DOI: 10.1139/p65-139. A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS

A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS

10.1139/p65-139

Crossref journal-article

Canadian Science Publishing

Canadian Journal of Physics (155)

Abstract

At low excitation energies a "constant nuclear temperature" representation of nuclear-level densities is used, and at high excitation energies the regular Fermi gas formula is adopted. A method is developed for determining the parameters of the Fermi gas formula by using both the pairing and the shell-correction energies found by Cameron and Elkin for their semiempirical atomic mass formula in its exponential form. This procedure determines level densities at neutron-binding-energy excitations subject to an average factor error of 1.8. Methods are also developed for determining the parameters for the lower-energy formula in such a way that it best fits the lower-energy levels and joins smoothly to the Fermi gas formula. Correlations of the resulting parameters with shell and pairing effects are found. A composite prescription is given for calculating level densities in nuclei for which no experimental information is known. Tables give level density parameters for a wide variety of nuclei for which some experimental information is known. Some of the derivations of the Fermi gas formula in the literature were found to be slightly incorrect, so new derivations are presented in Appendixes.

Bibliography

Gilbert, A., & Cameron, A. G. W. (1965). A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS. Canadian Journal of Physics, 43(8), 1446â1496.

Authors 2

A. Gilbert (first)
A. G. W. Cameron (additional)

References 166 Referenced 2,209

10.1016/0029-5582(63)90568-6 / Nucl. Phys. by ALEXANDER P. (1963)
ALLAS,R. G., VONEHREXSTEIN,D., MEYER-SCHUTZMEISTER, L., and \\SIEIN>IAN, J . A. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, 48, NA7.
ALLAS,R. G., MEYER-SCHUTZIIEISTER, L., and VONEHRENSTEIN,D. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. SOC.9, 553, X6.
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90445-5 / Nucl. Phys. by ANDERSON J. D. (1962)
ARNELL,S. E. and PERSSON,P. P. 1964. i\rl;iv Fysik, 26, 103.
{'key': 'p_6/p_6_1', 'first-page': '319', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'ARNELL S. E.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Letters'} / Letters by ARNELL S. E. (1964)
{'key': 'p_7/p_7_1', 'first-page': '1817', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'ARTNA A.', 'year': '1961', 'journal-title': 'Phys.'} / Phys. by ARTNA A. (1961)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90560-1 / Nucl. Phys. by ASPINALL A (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.120.2072 / Phys. Rev. by AUGUST L. S. (1960)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90347-X / Nucl. Phys. by BABA C. V. (1963)
BAcIcsTRoar, G. and MAIIKLuND, J . 1960. Arkiv Fysik, 17, 393.
{'key': 'p_12/p_12_1', 'first-page': '239', 'volume': '28', 'author': 'BADALOV N. B.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'S. S. S. R.'} / S. S. S. R. by BADALOV N. B. (1964)
{'key': 'p_13/p_13_1', 'first-page': '1053', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'BARANOV S. A.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'J E T P'} / J E T P by BARANOV S. A. (1962)
{'key': 'p_14/p_14_1', 'first-page': '1232', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'BARANOV S. A.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Soviet Phys. J E T P'} / Soviet Phys. J E T P by BARANOV S. A. (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90483-8 / Nucl. Phys. by BARANOV S. A. (1963)
{'key': 'p_16/p_16_1', 'first-page': '562', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'BARANOV S. A..', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'JETP'} / JETP by BARANOV S. A.. (1963)
{'key': 'p_17/p_17_1', 'first-page': '289', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'BASKOVA A.', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'J E T P'} / J E T P by BASKOVA A. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.130.309 / Phys. Rev. by BENEVISTE J. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90238-X / Nucl. Phys. by BERTELSEN U. (1964)
10.1103/PhysRev.50.332 / Phys. Rev. by BETHE H. A. (1936)
10.1016/0003-4916(61)90063-X / Ann. Phys. by BILPUCH E. G. (1961)
BJERREG-IARD, J. I-I., DAHL,P. F., HANSEN,O., and SIDENIUS,G. 1964. Nucl. Phys. 51, A d 1 -*- (10.1016/0029-5582(64)90301-3)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90073-1 / Nucl. Phys. by BJORNHOLJI S. (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90750-8 / Nucl. Phys. by BJORNHOL I, S (1963)
BORN,P., BOBELDIJK, C., OOST,W. A, and BLOK,J. 1963. Physica, 29, 277. (10.1016/S0031-8914(63)80288-8)
10.1103/PhysRev.134.B740 / Phys. Rev. by BORNHEI IER (1964)
