DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749. CELLULAR RESPONSES TO INTERFERON-γ

10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749

Crossref journal-article

Annual Reviews

Annual Review of Immunology (22)

Abstract

The phytohemagglutinin-induced virus-inhibitor may, however, be produced in white cells in response to a stimulation of cellular RNA synthesis and may be a feedback mechanism for control of RNA synthesis. E. Frederick Wheelock (1965)▪ Abstract Interferons are cytokines that play a complex and central role in the resistance of mammalian hosts to pathogens. Type I interferon (IFN-α and IFN-β) is secreted by virus-infected cells. Immune, type II, or γ-interferon (IFN-γ) is secreted by thymus-derived (T) cells under certain conditions of activation and by natural killer (NK) cells. Although originally defined as an agent with direct antiviral activity, the properties of IFN-γ include regulation of several aspects of the immune response, stimulation of bactericidal activity of phagocytes, stimulation of antigen presentation through class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, orchestration of leukocyte-endothelium interactions, effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the stimulation and repression of a variety of genes whose functional significance remains obscure. The implementation of such a variety of effects by a single cytokine is achieved by complex patterns of cell-specific gene regulation: Several IFN-γ-regulated genes are themselves components of transcription factors. The IFN-γ response is itself regulated by interaction with responses to other cytokines including IFN-α/β, TNF-α, and IL-4. Over 200 genes are now known to be regulated by IFN-γ and they are listed in a World Wide Web document that accompanies this review. However, much of the cellular response to IFN-γ can be described in terms of a set of integrated molecular programs underlying well-defined physiological systems, for example the induction of efficient antigen processing for MHC-mediated antigen presentation, which play clearly defined roles in pathogen resistance. A promising approach to the complexity of the IFN-γ response is to extend the analysis of the less understood IFN-γ-regulated genes in terms of molecular programs functional in pathogen resistance.

Bibliography

Boehm, U., Klamp, T., Groot, M., & Howard, J. C. (1997). CELLULAR RESPONSES TO INTERFERON-Î³. Annual Review of Immunology, 15(1), 749â795.

Authors 4

U. Boehm (first)
T. Klamp (additional)
M. Groot (additional)
J. C. Howard (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 27, 2002, 7:43 a.m.)
Deposited	2 years, 4 months ago (April 23, 2023, 2:46 p.m.)
Indexed	1 day, 12 hours ago (Aug. 27, 2025, 11:47 a.m.)
Issued	28 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1997)
Published	28 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1997)
Published Print	28 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1997)

Funders 0

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BibTeX

@article{Boehm_1997, title={CELLULAR RESPONSES TO INTERFERON-γ}, volume={15}, ISSN={1545-3278}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749}, DOI={10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749}, number={1}, journal={Annual Review of Immunology}, publisher={Annual Reviews}, author={Boehm, U. and Klamp, T. and Groot, M. and Howard, J. C.}, year={1997}, month=apr, pages={749–795} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:p>The phytohemagglutinin-induced virus-inhibitor may, however, be produced in white cells in response to a stimulation of cellular RNA synthesis and may be a feedback mechanism for control of RNA synthesis. E. Frederick Wheelock (1965)</jats:p><jats:p>\u25aa Abstract\u2002 Interferons are cytokines that play a complex and central role in the resistance of mammalian hosts to pathogens. Type I interferon (IFN-\u03b1 and IFN-\u03b2) is secreted by virus-infected cells. Immune, type II, or \u03b3-interferon (IFN-\u03b3) is secreted by thymus-derived (T) cells under certain conditions of activation and by natural killer (NK) cells. Although originally defined as an agent with direct antiviral activity, the properties of IFN-\u03b3 include regulation of several aspects of the immune response, stimulation of bactericidal activity of phagocytes, stimulation of antigen presentation through class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, orchestration of leukocyte-endothelium interactions, effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the stimulation and repression of a variety of genes whose functional significance remains obscure. The implementation of such a variety of effects by a single cytokine is achieved by complex patterns of cell-specific gene regulation: Several IFN-\u03b3-regulated genes are themselves components of transcription factors. The IFN-\u03b3 response is itself regulated by interaction with responses to other cytokines including IFN-\u03b1/\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-4. Over 200 genes are now known to be regulated by IFN-\u03b3 and they are listed in a World Wide Web document that accompanies this review. However, much of the cellular response to IFN-\u03b3 can be described in terms of a set of integrated molecular programs underlying well-defined physiological systems, for example the induction of efficient antigen processing for MHC-mediated antigen presentation, which play clearly defined roles in pathogen resistance. A promising approach to the complexity of the IFN-\u03b3 response is to extend the analysis of the less understood IFN-\u03b3-regulated genes in terms of molecular programs functional in pathogen resistance.</jats:p>",
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