Arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been shown to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (p42MAPK) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). In VSMC, AVP increases free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and activates protein kinase C (PKC) through activation of phospholipase C. The contribution of PKC and [Ca2+]i in p42MAPK regulation was therefore determined. Activation of PKC by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of p42MAPK to the same extent as AVP. Inhibition of PKC by staurosporine or downregulation of PKC by PMA pretreatment abolished AVP-induced stimulation of p42MAPK. When [Ca2+]i was elevated to the same level as with AVP, using either ionomycin (0.1 microM) or thapsigargin (0.1 microM), MAP kinase was only partially activated. Elevation of [Ca2+]i to supraphysiological levels by 1 microM ionomycin stimulated MAP kinase activity to the same extent as AVP. This effect was blocked by downregulation of PKC. The intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA [1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid] blocked AVP-induced [Ca2+]i increase but did not affect AVP stimulation of p42MAPK. Thus AVP-induced activation of p42MAPK requires only the activation of PKC but not an increase in [Ca2+]i.

Kribben, A., Wieder, E. D., Li, X., van Putten, V., Granot, Y., Schrier, R. W., & Nemenoff, R. A. (1993). AVP-induced activation of MAP kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated through protein kinase C. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 265(4), C939–C945.