DOI: 10.1175/jcli4264.1. Inclusion of Ice Microphysics in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 (CAM3)

Inclusion of Ice Microphysics in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 (CAM3)

10.1175/jcli4264.1

Crossref journal-article

American Meteorological Society

Journal of Climate (12)

Abstract

AbstractA prognostic equation for ice crystal number concentration together with an ice nucleation scheme are implemented in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmospheric Model version 3 (CAM3) with the aim of studying the indirect effect of aerosols on cold clouds. The effective radius of ice crystals, which is used in the radiation and gravitational settlement calculations, is now calculated from model-predicted mass and number of ice crystals rather than diagnosed as a function of temperature. A water vapor deposition scheme is added to replace the condensation and evaporation (C–E) in the standard CAM3 for ice clouds. The repartitioning of total water into liquid and ice in mixed-phase clouds as a function of temperature is removed, and ice supersaturation is allowed. The predicted ice water content in the modified CAM3 is in better agreement with the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) data than that in the standard CAM3. The cirrus cloud fraction near the tropical tropopause, which is underestimated in the standard CAM3 as revealed through comparison with the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) data, is increased by 20%–30%, and the cold temperature bias there is reduced by 1–2 K. However, an increase in the cloud fraction in polar regions makes the underestimation (by ∼20 W m−2) of downwelling shortwave radiation in the standard CAM3 even worse. A sensitivity test reducing the threshold relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) for heterogeneous ice nucleation from 120% to 105% (representing nearly perfect ice nuclei) increases the global cloud cover by 1.4%, temperature near the tropical tropopause by 4–5 K, and water vapor in the stratosphere by 50%–80%.

Bibliography

Liu, X., Penner, J. E., Ghan, S. J., & Wang, M. (2007). Inclusion of Ice Microphysics in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 (CAM3). Journal of Climate, 20(18), 4526â4547.

Authors 4

Xiaohong Liu (first)
Joyce E. Penner (additional)
Steven J. Ghan (additional)
Minghuai Wang (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	17 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 2, 2007, 4:05 p.m.)
Deposited	2 years, 3 months ago (May 14, 2023, 5:23 a.m.)
Indexed	2 months, 4 weeks ago (May 26, 2025, 10:05 a.m.)
Issued	17 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 2007)
Published	17 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 2007)
Published Online	17 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 2007)
Published Print	17 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 2007)

Funders 0

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BibTeX

@article{Liu_2007, title={Inclusion of Ice Microphysics in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 (CAM3)}, volume={20}, ISSN={0894-8755}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4264.1}, DOI={10.1175/jcli4264.1}, number={18}, journal={Journal of Climate}, publisher={American Meteorological Society}, author={Liu, Xiaohong and Penner, Joyce E. and Ghan, Steven J. and Wang, Minghuai}, year={2007}, month=sep, pages={4526–4547} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A prognostic equation for ice crystal number concentration together with an ice nucleation scheme are implemented in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmospheric Model version 3 (CAM3) with the aim of studying the indirect effect of aerosols on cold clouds. The effective radius of ice crystals, which is used in the radiation and gravitational settlement calculations, is now calculated from model-predicted mass and number of ice crystals rather than diagnosed as a function of temperature. A water vapor deposition scheme is added to replace the condensation and evaporation (C\u2013E) in the standard CAM3 for ice clouds. The repartitioning of total water into liquid and ice in mixed-phase clouds as a function of temperature is removed, and ice supersaturation is allowed. The predicted ice water content in the modified CAM3 is in better agreement with the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) data than that in the standard CAM3. The cirrus cloud fraction near the tropical tropopause, which is underestimated in the standard CAM3 as revealed through comparison with the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) data, is increased by 20%\u201330%, and the cold temperature bias there is reduced by 1\u20132 K. However, an increase in the cloud fraction in polar regions makes the underestimation (by \u223c20 W m\u22122) of downwelling shortwave radiation in the standard CAM3 even worse. A sensitivity test reducing the threshold relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) for heterogeneous ice nucleation from 120% to 105% (representing nearly perfect ice nuclei) increases the global cloud cover by 1.4%, temperature near the tropical tropopause by 4\u20135 K, and water vapor in the stratosphere by 50%\u201380%.</jats:p>",
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