10.1016/0003-4916(62)90035-0 / Ann. Phys. by BOW IAN (1962)
{'key': 'p_29/p_29_1', 'first-page': '2', 'volume': '130', 'author': 'BOWJIAN C. D..', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Phvs. Rev.'} / Phvs. Rev. by BOWJIAN C. D.. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.125.1323 / Phys. Rev. by BRASDHORST H. (1962)
10.1103/PhysRev.129.765 / Phys. Rev. by BRENNER M. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.130.1914 / Phys. Rev. by BROEK V. (1963)
10.1139/p58-112 / Can. J. Phys. by CA ERON (1958)
{'key': 'p_34/p_34_1', 'first-page': '1288', 'volume': '43', 'author': 'CAMERON A. G.', 'year': '1965', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys.'} / J. Phys. by CAMERON A. G. (1965)
CARPENTER. R. T. 1962. Arcronne Natl. Lab. R e t.ANL-6589.
{'key': 'p_36/p_36_1', 'first-page': '119', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'CHANDRA AGDE', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Phys.'} / Phys. by CHANDRA AGDE (1963)
CHANDRASEICHAR, S. 1957. An introduction to the study of stellar structure (Dover, New Yorlc).
10.1103/PhysRev.129.2152 / Phys. Rev. by CLINE J. E. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.121.1441 / Phys. Rev. by COHEN B. I (1961)
10.1051/jphysrad:019610022010071900 / Phys. Radium by CORGE C. (1961)
10.1051/jphysrad:019610022010072400 / Phys. Radium by CORGE C. (1961)
10.1103/PhysRev.134.B1281 / Phys. Rev. by COT (1964)
{'key': 'p_43/p_43_1', 'first-page': 'R104i', 'volume': '134', 'author': 'COT', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Phys. Rev.'} / Phys. Rev. by COT (1964)
COURANT.I< and HILBERT.D. 1953. Methods of mathematical hvsics.\Jol. I (Inter- science, New York).
DASILVA,A. G. 1961. Mass. Inst. Technol. MIT-LNS Progr. Rept. 123.
10.1103/PhysRev.132.1673 / Phys. Rev. by DAMEROW R. A. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90801-0 / Nucl. Phys. by DAUM C. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.120.2214 / Phys. Rev. by DESJARDINS J. S. (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.134.B705 / Phys. Rev. by DEVARE S. H. (1964)
10.1103/PhysRev.132.1190 / Phys. Rev. by DICKENS J. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.132.2600 / Phys. Rev. by DOSTROVSICY J. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(60)90253-4 / Nucl. Phys. by DRAPER J. E. (1960)
DUBOIS,J. and MARIPUU,S. 1963. Arkiv Fysik, 24, 127. (10.1097/00000542-196301000-00036)
{'key': 'p_54/p_54_1', 'first-page': '937', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'DZHELEPOV B. S.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'JETP'} / JETP by DZHELEPOV B. S. (1964)
ECCLLS,S. F. 1962. Physica, 28, 251. (10.1016/0031-8914(62)90043-5)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90150-5 / Nucl. Phys. by EICHLER E. (1962)
10.1103/PhysRev.129.2597 / Phys. Rev. by EMERY G. T. (1963)
{'key': 'p_58/p_58_1', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'ENDT P. M.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Phys.'} / Phys. by ENDT P. M. (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(59)90291-3 / Nucl. Phys. by ERICSON T. (1959)
ERSKINE,J. R. 1 9 6 4 . Phys. Rev. 135, 13110. 1964b. Argonne Natl. Lab. Rept. ANL-6848, 86.
10.1103/PhysRev.135.B591 / Phys. Rev. by FAESSLER A. (1964)
{'key': 'p_62/p_62_1', 'first-page': '36', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'FETTWEIS P.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Letters'} / Letters by FETTWEIS P. (1962)
FUKETA,T., KHAN,F. A., and HARVEY,J. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL3268, 36.
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90163-4 / Nucl. Phys. by FUNKE L. (1964)
{'key': 'p_65/p_65_1', 'first-page': '13985', 'volume': '134', 'author': 'GARG J. B.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Phys. Rev.'} / Phys. Rev. by GARG J. B. (1964)
{'key': 'p_66/p_66_1', 'first-page': '1248', 'volume': '43', 'author': 'GILBERT A.', 'year': '1965', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys.'} / J. Phys. by GILBERT A. (1965)
{'key': 'p_67/p_67_1', 'first-page': '499', 'volume': '5', 'author': 'GOOD W. M.', 'year': '1960', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Am. Phys. Soc.'} / Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. by GOOD W. M. (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.134.B297 / Phys. Rev. by GOPINATHAN K. P. (1964)
GRAAAII,R. L., GEIGER,J. S., NAUIIANX,R. A., and PROSPERO,J. M. 1962. Can. J. Phys. 40. 296. (10.1139/p62-029)
GRIESACKER, P. B. and ROY,R. R. 1964. hTucl.Phys. 50, 41. (10.1016/0029-5582(64)90191-9)
10.1016/0029-5582(60)90463-6 / Nucl. Phys. by GRIGORIEV E . (1959)
{'key': 'p_72/p_72_1', 'first-page': '195', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'GROMOV Y.', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Naulc S. S. S. R.'} / Naulc S. S. S. R. by GROMOV Y. (1963)
