DOI: 10.1242/dev.124.8.1553. The roles of maternal α-catenin and plakoglobin in the early <i>Xenopus</i> embryo

The roles of maternal α-catenin and plakoglobin in the early Xenopus embryo

10.1242/dev.124.8.1553

Crossref journal-article

The Company of Biologists

Development (237)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Catenins (α-, β- and γ- or plakoglobin) are cytoplasmic cadherin-associated proteins. Studies on cultured cells have suggested that both α-catenin and plakoglobin are important for the adhesive function of cadherins. α-catenin binds to both β-catenin and plakoglobin and may link the cadherin/catenin complex to actin filaments. Separate domains of plakoglobin bind to cadherin and α-catenin, suggesting it may act as a bridge between these molecules. However, plakoglobin may have other activities: it is expressed in both desmosomal junctions in association with desmogleins and the cytoplasm in conjunction with APC, and previous work suggests it may act in a dorsal signalling pathway when overexpressed in Xenopus embryos. Here, we have studied the roles of α-catenin and plakoglobin directly, by depleting the maternal mRNAs coding for each of them in developing Xenopus embryos. We find that depletion of maternal α-catenin causes the loss of intercellular adhesion at the blastula stage, similar to that reported previously for EP cadherin. Depletion of plakoglobin results in a partial loss of adhesion, and a loss of embryonic shape, but does not affect dorsal signalling.

Bibliography

Kofron, M., Spagnuolo, A., Klymkowsky, M., Wylie, C., & Heasman, J. (1997). The roles of maternal Î±-catenin and plakoglobin in the early Xenopus embryo. Development, 124(8), 1553â1560.

