DOI: 10.1177/1081286503008003003. Mechanoelectrical Phenomena In Ionic Polymers

Mechanoelectrical Phenomena In Ionic Polymers

10.1177/1081286503008003003

Crossref journal-article

SAGE Publications

Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids (179)

Abstract

Ion containing polymers display certain spectacular mechanoelectrical phenomena when suitably composited with a conductor phase such as a metal, a conductive polymer or graphite—sometimes called ionic polymer conductor composites. When subjected to a dynamic electric field they deform dynamically (actuation), and if dynamically deformed they generate a dynamic electric field (transduction or sensing). Here, we present a description of these phenomena in the linear regime, and in steady-state conditions using the standard Onsager formulation. We describe the underlining principle of ionic polymer-metal composite actuation/sensing phenomena using linear irreversible thermodynamics. When static conditions are imposed, a simple description of the mechanoelectric effect is possible based upon two forms of transport: ion transport (with a current density, J) and electro-osmotic solvent transport (with a flux, Q). The conjugate forces include the electric field, E, and the pressure gradient, -▿ p. We also present some estimates on the Onsager coefficients.

Bibliography

Shahinpoor, M. (2003). Mechanoelectrical Phenomena In Ionic Polymers. Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids, 8(3), 281â288.

Authors 1

Mohsen Shahinpoor (first)