GROSHEV,L. V., DEMIDOV, A. M., LUTSENKO, \I. N., and PELEICIIOV,V. I. 1962. IZV. Akad. NauB S.S.S.R. 26. 979.
{'key': 'p_74/p_74_1', 'first-page': '455', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'HADDAD E.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Phys. Soc.'} / Bull. Phys. Soc. by HADDAD E. (1962)
HAMILTON, J. H. and BOYD,H. LV. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 485 JA16.
10.1016/0029-5582(61)91041-0 / Nucl. Phys. by HANSEN (1961)
10.1112/plms/s2-17.1.75 / London Math. Soc. by HARDY G. (1918)
HARMATZ. B. HANDLEY.T. H. and MICHELICII.1. LV. " 1960. Phvs. Rev. 119. 348. (10.1103/PhysRev.119.1345)
10.1103/PhysRev.128.1186 / Phys. Rev. by HARMATZ B.. (1962)
10.1103/PhysRev.114.179 / Phys. Rev. by HIBDON C. T. (1959)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90283-4 / Nucl. Phys. by HINDS S. (1964)
10.1103/PhysRev.135.B920 / Phvs. Rev. by HTORTH S. A. (1964)
H G I I E S, D. H., M A G U R P O ,B. A. and B R S S E L ,M. I< 1960. Brookhaven Natl. Lab. Rept. BNL-325.
10.1103/PhysRev.120.1305 / Phys. Rev. by HUIZENGA J. R. (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.124.1518 / Phys. Rev. by IICEGAMI H. (1961)
10.1103/PhysRev.131.2153 / Phys. Rev. by JACKSON H. E. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.124.1142 / Phvs. Rev. by TACKSON H. E . (1961)
A N E C K E , J . 1963. N u c .phy; 48, i29.
10.1103/PhysRev.86.907 / Phys. Rcv. by JENSEN J . (1952)
10.1016/0029-5582(60)90271-6 / Nucl. Phys. by TENSEN B. S. (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.129.1737 / Phys. Rev. by OHNSON N. R. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.128.2292 / Phys. Rev. by JOLLY R. (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90694-7 / Nucl. Phvs. by TOSHI M. C.. (1964)
JULIEN,J., HUYNH,V. D., MORGENSTBRN, J., and NETTER,F. 19626. Conpt.Rend. 254, 4 1 t i A .
{'key': 'p_96/p_96_1', 'first-page': '67', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'JULIEN J.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Letters'} / Letters by JULIEN J. (1962)
I<ASHY,E. 1961. Mass. Inst. Technol. NIT-LNS Progr. Rcpt. 121.
10.1103/PhysRev.129.769 / Phvs. Rev. by EISCH B. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.133.B25 / Phys. Rev. by ENEFICIC R. A. (1964)
I<HAN,I: A. and HARVEY,1. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORSL-3268, 52.
{'key': 'p_102/p_102_1', 'first-page': '138', 'volume': '5', 'author': 'IN H. J.', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Letters'} / Letters by IN H. J. (1963)
KIM, H. J., BIGGERSTOFF, J. A., and GOOD,W. M. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, 556 I<1.
KIRK.F. W. I< LYNN.1. E. and MOXON.NI. C. 1963. Proc. Phvs. Soc. 83. 477. (10.1088/0370-1328/82/4/301)
ICLINCENBERG,P. F. A.d 1952. Rev. o d.Phys. 24, 63. (10.1103/RevModPhys.24.63)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90399-2 / Nucl. Phys. by OIICE I. (1964)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90726-5 / Nucl. Phys. by ONIG L. A (1962)
IRISTENSEN, L., JORGEXSEN, M., NIELSEN,0. B., and SIDENIUS,G. 1964. Ph].s. Letters, 8, e v c r d l , Ul.
{'key': 'p_109/p_109_1', 'first-page': '1538', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'UROYANAGI T .', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys. Soc. Japan'} / J. Phys. Soc. Japan by UROYANAGI T . (1963)
{'key': 'p_110/p_110_1', 'first-page': 'G10', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'TR PUCA', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Am. i>hys. S C.'} / Bull. Am. i>hys. S C. by TR PUCA (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(61)90101-8 / Nucl. Phys. by LANG D. W. (1961)
10.1088/0370-1298/67/7/303 / Proc. Phys. Soc. by LANG J. M. (1954)
LARIC,N. I, GOUDSIIIT,P. F. A., JANSEN,J. F. IV., OBERSICI,J. E. J., and 1962. hTucl.Phys. 35, 582. (10.1016/0029-5582(62)90146-3)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90727-2 / Nucl. Phvs. by LASSEN N. (1963)
LEDERER, C. &I. 1963. n i v .Calif. Rad. Lab. UCRL-11028.
10.1103/PhysRev.134.B322 / Phys. Rev. by LEWIS H. R. (1964)
{'key': 'p_117/p_117_1', 'first-page': '85', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'LOBKOWICZ B.', 'year': '1961', 'journal-title': 'Helv. Phys. Acta'} / Helv. Phys. Acta by LOBKOWICZ B. (1961)
{'key': 'p_118/p_118_1', 'first-page': '221', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'MALYSHEV A. V.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'J E T P'} / J E T P by MALYSHEV A. V. (1964)
MANCUSO,R. V. and ARNS,R. G. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 497 I<A7.
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90584-4 / Nucl. Phys. by MATHE G. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90548-5 / Nucl. Phys. by MATSUDA (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(60)90106-1 / Nucl. Phys. by MCCALLUAI G. J. (1960)