Authors 5

M. Kofron (first)
A. Spagnuolo (additional)
M. Klymkowsky (additional)
C. Wylie (additional)
J. Heasman (additional)

References 40 Referenced 82

10.1083/jcb.103.5.1679 / J. Cell Biol. / Identification of a new protein localized at sites of cell-substrate adhesion by Beckerle (1986)
10.1016/0092-8674(86)90706-3 / Cell / Plakoglobin: a protein common to different kinds of intercellular adhering junctions by Cowin (1986)
{'key': '2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C3', 'first-page': '133', 'volume': '134', 'author': 'Cox', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Armadillo is required for adherens junction assembly, polarity and morphogenesis during Drosophila embryogenesis. J. Cell Biol.'} / Armadillo is required for adherens junction assembly, polarity and morphogenesis during Drosophila embryogenesis. J. Cell Biol. by Cox (1996)
10.1089/ard.1991.1.11 / Antisense Res. Dev. / Pathways of degradation and mechanism of action of antisense oligonucleotides in Xenopus laevis embryos by Dagle (1991)
10.1073/pnas.84.22.7896 / Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA / Selective elimination of mRNAs in vivo: complementary oligodeoxynucleotides promote RNA degradation by an RNase H-like activity by Dash (1987)
10.1016/0896-6273(90)90108-R / Neuron / The effects of N-cadherin misexpression on morphogenesis in Xenopus embryos by Detrick (1990)
10.1083/jcb.128.5.959 / J. Cell Biol. / Embryonic axis induction by the armadillo repeat domain of β-catenin: evidence for intracellular signaling by Funayama (1995)
10.1242/dev.115.2.595 / Development / β1-integrin is a maternal protein that is inserted into all newly formed plasma membranes during early Xenopus embryogenesis by Gawantka (1992)
{'key': '2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C9', 'first-page': '125', 'article-title': 'Actin genes in Xenopus and their developmental control', 'volume': '89', 'author': 'Gurdon', 'year': '1985', 'journal-title': 'J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol.'} / J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. / Actin genes in Xenopus and their developmental control by Gurdon (1985)
10.1016/0076-6879(83)01028-9 / Methods Enzymol. / The use of Xenopus oocytes for the expression of cloned genes by Gurdon (1983)
10.1242/dev.121.11.3529 / Development / Lack of β-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulation by Haegel (1995)
10.1016/0092-8674(94)90069-8 / Cell / Overexpression of cadherins and underexpression of β-catenin inhibit dorsal mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos by Heasman (1994)
10.1242/dev.120.1.49 / Development / A functional test for maternally inherited cadherin in Xenopus shows its importance in cell adhesion at the blastula stage by Heasman (1994)
10.1046/j.1432-0436.1995.5820113.x / Differentiation / Cell type-specific desmosomal plaque proteins of the plakoglobin family: plakophilin 1 (band 6 protein by Heid (1994)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08505.x / EMBO J. / MyoD expression in the forming somites is an early response to mesoderm induction in Xenopus embryos by Hopwood (1989)
10.1073/pnas.92.10.4522 / Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA / Anterior axis duplication in Xenopus induced by the over-expression of the cadherin-binding protein plakoglobin by Karnovsky (1995)
10.1016/S1043-4682(10)80011-X / Semin. Cell Biol. / Classical cadherins by Kemler (1992)
10.1016/0168-9525(93)90250-L / Trends in Genet. / From cadherins to catenins: cytoplasmic protein interactions and regulation of cell adhesion by Kemler (1993)
10.1083/jcb.130.1.67 / J. Cell Biol. / Interaction of alpha-actinin with the cadherin/catenin cell-cell adhesion complex via alpha-catenin by Knudsen (1995)
10.1073/pnas.91.17.8263 / Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA / E-cadherin null mutant embryos fail to form a trophectoderm epithelium by Larue (1994)
{'key': '2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C21', 'first-page': '1191', 'article-title': 'A role for cytoplasmic determinants in mesoderm patterning: cell-autonomous activation of the goosecoid and Xwnt 8 genes along the dorso-ventral axis of early Xenopus embryos', 'author': 'Lemaire', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Development 120'} / Development 120 / A role for cytoplasmic determinants in mesoderm patterning: cell-autonomous activation of the goosecoid and Xwnt 8 genes along the dorso-ventral axis of early Xenopus embryos by Lemaire (1994)
