DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285. MICROBIAL ALDOLASES AND TRANSKETOLASES: New Biocatalytic Approaches to Simple and Complex Sugars

MICROBIAL ALDOLASES AND TRANSKETOLASES: New Biocatalytic Approaches to Simple and Complex Sugars

10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285

Crossref journal-article

Annual Reviews

Annual Review of Microbiology (22)

Abstract

▪ Abstract Enzymes have become exceedingly valuable tools in organic synthesis as the reactions they catalyze generally proceed under mild conditions and in high stereo- and regioselectivity. Advances in microbiology and genetic engineering have greatly increased the availability of various enzymes. One of the most useful applications of enzyme-catalyzed chemical transformations is in the synthesis of water-soluble, polyfunctional organic molecules such as carbohydrates. As the pivotal roles that carbohydrates play in biological processes become more evident, access to these compounds becomes increasingly important. This review gives a brief overview of the use of aldolases and transketolases in the synthesis of sugars, sugar analogs, and related compounds.

Bibliography

Takayama, S., McGarvey, G. J., & Wong, C.-H. (1997). MICROBIAL ALDOLASES AND TRANSKETOLASES: New Biocatalytic Approaches to Simple and Complex Sugars. Annual Review of Microbiology, 51(1), 285â310.

Authors 3

Shuichi Takayama (first)
Glenn J. McGarvey (additional)
Chi-Huey Wong (additional)

References 104 Referenced 82

10.1007/BF01033201
10.1021/jo00118a058
10.1016/S0957-4166(00)80224-4
10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97593-3
10.1021/ja00161a064
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)80113-6
10.1021/ja00184a034
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)85332-0
10.1021/jo00250a010
10.1016/S0021-9258(19)70850-3 / J. Biol. Chem. by Blacklow RS (1962)
10.1038/nsb0197-36
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96770-4
10.1021/ja00208a046
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)97257-5
10.1021/ja00028a050
10.1021/bi00829a015
10.1016/0304-4165(66)90499-5
10.1021/ja00093a018
10.1021/jo00114a051
10.3891/acta.chem.scand.29b-0081
10.1016/S0021-9258(19)76908-7 / J. Biol. Chem. by Comb DG (1960)
10.1128/jb.151.2.600-608.1982 / J. Bacteriol. by Crow VL (1982)
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)93434-8
Drauz K, Waldmann H. 1995. Formation of carbon-carbon bonds. InEnzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis,B4:547–593. New York: VCH Publ. (10.1002/9783527619429)
10.1006/jmbi.1996.0332
10.1021/ja00284a053
10.1021/jo00253a004
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79121-0
10.1002/jlac.1992199201214
10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.002433
10.1002/anie.199516391
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79140-4
10.1002/anie.199402091
10.1002/anie.199105551
10.1021/jo00117a016
10.1021/jo00105a057
10.1039/p19920001085
10.1016/0968-0896(95)00077-T
10.1016/0076-6879(66)09106-7
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)96518-X / J. Biol. Chem. by Ghalambor MA (1966)
10.1021/cr950031q
10.1021/ja00097a082
10.1021/ja00115a038
10.1021/ja00134a001
10.1016/0040-4039(95)01483-X
