DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202.21.2951. Colour vision of domestic chicks

10.1242/jeb.202.21.2951

Crossref journal-article

The Company of Biologists

Journal of Experimental Biology (237)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The colour vision of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus) was investigated by training them to small food containers decorated with tilings of grey and coloured rectangles. Chicks learn to recognise the colour quickly and accurately. Chicks have four types of single-cone photoreceptor sensitive to ultraviolet, short-, medium- or long-wavelength light. To establish how these receptors are used for colour vision, stimuli were designed to be distinguished only by specific combinations of receptors. We infer (1) that all four single cones are used, and (2) that their outputs are encoded by at least three opponency mechanisms: one comparing the outputs of ultraviolet- and short-wavelength-sensitive receptors, one comparing the outputs of medium- and long-wavelength receptors and a third comparing of the outputs of short- and long- and/or medium-wavelength receptors. Thus, the chicks have tetrachromatic colour vision. These experiments do not exclude a role for the fifth cone type, double cones, but other evidence suggests that these cones serve luminance-based tasks, such as motion detection, and not colour recognition.

Bibliography

Osorio, D., Vorobyev, M., & Jones, C. D. (1999). Colour vision of domestic chicks. Journal of Experimental Biology, 202(21), 2951â2959.

Authors 3

D. Osorio (first)
M. Vorobyev (additional)
C. D. Jones (additional)

References 34 Referenced 208

10.1098/rspb.1997.0221 / Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B / Ultraviolet colour vision and ornamentation in bluethroats by Andersson (1997)
10.1007/BF00319510 / Biol. Cybernetics / Multidimensional-scaling of color similarity in bees by Backhaus (1987)
10.1086/285711 / Am. Nat. / Sexual selection and the mismeasure of color by Bennett (1994)
10.1073/pnas.94.16.8618 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / Ultraviolet plumage colors predict mate preferences in starlings by Bennett (1997)
10.1038/380433a0 / Nature / Ultraviolet vision and mate choice in zebra finches by Bennett (1996)
{'key': '2024121803432634900_JEXBIO_202_21_2951C6', 'first-page': '63', 'article-title': 'The evolution of vertebrate visual pigments and photoreceptors', 'volume-title': 'Vision and Visual Dysfunction, vol. 2, Evolution of the Eye and Visual System', 'author': 'Bowmaker', 'year': '1991'} / Vision and Visual Dysfunction, vol. 2, Evolution of the Eye and Visual System / The evolution of vertebrate visual pigments and photoreceptors by Bowmaker (1991)
10.1016/S0042-6989(97)00026-6 / Vision Res. / Visual pigments and oil droplets from six classes of photoreceptor in the retina of birds by Bowmaker (1997)
10.1016/S0042-6989(96)00195-2 / Vision Res. / Metric analysis of increment threshold spectral sensitivity in the honeybee by Brandt (1997)
{'key': '2024121803432634900_JEXBIO_202_21_2951C9', 'first-page': '492', 'article-title': 'Ultraviolet perception by bird eyes and some implications', 'volume': '83', 'author': 'Burkhardt', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Naturwissenschaften'} / Naturwissenschaften / Ultraviolet perception by bird eyes and some implications by Burkhardt (1996)
10.1007/s003590050229 / J. Comp. Physiol. A / Spectral sensitivity of the accessory optic system of the pigeon by Campenhausen (1998)
10.1007/s001140050483 / Naturwissenschaften / Does lepidopteran larval crypsis extend into the ultraviolet? by Church (1998)
10.1016/0042-6989(94)90155-4 / Vision Res. / Small passerines can discriminate ultraviolet surface colors by Derimoglu (1994)
10.1016/0042-6989(94)90049-3 / Vision Res. / Identification of the synaptic pedicles belonging to the different spectral types of photoreceptor in the turtle retina by Goede (1994)
10.1016/0042-6989(77)90052-9 / Vision Res. / Visual pigments of chicken and pigeon by Govardovskii (1977)
10.1016/0042-6989(94)90075-2 / Vision Res. / Phylogenetic relationships among vertebrate visual pigments by Hisatomi (1994)
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10.1007/BF00198981 / J. Comp. Physiol. A / Spectral sensitivities including the ultraviolet of the passeriform bird Leiothrix lutea by Maier (1992)
{'key': '2024121803432634900_JEXBIO_202_21_2951C20', 'first-page': '3', 'article-title': 'An approximation of visual absorption spectra', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Maximov', 'year': '1988', 'journal-title': 'Sensornye Systemy'} / Sensornye Systemy / An approximation of visual absorption spectra by Maximov (1988)
10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00108-5 / Neuropsychologia / Lateralization in chicks and hens: new evidence for control of response by the right eye system by McKenzie (1998)
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10.1016/0042-6989(90)90069-W / Vision Res. / Color mixing in the pigeon. I. A psychophysical determination in the long wavelength range by Palacios (1990)
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10.1037/0735-7044.103.1.170 / Behav. Neurosci. / Behavioral spectral sensitivities of different retinal areas in pigeons by Remy (1989)
10.1016/S0042-6989(97)00014-X / Vision Res. / Contrast and spatial-frequency requirements for emmetropization in chicks by Schmid (1997)
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10.1098/rspb.1998.0302 / Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B / Receptor noise as a determinant of colour thresholds by Vorobyev (1998)
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{'volume-title': 'Color Science, Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, second edition', 'year': '1982', 'author': 'Wyszecki', 'key': '2024121803432634900_JEXBIO_202_21_2951C33'} / Color Science, Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, second edition by Wyszecki (1982)
{'volume-title': 'Biostatistical Analysis, fourth edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall International Inc', 'year': '1999', 'author': 'Zar', 'key': '2024121803432634900_JEXBIO_202_21_2951C34'} / Biostatistical Analysis, fourth edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall International Inc by Zar (1999)

Dates

Type	When
Created	4 years, 4 months ago (April 25, 2021, 1:32 a.m.)
Deposited	8 months, 1 week ago (Dec. 17, 2024, 10:43 p.m.)
Indexed	6 days, 5 hours ago (Aug. 23, 2025, 1:22 a.m.)
Issued	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)
Published	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)
Published Online	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)
Published Print	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Osorio_1999, title={Colour vision of domestic chicks}, volume={202}, ISSN={1477-9145}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.21.2951}, DOI={10.1242/jeb.202.21.2951}, number={21}, journal={Journal of Experimental Biology}, publisher={The Company of Biologists}, author={Osorio, D. and Vorobyev, M. and Jones, C. D.}, year={1999}, month=nov, pages={2951–2959} }

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