{'key': 'p_123/p_123_1', 'first-page': 'N5', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'MCNALLY J. H.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Am. Phys. Soc.'} / Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. by MCNALLY J. H. (1964)
10.1088/0370-1328/74/6/305 / Proc. Phys. Soc. by MEADES R. E. (1959)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90181-0 / Nucl. Phys. by MICHAELIS W. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90229-8 / Nucl. Phys. by MIDDLETON R. (1962)
MILLER,P. D., GIBBONS,J. H., GOOD, W. M., and NEILER,J. H. 1959. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-2718, 22.
I O N A R O , S., VINGIANI,G. B., and VANLIESHOUT,R. 1962. Physica, 28, 52. (10.1016/0031-8914(62)90091-5)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90645-5 / Nucl. Phys. by MOSIALEV S. S. (1964)
MCENZER,H., NISHIMURA,I< and GOOD,W. M. 1960. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3085, 37.
MUGHABGHAB, S. 1964. Private communication.
10.1103/PhysRev.135.B601 / Phys. Rev. by NAINAN T. D. (1964)
10.1016/0003-4916(61)90061-6 / Ann. Phvs. by NEWSON H. W. (1961)
{'key': 'p_134/p_134_1', 'first-page': '804', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'NEWTON T-D', 'year': '1956', 'journal-title': 'P .'} / P . by NEWTON T-D (1956)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90464-9 / Nucl. Phys. by NOZAWA M. (1962)
PATTENDEN, N. J. and HARVEY,J. A. 1961. Kingston Conf. on hTuclearStructure, 882.
PATTERSON, J. R. and HARVEY,J. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. OIiNL-3268, 47.
PERSSON.L. 1963. Arltiv Fvsik. 24. 89. (10.1016/0003-4916(63)90066-6)
REDDY,I< R., JOHNSTON, A. S . and J'HA,S. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 17 BB2.
10.1051/jphys:019630024011098701 / Phys. (Paris) by RIBON P. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.132.1662 / Phys. Rev. by RIES R. R. (1963)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90804-6 / Nucl. Phys. by RISTINEN R. A (1963)
ROBINSON,R. L., WICGOWAN, F. K., and STELSON,R. H. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, A n R 5 ".
RUSSELL,J. E. and HOCKENBERTY, W. T. 1963. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3435, 64.
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90073-7 / Nucl. Phys. by SCHWERDTFEGER C. F. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.128.761 / Phys. Rev. by L. (1962)
{'key': 'p_147/p_147_1', 'first-page': '36712', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'SENGUPTA A.', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Nucl. Sci. Abstr.'} / Nucl. Sci. Abstr. by SENGUPTA A. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.125.2071 / Phys. Rev. by DEVARE S. H. (1962)
{'key': 'p_149/p_149_1', 'first-page': '13730', 'volume': '134', 'author': 'SHARAIA R. P.', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Phvs. Rev.'} / Phvs. Rev. by SHARAIA R. P. (1964)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90174-8 / Nucl. Phvs. by SHELINE R. (1962)
SHELTON.W. N. and SHELINE. R. I< 1964. Phvs. e v.133. B624. (10.1103/PhysRev.133.B624)
SIMP SON,'^. D. and MOORE,M. S. 1961. h s . e v . 123, 559.
Sarpsoiv,F. B. 1964. Private communication.
SLAUGHTER, G. G., HARVEY,J. A., and BLOCI,R. C. 1960. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3085, 42.
10.1103/PhysRev.131.351 / Phys. Rev. by SMITH W. G. (1963)
10.1103/PhysRev.124.183 / Phvs. Rev. by SYITHER R. (1961)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90435-3 / Nucl. Phvs. by SONNINO (1964)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.10.58 / Rev. Letters by STRCBLE G. L. (1963)
{'key': 'p_159/p_159_1', 'first-page': '354', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'TAKAHASHI', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys. Soc. Japan'} / J. Phys. Soc. Japan by TAKAHASHI (1962)
10.1016/0029-5582(64)90628-5 / Nucl. Phys. by TWIN P. J. (1964)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90756-3 / Nucl. Phys. by VALENTIN T. (1962)
{'key': 'p_162/p_162_1', 'first-page': '1313', 'volume': '120', 'author': 'HU-IZENGA J. R.', 'year': '1960', 'journal-title': 'Rev.'} / Rev. by HU-IZENGA J. R. (1960)
10.1016/0029-5582(63)90159-7 / Nucl. Phvs. by VEGORS S. H.. (1963)
VERGNES,M. i n d SHELINE; Ti. K.' 1963. Phy&Rev. 132, 1736. (10.1103/PhysRev.132.1736)
VERHEUL,H., BLOK,J., BODDENDIJK, H. G., and DULFER,G. H. 1964. Physica, 30, 877. (10.1016/0031-8914(64)90130-2)
10.1016/0029-5582(62)90109-8 / Nucl. Phys. by WALEN R. J.. (1962)
WAY,I< ARTNA,A., CHIAO,L. W., EWBANIC, W. B., FULLER,G. H., GOVE,N. B., MARTIN, M. J., NAKASIMA, R., and OGATA,H. 1964. Nuclear Data Sheets.
10.1103/PhysRev.124.527 / Phys. Rev. by WEST H. J. (1961)
{'key': 'p_169/p_169_1', 'first-page': 'G55', 'volume': '125', 'author': 'VILSON R. R.', 'year': '1962', 'journal-title': 'Phys. Rev.'} / Phys. Rev. by VILSON R. R. (1962)

