DOI: 10.1175/jcli3747.1. The Climate Sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3)

The Climate Sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3)

10.1175/jcli3747.1

Crossref journal-article

American Meteorological Society

Journal of Climate (12)

Abstract

Abstract The climate sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) is described in terms of the equilibrium change in surface temperature due to a doubling of carbon dioxide in a slab ocean version of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) and the transient climate response, which is the surface temperature change at the point of doubling of carbon dioxide in a 1% yr−1 CO2 simulation with the fully coupled CCSM. For a fixed atmospheric horizontal resolution across model versions, we show that the equilibrium sensitivity has monotonically increased across CSM1.4, CCSM2, to CCSM3 from 2.01° to 2.27° to 2.47°C, respectively. The transient climate response for these versions is 1.44° to 1.09° to 1.48°C, respectively. Using climate feedback analysis, it is shown that both clear-sky and cloudy-sky processes have contributed to the changes in transient climate response. The dependence of these sensitivities on horizontal resolution is also explored. The equilibrium sensitivity of the high-resolution (T85) version of CCSM3 is 2.71°C, while the equilibrium response for the low-resolution model (T31) is 2.32°C. It is shown that the shortwave cloud response of the high-resolution version of the CCSM3 is anomalous compared to the low- and moderate-resolution versions.

Bibliography

Kiehl, J. T., Shields, C. A., Hack, J. J., & Collins, W. D. (2006). The Climate Sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3). Journal of Climate, 19(11), 2584â2596.

Authors 4

Jeffrey T. Kiehl (first)
Christine A. Shields (first)
James J. Hack (first)
William D. Collins (first)

References 19 Referenced 150

10.1029/2002GL016549 / Geophys. Res. Lett / Dynamical aspects of climate sensitivity. by Boer (2003)
10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<1115:TNCSMV>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / The NCAR climate system model, version one. by Boville (1998)
10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<0164:ITTNCF>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / Improvements to the NCAR CSM-1 for transient climate simulations. by Boville (2001)
10.1175/JCLI3749.1 / J. Climate / Representation of clouds and precipitation processes in the Community Atmosphere Model version 3 (CAM3). by Boville (2006)
10.1175/JCLI3761.1 / J. Climate / The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3). by Collins (2006)
10.1175/JCLI3760.1 / J. Climate / The formulation and atmospheric simulation of the Community Atmosphere Model version 3 (CAM3). by Collins (2006)
{'key': '2020061112535446300_i1520-0442-19-11-2584-Cubasch1', 'article-title': 'Projections of future climate change.', 'author': 'Cubasch', 'year': '2001'} / Projections of future climate change. by Cubasch (2001)
10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<0485:COTTAT>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / Climates of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries simulated by the NCAR Climate System Model. by Dai (2001)
10.1175/JCLI3742.1 / J. Climate / The Community Land Model and its climate statistics as a component of the Community Climate System Model. by Dickinson (2006)
10.1029/97GL01930 / Geophys. Res. Lett / The climate response to CO2 of the Hadley Centre coupled AOGCM with and without flux adjustment. by Gregory (1997)
10.1029/2003GL018747 / Geophys. Res. Lett / A new method for diagnosing radiative forcing and climate sensitivity. by Gregory (2004)
10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3666:TCCSMV>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / The Community Climate System Model, version 2. by Kiehl (2004)
10.1175/JCLI3740.1 / J. Climate / Attribution and impacts of the upper-ocean biases in CCSM3. by Large (2006)
10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1879:ROTNCS>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / Response of the NCAR Climate System Model to increased CO2 and the role of physical processes. by Meehl (2000)
10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1584:FACSIG>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / Factors affecting climate sensitivity in global coupled models. by Meehl (2004)
10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0496:TROTHC>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / Transient response of the Hadley Centre coupled ocean–atmosphere model to increasing carbon dioxide. Part III: Analysis of global-mean response using simple models. by Murphy (1995)
10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0124:TROCSA>2.0.CO;2 / J. Climate / The role of climate sensitivity and ocean heat uptake on AOGCM transient temperature response. by Raper (2002)
10.1029/2000GL011373 / Geophys. Res. Lett / The time-dependence of climate sensitivity. by Senior (2000)
10.1175/JCLI3744.1 / J. Climate / The low-resolution CCSM3. by Yeager (2006)

Dates

Type	When
Created	19 years, 2 months ago (June 7, 2006, 3:01 p.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 7, 2020, 5:59 p.m.)
Indexed	1 day, 15 hours ago (Sept. 4, 2025, 9:46 a.m.)
Issued	19 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2006)
Published	19 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2006)
Published Online	19 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2006)
Published Print	19 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2006)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Kiehl_2006, title={The Climate Sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3)}, volume={19}, ISSN={0894-8755}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3747.1}, DOI={10.1175/jcli3747.1}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Climate}, publisher={American Meteorological Society}, author={Kiehl, Jeffrey T. and Shields, Christine A. and Hack, James J. and Collins, William D.}, year={2006}, month=jun, pages={2584–2596} }

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