Heathcock CH. 1991. The aldol reaction: acid and general base catalysis. See Ref. 79a, pp. 133–179 (10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00027-5)
Heathcock CH. 1991. The aldol reaction: Group I and Group II enolates. See Ref. 79a, pp. 181–238 (10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00028-7)
10.1016/S0968-0896(00)82183-5
10.1039/P19930000165
10.1016/0003-9861(68)90473-6
{'key': 'b51', 'volume-title': 'The Enzymes.', 'author': 'Horecker BL', 'year': '1975'} / The Enzymes. by Horecker BL (1975)
10.1039/np9941100135
10.1021/ja00016a073
Kim BW, Williams SF, Masamune S. 1991. The aldol reaction: group III enolates. See Ref. 79a, pp. 239–75 (10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00029-9)
10.1021/ja00227a031
10.1021/jo00048a023
10.1039/P19940000119
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)69733-9 / J. Biol. Chem. by Levin DH (1959)
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb40589.x
10.1021/ja00036a044
10.1021/jo00044a005
10.1021/ar00028a008
10.1080/07328309308019397
10.1038/170575a0
{'key': 'b65', 'first-page': '89', 'volume': '271', 'author': 'Meyerhof O', 'year': '1934', 'journal-title': 'Biochem. Z.'} / Biochem. Z. by Meyerhof O (1934)
10.1021/ja00044a005
10.1021/ja960975c
10.1016/0957-4166(96)00266-2
10.1016/S0957-4166(00)80229-3
10.1021/ja00168a058
Paterson I. 1991. The aldol reaction: transition metal enolates. See Ref. 66a, pp. 301–19 (10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00031-7)
10.1021/ja960274f
10.1016/S0021-9258(19)40001-X / J. Biol. Chem. by Raetz CRH (1990)
Rathke MW, Weipert P. 1991. Zinc enolates: the Reformatsky and Blaise reactions. See Ref. 79a, pp. 277–99 (10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00030-5)
10.1128/jb.141.2.635-644.1980 / J. Bacteriol. by Ray PH (1980)
10.1016/0076-6879(82)83047-4
10.1021/ja00285a022
{'key': 'b78', 'first-page': '83', 'volume': '53', 'author': 'Schirch L', 'year': '1982', 'journal-title': 'Adv. Enzymol.'} / Adv. Enzymol. by Schirch L (1982)
10.1021/ja00182a054
10.1016/S0040-4039(00)94649-5
10.1016/S0076-6879(82)89016-2
10.1021/ja952596+
10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37096-6 / J. Biol. Chem. by Stover P (1992)
10.1021/ja00055a008
10.1016/0076-6879(66)09108-0
Trost BM, Flemming I, Heathcock CH, eds. 1991. Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Vol. 2. Oxford: Pergamon
10.1021/ja00184a033
10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a134863
10.1021/ja00124a037
10.1016/00404-0399(50)09242-
10.1021/ja00193a025
10.1128/jb.168.1.437-439.1986
10.1016/S0040-4039(96)02121-1
10.1021/jo00127a052
Wong C-H, Druekhammer DG, Sweers HM. 1988. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of flourosugars. InFluorinated Carbohydrates: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects,ed. NF Taylor, pp. 29–42. Washington, DC: Am. Chem. Soc. (10.1021/bk-1988-0374.ch003)
10.1021/ja00117a003
10.1002/anie.199504121
10.1021/jo00168a023
10.1016/0076-6879(91)02028-8
10.1021/jo00167a012
Wong C-H, Whitesides GM. 1994. C-C bond formation. InEnzymes in Synthetic Organic Chemistry,pp. 195–251. Oxford: Pergamon (10.1016/B978-0-08-035941-0.50011-2)
10.1002/anie.199600881
10.1021/jo00053a051
10.1002/anie.198807161