Dates

Type	When
Created	14 years, 4 months ago (April 24, 2011, 3:43 a.m.)
Deposited	2 months ago (July 2, 2025, 10:30 a.m.)
Indexed	39 minutes ago (Sept. 4, 2025, 1:19 a.m.)
Issued	60 years, 1 month ago (Aug. 1, 1965)
Published	60 years, 1 month ago (Aug. 1, 1965)
Published Print	60 years, 1 month ago (Aug. 1, 1965)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Gilbert_1965, title={A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS}, volume={43}, ISSN={1208-6045}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p65-139}, DOI={10.1139/p65-139}, number={8}, journal={Canadian Journal of Physics}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Gilbert, A. and Cameron, A. G. W.}, year={1965}, month=aug, pages={1446–1496} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        9,
        4
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-09-04T05:19:55Z",
    "timestamp": 1756963195958,
    "version": "3.41.0"
  },
  "reference-count": 166,
  "publisher": "Canadian Science Publishing",
  "issue": "8",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1965,
            8,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1965-08-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": -139449600000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1965,
        8,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p> At low excitation energies a \"constant nuclear temperature\" representation of nuclear-level densities is used, and at high excitation energies the regular Fermi gas formula is adopted. A method is developed for determining the parameters of the Fermi gas formula by using both the pairing and the shell-correction energies found by Cameron and Elkin for their semiempirical atomic mass formula in its exponential form. This procedure determines level densities at neutron-binding-energy excitations subject to an average factor error of 1.8. Methods are also developed for determining the parameters for the lower-energy formula in such a way that it best fits the lower-energy levels and joins smoothly to the Fermi gas formula. Correlations of the resulting parameters with shell and pairing effects are found. A composite prescription is given for calculating level densities in nuclei for which no experimental information is known. Tables give level density parameters for a wide variety of nuclei for which some experimental information is known. Some of the derivations of the Fermi gas formula in the literature were found to be slightly incorrect, so new derivations are presented in Appendixes. </jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1139/p65-139",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        4,
        24
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2011-04-24T07:43:02Z",
    "timestamp": 1303630982000
  },
  "page": "1446-1496",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 2209,
  "title": "A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS",
  "prefix": "10.1139",
  "volume": "43",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "A.",
      "family": "Gilbert",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "A. G. W.",
      "family": "Cameron",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "155",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "p_1/p_1_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "108",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90568-6",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "ALEXANDER P.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_2/p_2_1",
      "unstructured": "ALLAS,R. G., VONEHREXSTEIN,D., MEYER-SCHUTZMEISTER, L., and \\\\SIEIN>IAN, J . A. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, 48, NA7."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_3/p_3_1",
      "unstructured": "ALLAS,R. G., MEYER-SCHUTZIIEISTER, L., and VONEHRENSTEIN,D. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. SOC.9, 553, X6."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_4/p_4_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "161",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90445-5",
      "volume": "36",
      "author": "ANDERSON J. D.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_5/p_5_1",
      "unstructured": "ARNELL,S. E. and PERSSON,P. P. 1964. i\\rl;iv Fysik, 26, 103."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_6/p_6_1",
      "first-page": "319",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "ARNELL S. E.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_7/p_7_1",
      "first-page": "1817",
      "volume": "39",
      "author": "ARTNA A.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_8/p_8_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "33",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90560-1",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "ASPINALL A",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_9/p_9_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2072",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.120.2072",
      "volume": "120",
      "author": "AUGUST L. S.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_10/p_10_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "264",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90347-X",
      "volume": "43",
      "author": "BABA C. V.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_11/p_11_1",
      "unstructured": "BAcIcsTRoar, G. and MAIIKLuND, J . 1960. Arkiv Fysik, 17, 393."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_12/p_12_1",
      "first-page": "239",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "BADALOV N. B.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "S. S. S. R."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_13/p_13_1",
      "first-page": "1053",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "BARANOV S. A.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "J E T P"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_14/p_14_1",
      "first-page": "1232",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "BARANOV S. A.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Soviet Phys. J E T P"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_15/p_15_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "95",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90483-8",
      "volume": "41",
      "author": "BARANOV S. A.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_16/p_16_1",
      "first-page": "562",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "BARANOV S. A..",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "JETP"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_17/p_17_1",
      "first-page": "289",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "BASKOVA A.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J E T P"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_19/p_19_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "309",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.130.309",
      "volume": "130",
      "author": "BENEVISTE J.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_20/p_20_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "657",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90238-X",
      "volume": "50",
      "author": "BERTELSEN U.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_21/p_21_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "332",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.50.332",
      "volume": "50",
      "author": "BETHE H. A.",
      "year": "1936",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_22/p_22_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "387",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-4916(61)90063-X",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "BILPUCH E. G.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Ann. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_23/p_23_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "BJERREG-IARD, J. I-I., DAHL,P. F., HANSEN,O., and SIDENIUS,G. 1964. Nucl. Phys. 51, A d 1 -*-",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90301-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_24/p_24_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "488",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90073-1",
      "volume": "30",
      "author": "BJORNHOLJI S.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_25/p_25_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "469",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90750-8",
      "volume": "42",
      "author": "BJORNHOL I, S",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_26/p_26_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "BORN,P., BOBELDIJK, C., OOST,W. A, and BLOK,J. 1963. Physica, 29, 277.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0031-8914(63)80288-8"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_27/p_27_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B740",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.134.B740",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "BORNHEI IER",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_28/p_28_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "319",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-4916(62)90035-0",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "BOW IAN",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Ann. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_29/p_29_1",
      "first-page": "2",
      "volume": "130",
      "author": "BOWJIAN C. D..",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_30/p_30_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1323",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.125.1323",
      "volume": "125",
      "author": "BRASDHORST H.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_31/p_31_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "765",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.129.765",
      "volume": "129",
      "author": "BRENNER M.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_32/p_32_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1914",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.130.1914",
      "volume": "130",
      "author": "BROEK V.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_33/p_33_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1040",
