DOI: 10.1557/jmr.1989.0930. Preparation and properties of PbO–MgO–Nb2O5 ceramics near the Pb(Mg⅓Nb⅔)O3 composition

Preparation and properties of PbO–MgO–Nb2O5 ceramics near the Pb(Mg⅓Nb⅔)O3 composition

10.1557/jmr.1989.0930

Crossref journal-article

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Journal of Materials Research (297)

Abstract

We prepared and characterized PbO–MgO–Nb2O5 ceramics near the Pb(Mg⅓Nb⅔)O3 stoichiometric composition. We examined microstructures, sintering behavior, and phase compositions in this system and prepared several new compositions, which have a single phase perovskite structure and a high dielectric constant (28000), by low sintering temperature (950–1020 °C). These compositions have a high electrical resistivity (1013 ohm-cm), which is about 1000 times higher than those of Pb(Fe½Nb½)O3 and Pb(Fe⅔W⅓)O3 based ceramics. The new compositions can be readily prepared into a single phase perovskite without a detectable amount of pyrochlore second phase by a simple method of mixing and calcining the constituent oxide and carbonate powders. Our dielectric measurements and XRD data establish the correlation between the decrease in dielectric constant and the presence of pyrochlore second phase. The effects of PbTiO3 dopant were quantitatively measured and our data showed that at a low (10 mole %) PbTiO3 concentration, the Curie temperature increases 6.6 °C for every mole % PbTiO3 dopant in the new compositions. The dielectric constant increases from 18000 in the undoped composition to 27 100 and 29000 by a PbTiO3 dopant concentration of 5% and 10%, respectively. The maximum dissipation factor also decreases from 0.10 in the undoped composition to 0.055 in the 10% PbTiO3 doped composition. The electrical resistivity, ρ, decreases with the PbTiO3 dopant concentration, t, following the ρ = ρ0 exp (–t/t0) relation where ρ0 ≍ (9.6 ± 0.2) × 1012 Ωcm and t0 ≃ 0.044.

Bibliography

Yan, M. F., Ling, H. C., & Rhodes, W. W. (1989). Preparation and properties of PbOâMgOâNb2O5 ceramics near the Pb(MgâNbâ)O3 composition. Journal of Materials Research, 4(4), 930â944.

Authors 3

M. F. Yan (first)
H. C. Ling (additional)
W. W. Rhodes (additional)

References 34 Referenced 65

{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref006', 'first-page': '492', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'Fritsberg', 'year': '1979', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Crystallogr.'} / Sov. Phys.-Crystallogr. by Fritsberg (1979)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref010', 'first-page': '647', 'volume': '65', 'author': 'Uchino', 'year': '1986', 'journal-title': 'Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.'} / Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. by Uchino (1986)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref023', 'first-page': '297', 'volume-title': 'Proc. 1st Mtg. on Ferroelectric Mater. and Appl.', 'author': 'Yonezawa', 'year': '1977'} / Proc. 1st Mtg. on Ferroelectric Mater. and Appl. by Yonezawa (1977)
21Philips Electronics Instrument, Inc., Mahwah, NJ.
10.1016/0025-5408(82)90159-3
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref024', 'first-page': '215', 'volume-title': 'Proc. 2nd Mtg. on Ferroelectric Mater. andAppl.', 'author': 'Yonezawa', 'year': '1979'} / Proc. 2nd Mtg. on Ferroelectric Mater. andAppl. by Yonezawa (1979)
10.1063/1.1754893
10.1016/0272-8842(82)90025-6
22 Elmer Perkin , Elmwood, NJ.
10.1063/1.327724
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref033', 'first-page': '191', 'volume-title': 'Electronic Ceramics', 'author': 'Kahn', 'year': '1987'} / Electronic Ceramics by Kahn (1987)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1986.tb04835.x
34 Ling H. C. , Yan M. F. , Jackson A. M. , and Rhodes W. W. , “Phase Relations and Dielectric Properties of PbO-MgO-Nb2O5 Based Compositions,” submitted for publication, J. Appl. Phys. (1989). (10.1557/JMR.1990.0629)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref001', 'first-page': '1380', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Smolenskii', 'year': '1958', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Tech. Phys.'} / Sov. Phys.-Tech. Phys. by Smolenskii (1958)
10.1080/00150198708016945
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1984.tb19528.x
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref013', 'first-page': 'C303', 'volume': '69', 'author': 'Chen', 'year': '1986', 'journal-title': 'J. Am. Ceram. Soc.'} / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. by Chen (1986)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref032', 'first-page': '403', 'volume-title': 'Ceramic Materials for Electronics', 'author': 'Young', 'year': '1986'} / Ceramic Materials for Electronics by Young (1986)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref008', 'first-page': '1429', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'Smolenskii', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.)'} / Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.) by Smolenskii (1959)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref002', 'first-page': '2428', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Bokov', 'year': '1961', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.)'} / Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.) by Bokov (1961)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref007', 'first-page': '147', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'Smolenskii', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Solid State'} / Sov. Phys.-Solid State by Smolenskii (1959)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref009', 'first-page': '2584', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Smolenskii', 'year': '1961', 'journal-title': 'Phys.-Solid State'} / Phys.-Solid State by Smolenskii (1961)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref012', 'first-page': '679', 'volume': '65', 'author': 'Lejeune', 'year': '1986', 'journal-title': 'Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.'} / Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. by Lejeune (1986)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref017', 'first-page': 'C287', 'volume': '69', 'author': 'Guha', 'year': '1986', 'journal-title': 'J. Am. Ceram. Soc.'} / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. by Guha (1986)
18 Ling H. C. , Rhodes W. W. , and Yan M. F. , “Method of Preparing a Ceramic Composition,” U.S. Patent 4,637,989, January 20 (1987).
20 Packard Hewlett , Piscataway, NJ.
25 Yonezawa M. and Ohno T. , “Ceramic Composition Having High Dielectric Constant,” U.S. Patent 4,078,938, March 14, 1978.
26 Takamizawa H. , Utsumi K. , Yonezawa M. , and Ohno T. , IEEE Transon Comp. Hybrids and Mfg. Tech., CHMT-4 (4), 345–49 (1981). (10.1109/TCHMT.1981.1135828)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref027', 'first-page': '1375', 'volume': '62', 'author': 'Yonezawa', 'year': '1983', 'journal-title': 'Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.'} / Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. by Yonezawa (1983)
28 Yan M. F. , Ling H.C. , and Rhodes W. W. , “Preparation and Dielectric Properties of xPb(Fe⅔W⅓)O3 + (1 - x)Pb(Fe½Nb½)O3 Compounds,” unpublished data (1982).
29 Oh S. G. , unpublished data (1985).
30 Mann L. , unpublished results (1985).
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref031', 'volume-title': 'EIA Standard RS-198-C on Ceramic Dielectric Capacitors Classes I, II, III and IV', 'year': '1983'} / EIA Standard RS-198-C on Ceramic Dielectric Capacitors Classes I, II, III and IV (1983)
{'key': 'S0884291400004830_ref003', 'first-page': '613', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Bokov', 'year': '1961', 'journal-title': 'Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.)'} / Sov. Phys.-Solid State (Eng. Transl.) by Bokov (1961)