References 37 Referenced 21

10.1088/0964-1726/10/4/327
[2] Shahinpoor, M.: Ion-exchange membrane-metal composites as biomimetic sensors and actuators. Polymer Sensors and Actuators, Y. Osada and D. De Rossi, eds, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg , chapter 12, 325-359 (2000). (10.1007/978-3-662-04068-3_12)
10.1209/epl/i2000-00299-3
[4] Shahinpoor, M.: Electromechanical modeling of ionic polymer-conductive composite (IPCC) artificial muscles. Mathematics of Smart Materials and Structures, SPIE publication no 3984-37 (2000). (10.1117/12.388775)
[5] Shahinpoor, M.: Potential applications of electroactive polymer sensors and actuators in MEMS technologies. SPIE Smart Materials MEMS publication no 4234-40, 450-459 (2000). (10.1117/12.424408)
10.1088/0964-1726/9/4/318
[7] Kim, K. J. and Shahinpoor, M.: Application of polyelectrolytes in ionic polymeric sensors, actuators, and artificial muscles, in Handbook of Polyelectrolytes and their Applications, pp. 1-22, eds., S. Tripathy, J. Kumar and H. S. Nalwa, American Scientific Publishers , 2002.
10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00648-6
[9] Kim, K. J. and Shahinpoor, M.: Effective diffusivity of nanoscale ion-water clusters within ion-exchange membranes determined by a novel mechano-electric technique . Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 28(1) 99-104 (2003). (10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00026-5)
[10] Kim, K. J. and Shahinpoor, M.: Ionic polymer-metal composites: manufacturing techniques . Proceeding of SPIE 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, San Diego, California, March 2002, Vol. 4695, Paper No 26 (2002). (10.1117/12.475166)
10.1063/1.1477276
[12] Shahinpoor, M. and Kim, K.J.: Mass transfer induced hydraulic actuation in ionic polymer-metal composites. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct., in press (2003).
[13] Shahinpoor, M. and Kim, K.J.: Novel ionic polymer metal composites equipped with physically-loaded particulate electrode as biomimetic sensors, actuators and artificial muscles . Actuators and sensors A, Physical, A. 3163, 1-8 (2002).
10.1002/pc.10002
[15] Shahinpoor, M. and Kim, K.J.: Electric shape-memory effects in ionic polymers . Proceeding of SPIE 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, San Diego, California, March 2002, Vol. 4695, Paper No 13 (2002). (10.1117/12.475152)
[16] Shahinpoor, M. and Kim, K.J.: Ionic polymer-metal composites: fundamentals and phenomenological modeling . Proceeding of SPIE 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, San Diego, California, March 2002, Vol. 4695, Paper No 36 (2002). (10.1117/12.475176)
[17] Shahinpoor, M., Norris, I.D., Mattes, B.R., Sillerud, L.O., and Kim, K.J.: Electroactive polyacrylonitrile nanofibers as artificial nanomuscles . Proceeding of SPIE 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, San Diego, California, March 2002, Vol. 4695, Paper No 42 (2002). (10.1117/12.475181)
[18] Shahinpoor, M.: Ionic polymer-metal composites as biomimetic sensors and actuators. Evolving and Revolutionary Technologies for the New Millennium, Vol. 44, Book 2, L. J. Cohen, J. L. Bauer and W. E. Davis, eds, SAMPE, 1950-1960 (1999).
[19] Shahinpoor, M.: Active polyelectrolyte gels as electrically-controllable artificial muscles and intelligent network structure. Structronics Systems, Part II, H.S.Tzou, A. Guran, U. Gabbert, J. Tani and E. Breitbach, eds, World Scientific, London , 31-85 (1998). (10.1142/9789812817358_0012)
10.1088/0964-1726/7/6/001
10.1016/S0924-4247(01)00777-4
10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00648-6
[23] Onishi, K., Sewa, S., Asaka, K., Fujiwara, N., and Oguro, K.: Bending response of polymer electrolyte actuator . Proceedings of Smart Structures and Materials 2001: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices, 3987, 19-19 (2000). (10.1117/12.387770)
10.1295/polymj.27.436
10.1117/12.432661
10.1016/0360-3199(82)90050-7
10.1007/BF01062295
10.1016/0376-7388(92)80002-2
10.1021/ma00172a049
[30] Eisenberg, A. and Yeager, H.L.: Perfluorinated Ionomer Membranes, ACS Symposium Series, vol. 180, ACS, W ashington DC (1982). (10.1021/bk-1982-0180)
[31] Eisenberg, A. and King, M.: Ion-Containing Polymers: Physical Properties and Structure, Polymer Physics Series, R. S. Stein, ed., vol.∼2, Academic, New York (1977).
[32] Eisenberg, A. and Bailey, F.E.: Coulombic Interactions in Macromolecular Systems, ACS Symposium Series, 302, American Chemical Society, Washington DC (1986). (10.1021/bk-1986-0302)
[33] Eisenberg, A.: Ions in Polymers, Advances in Chemistry Series, American Chemical Society, Washington DC (1980). (10.1021/ba-1980-0187)
[34] Davis, T. A., Genders, J.D., and Pletcher, D.: A First Course in Ion Permeable Membranes, The Electrochemical Consultancy, Hants, UK (1997).
[35] Yeager, H. L.: Transport properties of perfluorosulfonate polymer membranes. Perfluorinated Ionomer Membranes, ACS Series 180, ACS, Washington DC (1982). (10.1021/bk-1982-0180.ch004)
[36] Kolde, J. A., Bahar, B., Wilson, M.S., Zawodzinski, T.A., and Gottesfeld, S. Electrochem. Soc. Proc., 95-23 , 193 (1995).
[37] Bhattacharya, K., Li, J., and Xiao, Y.: Electromechanical models for optimal design and effective behavior of electroactive polymers. Electroactive Polymer (EAP) Actuators as Artificial Muscles Y. Bar-Cohen, ed., SPIE, Washington (2001).

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 2003, 6:06 p.m.)
Deposited	6 months ago (March 2, 2025, 7:26 a.m.)
Indexed	6 months ago (March 3, 2025, 12:39 a.m.)
Issued	22 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2003)
Published	22 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2003)
Published Online	22 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2003)
Published Print	22 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2003)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Shahinpoor_2003, title={Mechanoelectrical Phenomena In Ionic Polymers}, volume={8}, ISSN={1741-3028}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286503008003003}, DOI={10.1177/1081286503008003003}, number={3}, journal={Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Shahinpoor, Mohsen}, year={2003}, month=jun, pages={281–288} }

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