      "DOI": "10.1139/p58-112",
      "volume": "36",
      "author": "CA ERON",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Can. J. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_34/p_34_1",
      "first-page": "1288",
      "volume": "43",
      "author": "CAMERON A. G.",
      "year": "1965",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_35/p_35_1",
      "unstructured": "CARPENTER. R. T. 1962. Arcronne Natl. Lab. R e t.ANL-6589."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_36/p_36_1",
      "first-page": "119",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "CHANDRA AGDE",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_37/p_37_1",
      "unstructured": "CHANDRASEICHAR, S. 1957. An introduction to the study of stellar structure (Dover, New Yorlc)."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_38/p_38_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2152",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.129.2152",
      "volume": "129",
      "author": "CLINE J. E.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_39/p_39_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1441",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.121.1441",
      "volume": "121",
      "author": "COHEN B. I",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_40/p_40_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "719",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphysrad:019610022010071900",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "CORGE C.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Radium"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_41/p_41_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "724",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphysrad:019610022010072400",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "CORGE C.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Radium"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_42/p_42_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B1281",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.134.B1281",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "COT",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_43/p_43_1",
      "first-page": "R104i",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "COT",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_44/p_44_1",
      "unstructured": "COURANT.I< and HILBERT.D. 1953. Methods of mathematical hvsics.\\Jol. I (Inter- science, New York)."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_45/p_45_1",
      "unstructured": "DASILVA,A. G. 1961. Mass. Inst. Technol. MIT-LNS Progr. Rept. 123."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_46/p_46_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1673",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.132.1673",
      "volume": "132",
      "author": "DAMEROW R. A.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_47/p_47_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "273",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90801-0",
      "volume": "45",
      "author": "DAUM C.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_48/p_48_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2214",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.120.2214",
      "volume": "120",
      "author": "DESJARDINS J. S.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_49/p_49_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B705",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.134.B705",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "DEVARE S. H.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_50/p_50_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1190",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.132.1190",
      "volume": "132",
      "author": "DICKENS J.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_51/p_51_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2600",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.132.2600",
      "volume": "132",
      "author": "DOSTROVSICY J.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_52/p_52_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "436",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(60)90253-4",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "DRAPER J. E.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_53/p_53_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "DUBOIS,J. and MARIPUU,S. 1963. Arkiv Fysik, 24, 127.",
      "DOI": "10.1097/00000542-196301000-00036"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_54/p_54_1",
      "first-page": "937",
      "volume": "18",
      "author": "DZHELEPOV B. S.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "JETP"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_55/p_55_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "ECCLLS,S. F. 1962. Physica, 28, 251.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0031-8914(62)90043-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_56/p_56_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "625",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90150-5",
      "volume": "35",
      "author": "EICHLER E.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_57/p_57_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2597",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.129.2597",
      "volume": "129",
      "author": "EMERY G. T.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_58/p_58_1",
      "first-page": "1",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "ENDT P. M.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_59/p_59_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "481",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(59)90291-3",
      "volume": "11",
      "author": "ERICSON T.",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_60/p_60_1",
      "unstructured": "ERSKINE,J. R. 1 9 6 4 . Phys. Rev. 135, 13110. 1964b. Argonne Natl. Lab. Rept. ANL-6848, 86."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_61/p_61_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "13591",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.135.B591",
      "volume": "135",
      "author": "FAESSLER A.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_62/p_62_1",
      "first-page": "36",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "FETTWEIS P.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_63/p_63_1",
      "unstructured": "FUKETA,T., KHAN,F. A., and HARVEY,J. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL3268, 36."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_64/p_64_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "401",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90163-4",
      "volume": "55",
      "author": "FUNKE L.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_65/p_65_1",
      "first-page": "13985",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "GARG J. B.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_66/p_66_1",
      "first-page": "1248",
      "volume": "43",
      "author": "GILBERT A.",
      "year": "1965",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_67/p_67_1",
      "first-page": "499",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "GOOD W. M.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Bull. Am. Phys. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_68/p_68_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B297",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.134.B297",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "GOPINATHAN K. P.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_69/p_69_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "GRAAAII,R. L., GEIGER,J. S., NAUIIANX,R. A., and PROSPERO,J. M. 1962. Can. J. Phys. 40. 296.",
      "DOI": "10.1139/p62-029"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_70/p_70_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "GRIESACKER, P. B. and ROY,R. R. 1964. hTucl.Phys. 50, 41.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90191-9"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_71/p_71_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "443",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(60)90463-6",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "GRIGORIEV E .",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_72/p_72_1",
      "first-page": "195",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "GROMOV Y.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Naulc S. S. S. R."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_73/p_73_1",
      "unstructured": "GROSHEV,L. V., DEMIDOV, A. M., LUTSENKO, \\I. N., and PELEICIIOV,V. I. 1962. IZV. Akad. NauB S.S.S.R. 26. 979."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_74/p_74_1",
      "first-page": "455",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "HADDAD E.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Bull. Phys. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_75/p_75_1",
      "unstructured": "HAMILTON, J. H. and BOYD,H. LV. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 485 JA16."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_76/p_76_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "140",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(61)91041-0",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "HANSEN",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_77/p_77_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "75",
      "DOI": "10.1112/plms/s2-17.1.75",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "HARDY G.",
      "year": "1918",
      "journal-title": "London Math. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_78/p_78_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "HARMATZ. B. HANDLEY.T. H. and MICHELICII.1. LV. \" 1960. Phvs. Rev. 119. 348.",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.119.1345"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_79/p_79_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1186",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.128.1186",
      "volume": "128",
      "author": "HARMATZ B..",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_80/p_80_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "179",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.114.179",
