Digital image analysis of growth and starvation responses of a surface-colonizing Acinetobacter sp
10.1128/jb.177.4.907-915.1995
Crossref journal-article
American Society for Microbiology
Journal of Bacteriology (235)
Abstract

Surface growth of an Acinetobacter sp. cultivated under several nutrient regimens was examined by using continuous-flow slide culture, phase-contrast microscopy, scanning confocal laser microscopy, and computer image analysis. Irrigation of attached coccoid stationary-phase Acinetobacter sp. cells with high-nutrient medium resulted in a transition from coccoid to bacillar morphology. Digital image analysis revealed that this transition was biphasic. During phase I, both the length and the width of cells increased. In contrast, cell width remained constant during phase II, while both cell length and cell area increased at a rate greater than in phase I. Cells were capable of growth and division without morphological transition when irrigated with a low-nutrient medium. Rod-shaped cells reverted to cocci by reduction-division when irrigated with starvation medium. This resulted in conservation of cell area (biomass) with an increase in cell number. In addition, the changes in cell morphology were accompanied by changes in the stability of cell attachment. During phase I, coccoid cells remained firmly attached. Following transition in high-nutrient medium, bacillar cells displayed detachment, transient attachment, and drifting behaviors, resulting in a spreading colonization pattern. In contrast, cells irrigated with a low-nutrient medium remained firmly attached to the surface and eventually formed tightly packed microcolonies. It is hypothesized that the coccoid and bacillar Acinetobacter sp. morphotypes and associated behavior represent specialized physiological adaptations for attachment and colonization in low-nutrient systems (coccoid morphotype) or dispersion under high-nutrient conditions (bacillar morphotype).

Bibliography

James, G. A., Korber, D. R., Caldwell, D. E., & Costerton, J. W. (1995). Digital image analysis of growth and starvation responses of a surface-colonizing Acinetobacter sp. Journal of Bacteriology, 177(4), 907–915.

Authors 4
  1. G A James (first)
  2. D R Korber (additional)
  3. D E Caldwell (additional)
  4. J W Costerton (additional)
References 36 Referenced 125
  1. American Public Health Association. 1981. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water p. 9-31. Coordinating ed. M. A. H. Franson. American Public Health Association Washington D.C.
  2. Amy , P. S. , and R. Y. Morita . 1983 . Starvation-survival patterns of sixteen freshly isolated open-ocean bacteria . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45 : 1109 - 1115 . (10.1128/AEM.45.3.1109-1115.1983) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Starvation-survival patterns of sixteen freshly isolated open-ocean bacteria by Amy P. S. (1983)
  3. Brown , M. R. W. , and P. Williams . 1985 . The influence of environment on envelope properties affecting survival of bacteria in infections. Annu . Rev. Microbiol. 39 : 527 - 556 . (10.1146/annurev.mi.39.100185.002523) / Rev. Microbiol. / The influence of environment on envelope properties affecting survival of bacteria in infections. Annu by Brown M. R. W. (1985)
  4. Caldwell , D. E. , D. R. Korber , and J. R. Lawrence . 1992 . Confocal laser microscopy and digital image analysis in microbial ecology . Adv. Microb. Ecol. 12 : 1 - 67 . (10.1007/978-1-4684-7609-5_1) / Adv. Microb. Ecol. / Confocal laser microscopy and digital image analysis in microbial ecology by Caldwell D. E. (1992)