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 27, 2002, 7:45 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 2021, 11:18 a.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 1 week ago (July 23, 2025, 8:46 a.m.)
Issued	27 years, 11 months ago (Oct. 1, 1997)
Published	27 years, 11 months ago (Oct. 1, 1997)
Published Print	27 years, 11 months ago (Oct. 1, 1997)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Takayama_1997, title={MICROBIAL ALDOLASES AND TRANSKETOLASES: New Biocatalytic Approaches to Simple and Complex Sugars}, volume={51}, ISSN={1545-3251}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285}, DOI={10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285}, number={1}, journal={Annual Review of Microbiology}, publisher={Annual Reviews}, author={Takayama, Shuichi and McGarvey, Glenn J. and Wong, Chi-Huey}, year={1997}, month=oct, pages={285–310} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        23
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-23T12:46:25Z",
    "timestamp": 1753274785206
  },
  "reference-count": 104,
  "publisher": "Annual Reviews",
  "issue": "1",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        10
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p> \u25aa Abstract\u2002 Enzymes have become exceedingly valuable tools in organic synthesis as the reactions they catalyze generally proceed under mild conditions and in high stereo- and regioselectivity. Advances in microbiology and genetic engineering have greatly increased the availability of various enzymes. One of the most useful applications of enzyme-catalyzed chemical transformations is in the synthesis of water-soluble, polyfunctional organic molecules such as carbohydrates. As the pivotal roles that carbohydrates play in biological processes become more evident, access to these compounds becomes increasingly important. This review gives a brief overview of the use of aldolases and transketolases in the synthesis of sugars, sugar analogs, and related compounds. </jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        27
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-27T11:45:04Z",
    "timestamp": 1027770304000
  },
  "page": "285-310",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 82,
  "title": "MICROBIAL ALDOLASES AND TRANSKETOLASES: New Biocatalytic Approaches to Simple and Complex Sugars",
  "prefix": "10.1146",
  "volume": "51",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Shuichi",
      "family": "Takayama",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute,  10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037;"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Glenn J.",
      "family": "McGarvey",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute,  10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037;"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Chi-Huey",
      "family": "Wong",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute,  10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037;"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "22",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "b1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01033201"
    },
    {
      "key": "b2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00118a058"
    },
    {
      "key": "b3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0957-4166(00)80224-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "b4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97593-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "b5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00161a064"
    },
    {
      "key": "b6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)80113-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "b7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00184a034"
    },
    {
      "key": "b8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)85332-0"
    },
    {
      "key": "b9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00250a010"
    },
    {
      "key": "b10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3520",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(19)70850-3",
      "volume": "237",
      "author": "Blacklow RS",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/nsb0197-36"
    },
    {
      "key": "b12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96770-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "b13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00208a046"
    },
    {
      "key": "b14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)97257-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00028a050"
    },
    {
      "key": "b16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bi00829a015"
    },
    {
      "key": "b17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0304-4165(66)90499-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00093a018"
    },
    {
      "key": "b19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00114a051"
    },
    {
      "key": "b20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.3891/acta.chem.scand.29b-0081"
    },
    {
      "key": "b21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2529",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(19)76908-7",
      "volume": "235",
      "author": "Comb DG",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "600",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jb.151.2.600-608.1982",
      "volume": "151",
      "author": "Crow VL",
      "year": "1982",
      "journal-title": "J. Bacteriol."
    },
    {
      "key": "b23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)93434-8"
    },
    {
      "key": "b24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Drauz K, Waldmann H. 1995. Formation of carbon-carbon bonds. InEnzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis,B4:547\u2013593. New York: VCH Publ.",
      "DOI": "10.1002/9783527619429"
    },
    {
      "key": "b25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/jmbi.1996.0332"
    },
    {
      "key": "b26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00284a053"
    },
    {
      "key": "b27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00253a004"
    },
    {
      "key": "b28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79121-0"
    },
    {
      "key": "b29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/jlac.1992199201214"
    },
    {
      "key": "b30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.002433"
    },
    {
      "key": "b31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.199516391"
    },
    {
      "key": "b32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79140-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "b33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.199402091"
    },
    {
      "key": "b34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.199105551"
    },
    {
      "key": "b35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00117a016"
    },
    {
      "key": "b36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00105a057"
    },
    {
      "key": "b37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1039/p19920001085"
    },
    {
      "key": "b38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0968-0896(95)00077-T"
    },
    {
      "key": "b39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0076-6879(66)09106-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "b40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3222",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)96518-X",
      "volume": "241",
      "author": "Ghalambor MA",
      "year": "1966",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b41",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/cr950031q"
    },
    {
      "key": "b42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00097a082"
    },
    {
      "key": "b43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00115a038"
    },
    {
      "key": "b44",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00134a001"
    },
    {
      "key": "b45",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0040-4039(95)01483-X"
    },
    {
      "key": "b46",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Heathcock CH. 1991. The aldol reaction: acid and general base catalysis. See Ref. 79a, pp. 133\u2013179",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00027-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Heathcock CH. 1991. The aldol reaction: Group I and Group II enolates. See Ref. 79a, pp. 181\u2013238",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00028-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "b48",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0968-0896(00)82183-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b49",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1039/P19930000165"