      "volume": "114",
      "author": "HIBDON C. T.",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_81/p_81_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "427",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90283-4",
      "volume": "51",
      "author": "HINDS S.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_82/p_82_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B920",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.135.B920",
      "volume": "135",
      "author": "HTORTH S. A.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_83/p_83_1",
      "unstructured": "H G I I E S, D. H., M A G U R P O ,B. A. and B R S S E L ,M. I< 1960. Brookhaven Natl. Lab. Rept. BNL-325."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_84/p_84_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1305",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.120.1305",
      "volume": "120",
      "author": "HUIZENGA J. R.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_85/p_85_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1518",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.124.1518",
      "volume": "124",
      "author": "IICEGAMI H.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_86/p_86_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2153",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.131.2153",
      "volume": "131",
      "author": "JACKSON H. E.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_87/p_87_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1142",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.124.1142",
      "volume": "124",
      "author": "TACKSON H. E .",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_88/p_88_1",
      "unstructured": "A N E C K E , J . 1963. N u c .phy; 48, i29."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_89/p_89_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "907",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.86.907",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "JENSEN J .",
      "year": "1952",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rcv."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_90/p_90_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "654",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(60)90271-6",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "TENSEN B. S.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_91/p_91_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1737",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.129.1737",
      "volume": "129",
      "author": "OHNSON N. R.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_92/p_92_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2292",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.128.2292",
      "volume": "128",
      "author": "JOLLY R.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_93/p_93_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "301",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90694-7",
      "volume": "52",
      "author": "TOSHI M. C..",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_95/p_95_1",
      "unstructured": "JULIEN,J., HUYNH,V. D., MORGENSTBRN, J., and NETTER,F. 19626. Conpt.Rend. 254, 4 1 t i A ."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_96/p_96_1",
      "first-page": "67",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "JULIEN J.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_97/p_97_1",
      "unstructured": "I<ASHY,E. 1961. Mass. Inst. Technol. NIT-LNS Progr. Rcpt. 121."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_98/p_98_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "769",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.129.769",
      "volume": "129",
      "author": "EISCH B.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_100/p_100_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B25",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.133.B25",
      "volume": "133",
      "author": "ENEFICIC R. A.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_101/p_101_1",
      "unstructured": "I<HAN,I: A. and HARVEY,1. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORSL-3268, 52."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_102/p_102_1",
      "first-page": "138",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "IN H. J.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_103/p_103_1",
      "unstructured": "KIM, H. J., BIGGERSTOFF, J. A., and GOOD,W. M. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, 556 I<1."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_104/p_104_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "KIRK.F. W. I< LYNN.1. E. and MOXON.NI. C. 1963. Proc. Phvs. Soc. 83. 477.",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0370-1328/82/4/301"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_105/p_105_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "ICLINCENBERG,P. F. A.d 1952. Rev. o d.Phys. 24, 63.",
      "DOI": "10.1103/RevModPhys.24.63"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_106/p_106_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "129",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90399-2",
      "volume": "54",
      "author": "OIICE I.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_107/p_107_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "18",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90726-5",
      "volume": "31",
      "author": "ONIG L. A",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_108/p_108_1",
      "unstructured": "IRISTENSEN, L., JORGEXSEN, M., NIELSEN,0. B., and SIDENIUS,G. 1964. Ph].s. Letters, 8, e v c r d l , Ul."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_109/p_109_1",
      "first-page": "1538",
      "volume": "18",
      "author": "UROYANAGI T .",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Soc. Japan"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_110/p_110_1",
      "first-page": "G10",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "TR PUCA",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Bull. Am. i>hys. S C."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_111/p_111_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "434",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(61)90101-8",
      "volume": "26",
      "author": "LANG D. W.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_112/p_112_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "586",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0370-1298/67/7/303",
      "volume": "67",
      "author": "LANG J. M.",
      "year": "1954",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Phys. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_113/p_113_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "LARIC,N. I, GOUDSIIIT,P. F. A., JANSEN,J. F. IV., OBERSICI,J. E. J., and 1962. hTucl.Phys. 35, 582.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90146-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_114/p_114_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "183",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90727-2",
      "volume": "42",
      "author": "LASSEN N.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_115/p_115_1",
      "unstructured": "LEDERER, C. &I. 1963. n i v .Calif. Rad. Lab. UCRL-11028."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_116/p_116_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "B322",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.134.B322",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "LEWIS H. R.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_117/p_117_1",
      "first-page": "85",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "LOBKOWICZ B.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Helv. Phys. Acta"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_118/p_118_1",
      "first-page": "221",
      "volume": "18",
      "author": "MALYSHEV A. V.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "J E T P"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_119/p_119_1",
      "unstructured": "MANCUSO,R. V. and ARNS,R. G. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 497 I<A7."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_120/p_120_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "236",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90584-4",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "MATHE G.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_121/p_121_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "536",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90548-5",
      "volume": "33",
      "author": "MATSUDA",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_122/p_122_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "116",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(60)90106-1",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "MCCALLUAI G. J.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_123/p_123_1",
      "first-page": "N5",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "MCNALLY J. H.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Bull. Am. Phys. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_124/p_124_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "693",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0370-1328/74/6/305",
      "volume": "74",
      "author": "MEADES R. E.",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Phys. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_125/p_125_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "422",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90181-0",
      "volume": "48",
      "author": "MICHAELIS W.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_126/p_126_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "404",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90229-8",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "MIDDLETON R.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_127/p_127_1",