  5. Caldwell , D. E. , D. R. Korber , and J. R. Lawrence . 1992 . Imaging of bacterial cells by fluorescence exclusion using scanning confocal laser microscopy . J. Microbiol. Methods 15 : 249 - 261 . (10.1016/0167-7012(92)90045-6) / J. Microbiol. Methods / Imaging of bacterial cells by fluorescence exclusion using scanning confocal laser microscopy by Caldwell D. E. (1992)
  6. Caldwell , D. E. , and J. R. Lawrence . 1986 . Growth kinetics of Pseudomonas fluorescens microcolonies within the hydrodynamic boundary layers of surface microenvironments . Microb. Ecol. 12 : 299 - 312 . (10.1007/BF02011173) / Microb. Ecol. / Growth kinetics of Pseudomonas fluorescens microcolonies within the hydrodynamic boundary layers of surface microenvironments by Caldwell D. E. (1986)
  7. Caldwell D. E. and J. R. Lawrence. 1988. Study of attached cells in continuous-flow slide-culture p. 117-138. In J. W. T. Wimpenny (ed.) CRC handbook of laboratory model systems for microbial ecosystems. CRC Press Inc. Boca Raton Fla. (10.1201/9781315150796-6)
  8. Camper , A. K. , J. T. Hayes , P. J. Sturman , W. I. Jones , and A. B. Cunningham . 1993 . Effects of motility and adsorption rate coefficient on transport of bacteria through saturated porous media . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59 : 3455 - 3462 . (10.1128/AEM.59.10.3455-3462.1993) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Effects of motility and adsorption rate coefficient on transport of bacteria through saturated porous media by Camper A. K. (1993)
  9. Clarke J. B. 1979. Sphere-rod transitions in Arthrobacter p. 73-91. In J. H. Parish (ed.) Developmental biology of prokaryotes. University of California Press Berkeley.
  10. Dawson , M. P. , B. A. Humphrey , and K. C. Marshall . 1981 . Adhesion: a tactic in the survival strategy of a marine vibrio during starvation . Curr. Microbiol. 6 : 195 - 199 . (10.1007/BF01566971) / Curr. Microbiol. / Adhesion: a tactic in the survival strategy of a marine vibrio during starvation by Dawson M. P. (1981)
  11. Delaquis , P. J. , D. E. Caldwell , J. R. Lawrence , and A. R. McCurdy . 1989 . Detachment of Pseudomonas fluorescens from biofilms on glass surfaces in response to nutrient stress . Microb. Ecol. 18 : 199 - 210 . (10.1007/BF02075808) / Microb. Ecol. / Detachment of Pseudomonas fluorescens from biofilms on glass surfaces in response to nutrient stress by Delaquis P. J. (1989)
  12. Donache , W. D. , K. J. Begg , and M. Vicente . 1976 . Cell length, cell growth, and cell division . Nature (London) 264 : 328 - 333 . (10.1038/264328a0) / Nature (London) / Cell length, cell growth, and cell division by Donache W. D. (1976)
  13. Gottschal J. C. and I. Dijkuhuizen. 1988. The place of continuous culture in ecological research p. 19-49. In J. W. T. Wimpenny (ed.) CRC handbook of laboratory model systems for microbial ecosystems. CRC Press Inc. Boca Raton Fla. (10.1201/9781315150796-2)
  14. Herman , D. C. , and J. W. Costerton . 1993 . Starvation-survival of a p-nitrophenol-degrading bacterium . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59 : 340 - 343 . (10.1128/AEM.59.1.340-343.1993) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Starvation-survival of a p-nitrophenol-degrading bacterium by Herman D. C. (1993)
  15. .James G. Unpublished data.