10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80112-9 / Cell / Xtcf-3 transcription factor mediates β-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos by Molenaar (1996)
10.1016/0092-8674(91)90392-C / Cell / The 102 kd cadherin-associated protein: similarity to vinculin and posttranscriptional regulation of expression by Nagafuchi (1991)
10.1083/jcb.125.6.1341 / J. Cell Biol. / Defining interactions and distributions of cadherin and catenin complexes in polarized epithelial cells by Nathke (1994)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03563.x / EMBO J. / The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species by Ozawa (1989)
10.1083/jcb.116.4.989 / J. Cell Biol. / Molecular organization of the uvomorulin-catenin complex by Ozawa (1992)
10.1073/pnas.87.11.4246 / Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA / Uvomorulin-catenin complex formation is regulated by a specific domain in the cytoplasmic region of the cell adhesion molecule by Ozawa (1990)
10.1242/dev.111.4.1029 / Development / The segment polarity gene armadillo interacts with the wingless signaling pathway in both embryonic and adult pattern formation by Peifer (1991)
10.1083/jcb.118.3.681 / J. Cell Biol. / The vertebrate adhesive junction proteins β-catenin and plakoglobin and the Drosophila segment polarity gene armadillo form a multigene family with similar properties by Peifer (1992)
{'key': '2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C30', 'first-page': '855', 'volume': '92', 'author': 'Riethmacher', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'A targetted mutation in the mouse E-cadherin gene results in defective preimplantation development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA'} / A targetted mutation in the mouse E-cadherin gene results in defective preimplantation development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA by Riethmacher (1995)
10.1111/1523-1747.ep12606963 / J. Invest. Dermatol. / Plakoglobin binding by human Dsg3 (pemphigus vulgaris antigen) in keratinocytes requires the cadherin-like intracytoplasmic segment by Roh (1995)
10.1074/jbc.270.10.5549 / J. Biol. Chem. / The APC protein and E-cadherin form similar but independent complexe with alpha-catenin, β-catenin, and plakoglobin by Rubinfeld (1995)
10.1083/jcb.135.1.215 / J. Cell Biol. / Targeted mutation in mice reveals essential functions of desmosomes in the embryonic heart by Ruiz (1996)
10.1016/0925-4773(96)00546-1 / Mech. Dev. / B-catenin translocation into nuclei demarcates the dorsalizing centers in fish and frog embryos by Schneider (1996)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02830.x / EMBO J. / Antisense oligonucleotide-directed cleavage of mRNA in Xenopus oocytes and eggs by Shuttleworth (1988)
10.1083/jcb.127.1.151 / J. Cell Biol. / Identification of the plakoglobin-binding domain in desmoglein and its role in plaque assembly and intermediate filament anchorage by Troyanovsky (1994)
10.1073/pnas.91.23.10790 / Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA / Identification of amino acid sequence motifs in desmocollin, a desmosomal glycoprotein, that are required for plakoglobin binding and plaque formation [see comments] by Troyanovsky (1994)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05477.x / EMBO J. / Involvement of a neutral glycolipid in differential cell adhesion in the Xenopus blastula by Turner (1992)
{'key': '2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C39', 'first-page': '293', 'article-title': 'Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle in Drosophila melanogaster: zygotic loci on the X-chromosome and the fourth chromosome', 'volume': '193', 'author': 'Wieschaus', 'year': '1984', 'journal-title': 'Roux’s Arch. Dev. Biol.'} / Roux’s Arch. Dev. Biol. / Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle in Drosophila melanogaster: zygotic loci on the X-chromosome and the fourth chromosome by Wieschaus (1984)
10.1242/dev.122.10.2987 / Development. / Maternal β-catenin establishes a ‘dorsal signal’ in early Xenopus embryos by Wylie (1996)