      "unstructured": "MILLER,P. D., GIBBONS,J. H., GOOD, W. M., and NEILER,J. H. 1959. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-2718, 22."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_128/p_128_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "I O N A R O , S., VINGIANI,G. B., and VANLIESHOUT,R. 1962. Physica, 28, 52.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0031-8914(62)90091-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_129/p_129_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "667",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90645-5",
      "volume": "53",
      "author": "MOSIALEV S. S.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_130/p_130_1",
      "unstructured": "MCENZER,H., NISHIMURA,I< and GOOD,W. M. 1960. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3085, 37."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_131/p_131_1",
      "unstructured": "MUGHABGHAB, S. 1964. Private communication."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_132/p_132_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "13601",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.135.B601",
      "volume": "135",
      "author": "NAINAN T. D.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_133/p_133_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "346",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-4916(61)90061-6",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "NEWSON H. W.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Ann. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_134/p_134_1",
      "first-page": "804",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "NEWTON T-D",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "P ."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_135/p_135_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "411",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90464-9",
      "volume": "36",
      "author": "NOZAWA M.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_136/p_136_1",
      "unstructured": "PATTENDEN, N. J. and HARVEY,J. A. 1961. Kingston Conf. on hTuclearStructure, 882."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_137/p_137_1",
      "unstructured": "PATTERSON, J. R. and HARVEY,J. A. 1962. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. OIiNL-3268, 47."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_138/p_138_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "PERSSON.L. 1963. Arltiv Fvsik. 24. 89.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-4916(63)90066-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_139/p_139_1",
      "unstructured": "REDDY,I< R., JOHNSTON, A. S . and J'HA,S. 1964. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 17 BB2."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_140/p_140_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "987",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphys:019630024011098701",
      "volume": "24",
      "author": "RIBON P.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. (Paris)"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_141/p_141_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1662",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.132.1662",
      "volume": "132",
      "author": "RIES R. R.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_142/p_142_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "321",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90804-6",
      "volume": "45",
      "author": "RISTINEN R. A",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_143/p_143_1",
      "unstructured": "ROBINSON,R. L., WICGOWAN, F. K., and STELSON,R. H. 1963. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, A n R 5 \"."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_144/p_144_1",
      "unstructured": "RUSSELL,J. E. and HOCKENBERTY, W. T. 1963. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3435, 64."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_145/p_145_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90073-7",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "SCHWERDTFEGER C. F.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_146/p_146_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "761",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.128.761",
      "volume": "128",
      "author": "L.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_147/p_147_1",
      "first-page": "36712",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "SENGUPTA A.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Sci. Abstr."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_148/p_148_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2071",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.125.2071",
      "volume": "125",
      "author": "DEVARE S. H.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_149/p_149_1",
      "first-page": "13730",
      "volume": "134",
      "author": "SHARAIA R. P.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_150/p_150_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "177",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90174-8",
      "volume": "29",
      "author": "SHELINE R.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_151/p_151_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "SHELTON.W. N. and SHELINE. R. I< 1964. Phvs. e v.133. B624.",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.133.B624"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_152/p_152_1",
      "unstructured": "SIMP SON,'^. D. and MOORE,M. S. 1961. h s . e v . 123, 559."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_153/p_153_1",
      "unstructured": "Sarpsoiv,F. B. 1964. Private communication."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_154/p_154_1",
      "unstructured": "SLAUGHTER, G. G., HARVEY,J. A., and BLOCI,R. C. 1960. Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Rept. ORNL-3085, 42."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_155/p_155_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "351",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.131.351",
      "volume": "131",
      "author": "SMITH W. G.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_156/p_156_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "183",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.124.183",
      "volume": "124",
      "author": "SYITHER R.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phvs. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_157/p_157_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "568",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90435-3",
      "volume": "54",
      "author": "SONNINO",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_158/p_158_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "58",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.10.58",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "STRCBLE G. L.",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Rev. Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_159/p_159_1",
      "first-page": "354",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "TAKAHASHI",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Soc. Japan"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_160/p_160_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "484",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(64)90628-5",
      "volume": "53",
      "author": "TWIN P. J.",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_161/p_161_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "353",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90756-3",
      "volume": "31",
      "author": "VALENTIN T.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_162/p_162_1",
      "first-page": "1313",
      "volume": "120",
      "author": "HU-IZENGA J. R.",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_163/p_163_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "230",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(63)90159-7",
      "volume": "48",
      "author": "VEGORS S. H..",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phvs."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_164/p_164_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "VERGNES,M. i n d SHELINE; Ti. K.' 1963. Phy&Rev. 132, 1736.",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.132.1736"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_165/p_165_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "VERHEUL,H., BLOK,J., BODDENDIJK, H. G., and DULFER,G. H. 1964. Physica, 30, 877.",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0031-8914(64)90130-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "p_166/p_166_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "232",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0029-5582(62)90109-8",
      "volume": "35",
      "author": "WALEN R. J..",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Nucl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_167/p_167_1",
      "unstructured": "WAY,I< ARTNA,A., CHIAO,L. W., EWBANIC, W. B., FULLER,G. H., GOVE,N. B., MARTIN, M. J., NAKASIMA, R., and OGATA,H. 1964. Nuclear Data Sheets."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_168/p_168_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "527",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.124.527",
      "volume": "124",
      "author": "WEST H. J.",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "p_169/p_169_1",
      "first-page": "G55",
      "volume": "125",
      "author": "VILSON R. R.",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Canadian Journal of Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/p65-139",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-02T14:30:45Z",
    "timestamp": 1751466645000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/p65-139"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1965,
        8,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 166,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "8",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1965,
          8,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1139/p65-139"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p65-139",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0008-4204",
    "1208-6045"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Can. J. Phys.",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1965,
        8,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}