Dates

Type	When
Created	17 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 27, 2007, 5:36 a.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 24, 2021, 4:26 p.m.)
Indexed	2 months, 1 week ago (June 17, 2025, 6:08 a.m.)
Issued	36 years ago (Aug. 1, 1989)
Published	36 years ago (Aug. 1, 1989)
Published Online	14 years, 6 months ago (Jan. 31, 2011)
Published Print	36 years ago (Aug. 1, 1989)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Yan_1989, title={Preparation and properties of PbO–MgO–Nb2O5 ceramics near the Pb(Mg⅓Nb⅔)O3 composition}, volume={4}, ISSN={2044-5326}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.0930}, DOI={10.1557/jmr.1989.0930}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Materials Research}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Yan, M. F. and Ling, H. C. and Rhodes, W. W.}, year={1989}, month=aug, pages={930–944} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:p>We prepared and characterized PbO\u2013MgO\u2013Nb<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub> ceramics near the Pb(Mg<jats:sub>\u2153</jats:sub>Nb<jats:sub>\u2154</jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> stoichiometric composition. We examined microstructures, sintering behavior, and phase compositions in this system and prepared several new compositions, which have a single phase perovskite structure and a high dielectric constant (\ue42128000), by low sintering temperature (950\u20131020 \u00b0C). These compositions have a high electrical resistivity (\ue42110<jats:sup>13</jats:sup> ohm-cm), which is about 1000 times higher than those of Pb(Fe<jats:sub>\u00bd</jats:sub>Nb<jats:sub>\u00bd</jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and Pb(Fe<jats:sub>\u2154</jats:sub>W<jats:sub>\u2153</jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> based ceramics. The new compositions can be readily prepared into a single phase perovskite without a detectable amount of pyrochlore second phase by a simple method of mixing and calcining the constituent oxide and carbonate powders. Our dielectric measurements and XRD data establish the correlation between the decrease in dielectric constant and the presence of pyrochlore second phase. The effects of PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> dopant were quantitatively measured and our data showed that at a low (\ue42510 mole %) PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> concentration, the Curie temperature increases 6.6 \u00b0C for every mole % PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> dopant in the new compositions. The dielectric constant increases from 18000 in the undoped composition to 27 100 and 29000 by a PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> dopant concentration of 5% and 10%, respectively. The maximum dissipation factor also decreases from 0.10 in the undoped composition to 0.055 in the 10% PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> doped composition. The electrical resistivity, \u03c1, decreases with the PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> dopant concentration, <jats:italic>t</jats:italic>, following the \u03c1 = \u03c1<jats:sub>0</jats:sub> exp (\u2013<jats:italic>t</jats:italic>/<jats:italic>t</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) relation where \u03c1<jats:sub>0</jats:sub> \u224d (9.6 \u00b1 0.2) \u00d7 10<jats:sup>12</jats:sup> \u03a9cm and <jats:italic>t</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub> \u2243 0.044.</jats:p>",
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