    },
    {
      "key": "b50",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-9861(68)90473-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "b51",
      "volume-title": "The Enzymes.",
      "author": "Horecker BL",
      "year": "1975"
    },
    {
      "key": "b52",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1039/np9941100135"
    },
    {
      "key": "b53",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00016a073"
    },
    {
      "key": "b54",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Kim BW, Williams SF, Masamune S. 1991. The aldol reaction: group III enolates. See Ref. 79a, pp. 239\u201375",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00029-9"
    },
    {
      "key": "b55",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00227a031"
    },
    {
      "key": "b56",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00048a023"
    },
    {
      "key": "b57",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1039/P19940000119"
    },
    {
      "key": "b58",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2532",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)69733-9",
      "volume": "234",
      "author": "Levin DH",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b59",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb40589.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "b60",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00036a044"
    },
    {
      "key": "b61",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00044a005"
    },
    {
      "key": "b62",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ar00028a008"
    },
    {
      "key": "b63",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1080/07328309308019397"
    },
    {
      "key": "b64",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/170575a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "b65",
      "first-page": "89",
      "volume": "271",
      "author": "Meyerhof O",
      "year": "1934",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Z."
    },
    {
      "key": "b66",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00044a005"
    },
    {
      "key": "b67",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja960975c"
    },
    {
      "key": "b68",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0957-4166(96)00266-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "b69",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0957-4166(00)80229-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "b70",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00168a058"
    },
    {
      "key": "b71",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Paterson I. 1991. The aldol reaction: transition metal enolates. See Ref. 66a, pp. 301\u201319",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00031-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "b72",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja960274f"
    },
    {
      "key": "b73",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1235",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(19)40001-X",
      "volume": "265",
      "author": "Raetz CRH",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b74",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Rathke MW, Weipert P. 1991. Zinc enolates: the Reformatsky and Blaise reactions. See Ref. 79a, pp. 277\u201399",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00030-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b75",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "635",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jb.141.2.635-644.1980",
      "volume": "141",
      "author": "Ray PH",
      "year": "1980",
      "journal-title": "J. Bacteriol."
    },
    {
      "key": "b76",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0076-6879(82)83047-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "b77",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00285a022"
    },
    {
      "key": "b78",
      "first-page": "83",
      "volume": "53",
      "author": "Schirch L",
      "year": "1982",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Enzymol."
    },
    {
      "key": "b79",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00182a054"
    },
    {
      "key": "b80",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(00)94649-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "b81",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0076-6879(82)89016-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "b82",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja952596+"
    },
    {
      "key": "b83",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "17679",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37096-6",
      "volume": "267",
      "author": "Stover P",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "b84",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00055a008"
    },
    {
      "key": "b85",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0076-6879(66)09108-0"
    },
    {
      "key": "b86",
      "unstructured": "Trost BM, Flemming I, Heathcock CH, eds. 1991. Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Vol. 2. Oxford: Pergamon"
    },
    {
      "key": "b87",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00184a033"
    },
    {
      "key": "b88",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a134863"
    },
    {
      "key": "b89",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00124a037"
    },
    {
      "key": "b90",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/00404-0399(50)09242-"
    },
    {
      "key": "b91",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00193a025"
    },
    {
      "key": "b92",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jb.168.1.437-439.1986"
    },
    {
      "key": "b93",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-4039(96)02121-1"
    },
    {
      "key": "b94",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00127a052"
    },
    {
      "key": "b95",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Wong C-H, Druekhammer DG, Sweers HM. 1988. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of flourosugars. InFluorinated Carbohydrates: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects,ed. NF Taylor, pp. 29\u201342. Washington, DC: Am. Chem. Soc.",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bk-1988-0374.ch003"
    },
    {
      "key": "b96",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00117a003"
    },
    {
      "key": "b97",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.199504121"
    },
    {
      "key": "b98",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00168a023"
    },
    {
      "key": "b99",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0076-6879(91)02028-8"
    },
    {
      "key": "b100",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00167a012"
    },
    {
      "key": "b101",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Wong C-H, Whitesides GM. 1994. C-C bond formation. InEnzymes in Synthetic Organic Chemistry,pp. 195\u2013251. Oxford: Pergamon",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-08-035941-0.50011-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "b102",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.199600881"
    },
    {
      "key": "b103",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00053a051"
    },
    {
      "key": "b104",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/anie.198807161"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Annual Review of Microbiology",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2021,
        10,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2021-10-14T15:18:15Z",
    "timestamp": 1634224695000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        10
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 104,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1997,
          10
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.285",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0066-4227",
    "1545-3251"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Annu. Rev. Microbiol.",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        10
      ]
    ]
  }
}