  16. Kjelleberg , S. , and M. Hermansson . 1984 . Starvation-induced effects on bacterial surface characteristics . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48 : 497 - 503 . (10.1128/AEM.48.3.497-503.1984) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Starvation-induced effects on bacterial surface characteristics by Kjelleberg S. (1984)
  17. Kjelleberg , S. , B. A. Humphrey , and K. C. Marshall . 1983 . Initial phases of starvation and activity of bacteria at surfaces . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46 : 978 - 984 . (10.1128/AEM.46.5.978-984.1983) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Initial phases of starvation and activity of bacteria at surfaces by Kjelleberg S. (1983)
  18. Kjelleberg , S. , K. C. Marshall , and M. Hermansson . 1985 . Oligotrophic and copiotrophic marine bacteria-observations related to attachment . FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 31 : 89 - 96 . / FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. / Oligotrophic and copiotrophic marine bacteria-observations related to attachment by Kjelleberg S. (1985)
  19. Korber , D. R. , J. R. Lawrence , B. Sutton , and D. E. Caldwell . 1989 . Effect of laminar flow velocity on the kinetics of surface recolonization by Mot~ and Mot~ Pseudomonas fluorescens . Microb. Ecol. 18 : 1 - 19 . (10.1007/BF02011692) / Microb. Ecol. / Effect of laminar flow velocity on the kinetics of surface recolonization by Mot~ and Mot~ Pseudomonas fluorescens by Korber D. R. (1989)
  20. Lappin-Scott , H. M. , F. Cusack , and J. W. Costerton . 1988 . Nutrient resuscitation and growth of starved cells in sandstone cores: a novel approach to enhanced oil recovery . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 : 1373 - 1382 . (10.1128/AEM.54.6.1373-1382.1988) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Nutrient resuscitation and growth of starved cells in sandstone cores: a novel approach to enhanced oil recovery by Lappin-Scott H. M. (1988)
  21. Lawrence , J. R. , and D. E. Caldwell . 1987 . Behavior of bacterial stream populations within the hydrodynamic boundary layers of surface microenvironments . Microb. Ecol. 14 : 15 - 27 . (10.1007/BF02011567) / Microb. Ecol. / Behavior of bacterial stream populations within the hydrodynamic boundary layers of surface microenvironments by Lawrence J. R. (1987)
  22. Lawrence , J. R. , P. J. Delaquis , D. R. Korber , and D. E. Caldwell . 1987 . Behavior of Pseudomonas fluorescens within the hydrodynamic boundry layers of surface microenvironments . Microb. Ecol. 14 : 1 - 14 . (10.1007/BF02011566) / Microb. Ecol. / Behavior of Pseudomonas fluorescens within the hydrodynamic boundry layers of surface microenvironments by Lawrence J. R. (1987)
  23. Lawrence J. R. and D. R. Korber. 1993. Aspects of microbial surface colonization behavior p. 113-118. In R. Guerrero and C. Pedros-Alio (ed.) Trends in microbial ecology. Spanish Society for Microbiology Barcelona Spain.
  24. Lawrence , J. R. , D. R. Korber , and D. E. Caldwell . 1989 . Computer-enhanced darkfield microscopy for the quantitative analysis of bacterial growth and behavior on surfaces . J. Microbiol. Methods 10 : 123 - 138 . (10.1016/0167-7012(89)90009-2) / J. Microbiol. Methods / Computer-enhanced darkfield microscopy for the quantitative analysis of bacterial growth and behavior on surfaces by Lawrence J. R. (1989)
  25. Lawrence , J. R. , D. R. Korber , and D. E. Caldwell . 1992 . Behavioral analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus variants in high- and low-viscosity microenvironments by the use of digital image processing . J. Bacteriol. 174 : 5732 - 5739 . (10.1128/JB.174.17.5732-5739.1992) / J. Bacteriol. / Behavioral analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus variants in high- and low-viscosity microenvironments by the use of digital image processing by Lawrence J. R. (1992)
  26. Lawrence , J. R. , J. A. Malone , D. R. Korber , and D. E. Caldwell . 1989 . Computer image enhancement to increase depth of field in phase contrast microscopy . Binary 1 : 181 - 185 . / Binary / Computer image enhancement to increase depth of field in phase contrast microscopy by Lawrence J. R. (1989)