Dates

Type	When
Created	4 years, 4 months ago (April 26, 2021, 12:06 a.m.)
Deposited	6 months, 3 weeks ago (Feb. 13, 2025, 9:44 p.m.)
Indexed	6 months, 3 weeks ago (Feb. 14, 2025, 12:34 a.m.)
Issued	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)
Published	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)
Published Online	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)
Published Print	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Kofron_1997, title={The roles of maternal α-catenin and plakoglobin in the early Xenopus embryo}, volume={124}, ISSN={1477-9129}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.8.1553}, DOI={10.1242/dev.124.8.1553}, number={8}, journal={Development}, publisher={The Company of Biologists}, author={Kofron, M. and Spagnuolo, A. and Klymkowsky, M. and Wylie, C. and Heasman, J.}, year={1997}, month=apr, pages={1553–1560} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        2,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-02-14T05:34:50Z",
    "timestamp": 1739511290587,
    "version": "3.37.0"
  },
  "reference-count": 40,
  "publisher": "The Company of Biologists",
  "issue": "8",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1997,
            4,
            15
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1997-04-15T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 861062400000
      },
      "content-version": "vor",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        4,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Catenins (\u03b1-, \u03b2- and \u03b3- or plakoglobin) are cytoplasmic cadherin-associated proteins. Studies on cultured cells have suggested that both \u03b1-catenin and plakoglobin are important for the adhesive function of cadherins. \u03b1-catenin binds to both \u03b2-catenin and plakoglobin and may link the cadherin/catenin complex to actin filaments. Separate domains of plakoglobin bind to cadherin and \u03b1-catenin, suggesting it may act as a bridge between these molecules. However, plakoglobin may have other activities: it is expressed in both desmosomal junctions in association with desmogleins and the cytoplasm in conjunction with APC, and previous work suggests it may act in a dorsal signalling pathway when overexpressed in Xenopus embryos. Here, we have studied the roles of \u03b1-catenin and plakoglobin directly, by depleting the maternal mRNAs coding for each of them in developing Xenopus embryos. We find that depletion of maternal \u03b1-catenin causes the loss of intercellular adhesion at the blastula stage, similar to that reported previously for EP cadherin. Depletion of plakoglobin results in a partial loss of adhesion, and a loss of embryonic shape, but does not affect dorsal signalling.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1242/dev.124.8.1553",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2021,
        4,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2021-04-26T04:06:19Z",
    "timestamp": 1619409979000
  },
  "page": "1553-1560",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 82,
  "title": "The roles of maternal \u03b1-catenin and plakoglobin in the early <i>Xenopus</i> embryo",
  "prefix": "10.1242",
  "volume": "124",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "M.",
      "family": "Kofron",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of Minnesota Medical School 1 Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy , , Box 206 UMHC, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "A.",
      "family": "Spagnuolo",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of Minnesota Medical School 1 Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy , , Box 206 UMHC, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "M.",
      "family": "Klymkowsky",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of Colorado at Boulder 2 Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology , , CO80309-0347, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "C.",
      "family": "Wylie",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of Minnesota Medical School 1 Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy , , Box 206 UMHC, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "J.",
      "family": "Heasman",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of Minnesota Medical School 1 Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy , , Box 206 UMHC, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "237",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        4,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1679",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.103.5.1679",
      "article-title": "Identification of a new protein localized at sites of cell-substrate adhesion",
      "volume": "103",
      "author": "Beckerle",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1063",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0092-8674(86)90706-3",
      "article-title": "Plakoglobin: a protein common to different kinds of intercellular adhering junctions",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Cowin",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C3",
      "first-page": "133",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "Cox",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Armadillo is required for adherens junction assembly, polarity and morphogenesis during Drosophila embryogenesis. J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "11",
      "DOI": "10.1089/ard.1991.1.11",
      "article-title": "Pathways of degradation and mechanism of action of antisense oligonucleotides in Xenopus laevis embryos",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Dagle",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Antisense Res. Dev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "7896",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.84.22.7896",
      "article-title": "Selective elimination of mRNAs in vivo: complementary oligodeoxynucleotides promote RNA degradation by an RNase H-like activity",
      "volume": "84",
      "author": "Dash",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "493",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0896-6273(90)90108-R",
      "article-title": "The effects of N-cadherin misexpression on morphogenesis in Xenopus embryos",
      "volume": "4",
      "author": "Detrick",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Neuron"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "959",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.128.5.959",
      "article-title": "Embryonic axis induction by the armadillo repeat domain of \u03b2-catenin: evidence for intracellular signaling",
      "volume": "128",
      "author": "Funayama",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "595",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.115.2.595",
      "article-title": "\u03b21-integrin is a maternal protein that is inserted into all newly formed plasma membranes during early Xenopus embryogenesis",
      "volume": "115",
      "author": "Gawantka",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Development"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C9",
      "first-page": "125",
      "article-title": "Actin genes in Xenopus and their developmental control",
      "volume": "89",
      "author": "Gurdon",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "370",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0076-6879(83)01028-9",
      "article-title": "The use of Xenopus oocytes for the expression of cloned genes",
      "volume": "101",
      "author": "Gurdon",
      "year": "1983",
      "journal-title": "Methods Enzymol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3529",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.121.11.3529",
      "article-title": "Lack of \u03b2-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulation",
      "volume": "121",
      "author": "Haegel",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Development"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "791",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0092-8674(94)90069-8",
      "article-title": "Overexpression of cadherins and underexpression of \u03b2-catenin inhibit dorsal mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos",
      "volume": "79",
      "author": "Heasman",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "49",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.120.1.49",
      "article-title": "A functional test for maternally inherited cadherin in Xenopus shows its importance in cell adhesion at the blastula stage",
      "volume": "120",
      "author": "Heasman",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Development"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "113",
      "DOI": "10.1046/j.1432-0436.1995.5820113.x",
      "article-title": "Cell type-specific desmosomal plaque proteins of the plakoglobin family: plakophilin 1 (band 6 protein",
      "volume": "58",
      "author": "Heid",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Differentiation"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3409",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08505.x",
