DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1006641. Modulation of dendritic cell maturation and function by the Tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1

Modulation of dendritic cell maturation and function by the Tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1

10.1189/jlb.1006641

Crossref journal-article

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Journal of Leukocyte Biology (286)

Abstract

AbstractHuman T cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is characterized by the generation of an intense CTL cell response directed against the viral transactivator protein Tax. In addition, patients diagnosed with HAM/TSP exhibit rapid activation and maturation of dendritic cells (DC), likely contributing to the robust, Tax-specific CTL response. In this study, extracellular Tax has been shown to induce maturation and functional alterations in human monocyte-derived DC, critical observations being confirmed in freshly isolated myeloid DC. Tax was shown to promote the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines involved in the DC activation process in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Tax induced the expression of DC activation (CD40, CD80, and CD86) and maturation (CD83) markers and enhanced the T cell proliferation capability of DC. Heat inactivation of Tax resulted in abrogation of these effects, indicating a requirement for the native structure of Tax, which was found to bind efficiently to the DC membrane and was internalized within a few hours, suggesting that extracellular Tax may possess an intracellular mechanism of action subsequent to entry. Finally, inhibitors of cellular signaling pathways, NF-κB, protein kinase, tyrosine kinase, and phospholipase C, were shown to inhibit Tax-mediated DC activation. This is the first study reporting the immunomodulatory effects of extracellular Tax in the DC compartment. These results suggest that DC, once exposed to Tax by uptake from the extracellular environment, can undergo activation, providing constant antigen presentation and costimulation to T cells, leading to the intense T cell proliferation and inflammatory responses underlying HAM/TSP.

Bibliography

Jain, P., Ahuja, J., Khan, Z. K., Shimizu, S., Meucci, O., Jennings, S. R., & Wigdahl, B. (2007). Modulation of dendritic cell maturation and function by the Tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 82(1), 44â56.

Authors 7

Pooja Jain (first)
Jaya Ahuja (additional)
Zafar K Khan (additional)
Saori Shimizu (additional)
Olimpia Meucci (additional)
Stephen R Jennings (additional)
Brian Wigdahl (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 4 months ago (April 18, 2007, 9:04 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 13, 2024, 8:46 a.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (Aug. 2, 2025, 12:26 a.m.)
Issued	18 years, 4 months ago (April 18, 2007)
Published	18 years, 4 months ago (April 18, 2007)
Published Online	18 years, 4 months ago (April 18, 2007)
Published Print	18 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 2007)

Funders 3

United States Public Health Service 10.13039/100007197 U.S. Public Health Service
Region: Americas
gov (National government)
Labels6
1. United States Public Health Service
2. Commissioned Corps of the U.S. Public Health Service
3. USPHS Commissioned Corps
4. U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
5. USPHS
6. PHS
NIH 10.13039/100000002 National Institutes of Health
Region: Americas
gov (National government)
Labels3
1. Institutos Nacionales de la Salud
2. US National Institutes of Health
3. NIH
Awards1
1. CA54559
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 10.13039/100000060
Region: Americas
gov (National government)
Labels3
1. Instituto Nacional de Alergias y Enfermedades Infecciosas
2. National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases
3. NIAID

BibTeX

@article{Jain_2007, title={Modulation of dendritic cell maturation and function by the Tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1}, volume={82}, ISSN={1938-3673}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1006641}, DOI={10.1189/jlb.1006641}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Leukocyte Biology}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Jain, Pooja and Ahuja, Jaya and Khan, Zafar K and Shimizu, Saori and Meucci, Olimpia and Jennings, Stephen R and Wigdahl, Brian}, year={2007}, month=apr, pages={44–56} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Human T cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is characterized by the generation of an intense CTL cell response directed against the viral transactivator protein Tax. In addition, patients diagnosed with HAM/TSP exhibit rapid activation and maturation of dendritic cells (DC), likely contributing to the robust, Tax-specific CTL response. In this study, extracellular Tax has been shown to induce maturation and functional alterations in human monocyte-derived DC, critical observations being confirmed in freshly isolated myeloid DC. Tax was shown to promote the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines involved in the DC activation process in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Tax induced the expression of DC activation (CD40, CD80, and CD86) and maturation (CD83) markers and enhanced the T cell proliferation capability of DC. Heat inactivation of Tax resulted in abrogation of these effects, indicating a requirement for the native structure of Tax, which was found to bind efficiently to the DC membrane and was internalized within a few hours, suggesting that extracellular Tax may possess an intracellular mechanism of action subsequent to entry. Finally, inhibitors of cellular signaling pathways, NF-\u03baB, protein kinase, tyrosine kinase, and phospholipase C, were shown to inhibit Tax-mediated DC activation. This is the first study reporting the immunomodulatory effects of extracellular Tax in the DC compartment. These results suggest that DC, once exposed to Tax by uptake from the extracellular environment, can undergo activation, providing constant antigen presentation and costimulation to T cells, leading to the intense T cell proliferation and inflammatory responses underlying HAM/TSP.</jats:p>",
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