DOI: 10.1175/jtech1922.1. Shattering and Particle Interarrival Times Measured by Optical Array Probes in Ice Clouds

Shattering and Particle Interarrival Times Measured by Optical Array Probes in Ice Clouds

10.1175/jtech1922.1

Crossref journal-article

American Meteorological Society

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (12)

Abstract

Abstract Optical array probes are one of the most important tools for determining the microphysical structure of clouds. It has been known for some time that the shattering of ice crystals on the housing of these probes can lead to incorrect measurements of particle size distributions and subsequently derived microphysical properties if the resulting spurious particles are not rejected. In this paper it is shown that the interarrival times of particles measured by these probes can be bimodal—the “cloud” probes are more affected than the “precipitation” probes. The long interarrival time mode represents real cloud structure while the short interarrival time mode results from fragments of shattered ice particles. It is demonstrated for the flights considered here that if the fragmented particles are filtered using an interarrival time threshold of 2 × 10−4 s in three of the four cases and 1 × 10−5 s in the other, then the measured total concentration can be affected by up to a factor of 4 in situations where large particles are present as determined by the mass-weighted mean size exceeding 1 mm, or the exponential slope parameter falling below 30 cm−1. When the size distribution is narrow (mass weighted mean size &lt;1 mm), ice water contents can be overestimated by 20%–30% for the cases presented here.

Bibliography

Field, P. R., Heymsfield, A. J., & Bansemer, A. (2006). Shattering and Particle Interarrival Times Measured by Optical Array Probes in Ice Clouds. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 23(10), 1357â1371.

Authors 3

P. R. Field (first)
A. J. Heymsfield (first)
A. Bansemer (first)

References 17 Referenced 315

{'key': '2020061214410017400_i1520-0426-23-10-1357-Baumgardner1', 'first-page': '366', 'article-title': 'The 1982 cloud particle measurement symposium 4–7 May 1982, Boulder, Colo.', 'volume': '64', 'author': 'Baumgardner', 'year': '1983', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.'} / Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. / The 1982 cloud particle measurement symposium 4–7 May 1982, Boulder, Colo. by Baumgardner (1983)
10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014<1224:ACFOAP>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Airspeed corrections for optical array probe sample volumes. by Baumgardner (1997)
Cooper, W. A. , 1977: Cloud physics investigation by the University of Wyoming in HIPLEX 1977. Bureau of Reclamation Rep. AS 119, 321 pp.
10.1175/1520-0426(2003)020<0249:IPITMW>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Ice particle interarrival times measured with a fast FSSP. by Field (2003)
10.1364/AO.43.005987 / Appl. Opt. / Airborne digital holographic system for cloud particle measurements. by Fugal (2004)
10.1175/1520-0426(1985)002<0171:DOICFS>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Degradation of in-cloud forward scattering spectrometer probe measurements in the presence of ice particles. by Gardiner (1985)
10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<1300:TROTPF>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / The reliability of the PMS FSSP in the presence of small ice crystals. by Gayet (1996)
10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043<1087:HEIROT>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Sci. / Hydrometeor evolution in rainbands over the California valley. by Gordon (1986)
Hallett, J. , 1976: Measurement of size, concentration and structure of atmospheric particulates by the airborne continuous particle replicator. Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force, Hanscom AFB, Tech. Rep. AFGL-TR-76-0419, 92 pp.
10.1175/1520-0450(1978)017<1566:ACTFIT>2.0.CO;2 / J. Appl. Meteor. / Computation technique for increasing effective sampling volume of pms1 2-dimensional particle-size spectrometer. by Heymsfield (1978)
10.1175/1520-0477-66.4.437 / Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. / Summary of a workshop on processing 2D probe data. by Heymsfield (1985)
10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0568:OSOTPO>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Optoelectronic simulation of the PMS 260X optical array probe and application to drizzle in stratocumulus. by Jensen (2002)
10.1175/1520-0450(1970)009<0086:TOAAAT>2.0.CO;2 / J. Appl. Meteor. / The optical array: An alternative to extinction and scattering for particle size measurements. by Knollenberg (1970)
10.1016/B978-0-12-350720-4.50007-7 / Techniques for probing cloud microstructure. by Knollenberg (1981)
10.1175/JTECH1720.1 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Shattering during sampling by OAPs and HVPS. Part 1: Snow particles. by Korolev (2005)
{'key': '2020061214410017400_i1520-0426-23-10-1357-Press1', 'article-title': 'Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing.', 'author': 'Press', 'year': '1992'} / Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. by Press (1992)
10.1175/1520-0426(2001)018<1150:LMOTRO>2.0.CO;2 / J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. / Laboratory measurements of the response of a PMS OAP-2DC. by Strapp (2001)

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 6, 2006, 12:33 p.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 7, 2020, 5:34 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 1 week ago (July 19, 2025, 11:33 p.m.)
Issued	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 1, 2006)
Published	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 1, 2006)
Published Online	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 1, 2006)
Published Print	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 1, 2006)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Field_2006, title={Shattering and Particle Interarrival Times Measured by Optical Array Probes in Ice Clouds}, volume={23}, ISSN={0739-0572}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1922.1}, DOI={10.1175/jtech1922.1}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology}, publisher={American Meteorological Society}, author={Field, P. R. and Heymsfield, A. J. and Bansemer, A.}, year={2006}, month=oct, pages={1357–1371} }

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