      "article-title": "MyoD expression in the forming somites is an early response to mesoderm induction in Xenopus embryos",
      "volume": "8",
      "author": "Hopwood",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "4522",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.92.10.4522",
      "article-title": "Anterior axis duplication in Xenopus induced by the over-expression of the cadherin-binding protein plakoglobin",
      "volume": "92",
      "author": "Karnovsky",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "149",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1043-4682(10)80011-X",
      "article-title": "Classical cadherins",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "Kemler",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Semin. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "317",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0168-9525(93)90250-L",
      "article-title": "From cadherins to catenins: cytoplasmic protein interactions and regulation of cell adhesion",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "Kemler",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Trends in Genet."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "67",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.130.1.67",
      "article-title": "Interaction of alpha-actinin with the cadherin/catenin cell-cell adhesion complex via alpha-catenin",
      "volume": "130",
      "author": "Knudsen",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "8263",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.91.17.8263",
      "article-title": "E-cadherin null mutant embryos fail to form a trophectoderm epithelium",
      "volume": "91",
      "author": "Larue",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C21",
      "first-page": "1191",
      "article-title": "A role for cytoplasmic determinants in mesoderm patterning: cell-autonomous activation of the goosecoid and Xwnt 8 genes along the dorso-ventral axis of early Xenopus embryos",
      "author": "Lemaire",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Development 120"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "391",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80112-9",
      "article-title": "Xtcf-3 transcription factor mediates \u03b2-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Molenaar",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "849",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0092-8674(91)90392-C",
      "article-title": "The 102 kd cadherin-associated protein: similarity to vinculin and posttranscriptional regulation of expression",
      "volume": "65",
      "author": "Nagafuchi",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1341",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.125.6.1341",
      "article-title": "Defining interactions and distributions of cadherin and catenin complexes in polarized epithelial cells",
      "volume": "1256",
      "author": "Nathke",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1711",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03563.x",
      "article-title": "The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species",
      "volume": "8",
      "author": "Ozawa",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "989",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.116.4.989",
      "article-title": "Molecular organization of the uvomorulin-catenin complex",
      "volume": "116",
      "author": "Ozawa",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "4246",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.87.11.4246",
      "article-title": "Uvomorulin-catenin complex formation is regulated by a specific domain in the cytoplasmic region of the cell adhesion molecule",
      "volume": "87",
      "author": "Ozawa",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1029",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.111.4.1029",
      "article-title": "The segment polarity gene armadillo interacts with the wingless signaling pathway in both embryonic and adult pattern formation",
      "volume": "111",
      "author": "Peifer",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Development"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "681",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.118.3.681",
      "article-title": "The vertebrate adhesive junction proteins \u03b2-catenin and plakoglobin and the Drosophila segment polarity gene armadillo form a multigene family with similar properties",
      "volume": "118",
      "author": "Peifer",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C30",
      "first-page": "855",
      "volume": "92",
      "author": "Riethmacher",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "A targetted mutation in the mouse E-cadherin gene results in defective preimplantation development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "720",
      "DOI": "10.1111/1523-1747.ep12606963",
      "article-title": "Plakoglobin binding by human Dsg3 (pemphigus vulgaris antigen) in keratinocytes requires the cadherin-like intracytoplasmic segment",
      "volume": "104",
      "author": "Roh",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Invest. Dermatol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "5549",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.270.10.5549",
      "article-title": "The APC protein and E-cadherin form similar but independent complexe with alpha-catenin, \u03b2-catenin, and plakoglobin",
      "volume": "270",
      "author": "Rubinfeld",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "215",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.135.1.215",
      "article-title": "Targeted mutation in mice reveals essential functions of desmosomes in the embryonic heart",
      "volume": "135",
      "author": "Ruiz",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "191",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0925-4773(96)00546-1",
      "article-title": "B-catenin translocation into nuclei demarcates the dorsalizing centers in fish and frog embryos",
      "volume": "57",
      "author": "Schneider",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Mech. Dev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "427",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02830.x",
      "article-title": "Antisense oligonucleotide-directed cleavage of mRNA in Xenopus oocytes and eggs",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "Shuttleworth",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "151",
      "DOI": "10.1083/jcb.127.1.151",
      "article-title": "Identification of the plakoglobin-binding domain in desmoglein and its role in plaque assembly and intermediate filament anchorage",
      "volume": "127",
      "author": "Troyanovsky",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "10790",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.91.23.10790",
      "article-title": "Identification of amino acid sequence motifs in desmocollin, a desmosomal glycoprotein, that are required for plakoglobin binding and plaque formation [see comments]",
      "volume": "91",
      "author": "Troyanovsky",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3845",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05477.x",
      "article-title": "Involvement of a neutral glycolipid in differential cell adhesion in the Xenopus blastula",
      "volume": "11",
      "author": "Turner",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C39",
      "first-page": "293",
      "article-title": "Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle in Drosophila melanogaster: zygotic loci on the X-chromosome and the fourth chromosome",
      "volume": "193",
      "author": "Wieschaus",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "Roux\u2019s Arch. Dev. Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2025021402440636200_DEVELOP_124_8_1553C40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "2987",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.122.10.2987",
      "article-title": "Maternal \u03b2-catenin establishes a \u2018dorsal signal\u2019 in early Xenopus embryos",
      "volume": "122",
      "author": "Wylie",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Development."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Development",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article-pdf/124/8/1553/3124720/develop_124_8_1553.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article-pdf/124/8/1553/3124720/develop_124_8_1553.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        2,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-02-14T02:44:29Z",
    "timestamp": 1739501069000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/124/8/1553/39723/The-roles-of-maternal-catenin-and-plakoglobin-in"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        4,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 40,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "8",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1997,
          4,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.8.1553",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0950-1991",
    "1477-9129"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        4,
        15
      ]
    ]
  }
}