  27. Luscombe , B. M. , and T. R. G. Gray . 1974 . Characteristics of Arthrobacter grown in continuous culture . J. Gen. Microbiol. 82 : 213 - 222 . (10.1099/00221287-82-2-213) / J. Gen. Microbiol. / Characteristics of Arthrobacter grown in continuous culture by Luscombe B. M. (1974)
  28. MacLeod , F. A. , H. M. Lappin-Scott , and J. W. Costerton . 1988 . Plugging of a rock model system by using starved bacteria . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 : 1365 - 1372 . (10.1128/AEM.54.6.1365-1372.1988) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Plugging of a rock model system by using starved bacteria by MacLeod F. A. (1988)
  29. Marshall , K. C. 1988 . Adhesion and growth of bacteria at surfaces in oligotrophic habitats . Can. J. Microbiol. 34 : 503 - 506 . (10.1139/m88-086) / Can. J. Microbiol. / Adhesion and growth of bacteria at surfaces in oligotrophic habitats by Marshall K. C. (1988)
  30. Nelson , C. H. , J. A. Robinson , and W. G. Characklis . 1985 . Bacterial adsorption to smooth surfaces: rate, extent and spatial pattern . Biotechnol. Bioeng. 27 : 1662 - 1667 . (10.1002/bit.260271206) / Biotechnol. Bioeng. / Bacterial adsorption to smooth surfaces: rate, extent and spatial pattern by Nelson C. H. (1985)
  31. Novitsky , J. A. , and R. Y. Morita . 1976 . Morphological characterization of small cells resulting from nutrient starvation in a psychrophilic marine vibrio . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 32 : 619 - 622 . (10.1128/AEM.32.4.617-622.1976) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Morphological characterization of small cells resulting from nutrient starvation in a psychrophilic marine vibrio by Novitsky J. A. (1976)
  32. Novitsky , J. A. , and R. Y. Morita . 1977 . Survival of a psychrophilic marine vibrio under long-term nutrient starvation . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 33 : 635 - 641 . (10.1128/AEM.33.3.635-641.1977) / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Survival of a psychrophilic marine vibrio under long-term nutrient starvation by Novitsky J. A. (1977)
  33. Robinson , J. A. , M. G. Trulear , and W. G. Characklis . 1984 . Cellular reproduction and extracellular polymer formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in continuous culture . Biotechnol. Bioeng. 22 : 1409 - 1417 . (10.1002/bit.260261203) / Biotechnol. Bioeng. / Cellular reproduction and extracellular polymer formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in continuous culture by Robinson J. A. (1984)
  34. Rodina A. G. 1972. Submerged slide culture p. 381-396. In R. R. Colwell and M. S. Zambruski (ed.) Methods in aquatic microbiology. University Park Press Baltimore.
  35. Rosenberg , M. , and E. Rosenberg . 1985 . Bacterial adherence at the hydrocarbon-water interface . Oil Petrochem. Pollut. 2 : 155 - 162 . (10.1016/S0143-7127(85)90178-4) / Oil Petrochem. Pollut. / Bacterial adherence at the hydrocarbon-water interface by Rosenberg M. (1985)
  36. van Loosdrecht , M. C. M. , W. Norde , and A. J. B. Zehnder . 1987 . Influence of cell surface characteristics on bacterial adhesion to solid supports. Proc. 4th Eur. Congr. Biotechnol. 4 : 575 - 580 . / Eur. Congr. Biotechnol. / Influence of cell surface characteristics on bacterial adhesion to solid supports. Proc. 4th by van Loosdrecht M. C. M. (1987)
Dates
Type When
Created 8 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 9, 2016, 11:27 a.m.)
Deposited 4 years ago (July 29, 2021, 1:54 p.m.)
Indexed 2 weeks, 3 days ago (Aug. 6, 2025, 8:23 a.m.)
Issued 30 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1995)
Published 30 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1995)
Published Print 30 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1995)
Funders 0

None

@article{James_1995, title={Digital image analysis of growth and starvation responses of a surface-colonizing Acinetobacter sp}, volume={177}, ISSN={1098-5530}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.177.4.907-915.1995}, DOI={10.1128/jb.177.4.907-915.1995}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Bacteriology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={James, G A and Korber, D R and Caldwell, D E and Costerton, J W}, year={1995}, month=feb, pages={907–915} }