DOI: 10.1128/jb.167.1.210-218.1986. Regulation of lateral flagella gene transcription in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Regulation of lateral flagella gene transcription in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

10.1128/jb.167.1.210-218.1986

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Microbiology

Journal of Bacteriology (235)

Abstract

Two distinctly different organelles of locomotion are produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The polar flagellum is responsible for motility in a liquid environment (swimming), and the lateral flagella enable the bacteria to move over surfaces (swarming). Synthesis of lateral flagella occurs when V. parahaemolyticus is grown on agar media but not when it is grown in liquid media. We used lux (luminescence gene) fusions to conveniently and sensitively analyze the factors which influence transcription of lateral flagella genes (laf). Transposon mini-Mu lux was used to mutagenize V. parahaemolyticus and to generate laf::lux transcriptional fusions. Mutants with insertions of mini-Mu lux in laf genes were defective in the swarming phenotype and produced light when the bacteria were propagated on agar media, but not when cells were grown in liquid media. Thus, surface-dependent expression of lateral flagella synthesis is controlled by regulation of transcription. Such fusion strains were also used to further define the environmental conditions which induce laf gene expression. Cultivation on media solidified by gelling agents other than agar also induced light production in fusion strains, as did growth on a variety of hydrophilic membrane filters suspended over liquid media. Growth at an air-surface interface was not necessary for expression since embedding the fusion strains in agar was also effective. Furthermore, induction of laf gene transcription could also be accomplished by increasing the viscosity of the liquid medium by the addition of a high-molecular-weight polymer such as polyvinylpyrrolidone. Increase in luminescence of the fusion strains was detected within 30 min of initiation of the inducing circumstance, and reversal of induction, e.g., by dilution of the viscous medium, resulted in a rapid decline in the rate of increase in luminescence. Conditions that induced luminescence in the fusion strains also induced the synthesis of lateral flagella in wild-type V. parahaemolyticus. The growth environment of the genes, and it appears that the signal that triggers laf expression is physical rather than chemical in nature. Possibilities for a sensing mechanism are discussed.

Bibliography

Belas, R., Simon, M., & Silverman, M. (1986). Regulation of lateral flagella gene transcription in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Bacteriology, 167(1), 210â218.

Authors 3

R Belas (first)
M Simon (additional)
M Silverman (additional)

References 22 Referenced 193

Baumann , P. , and L. Baumann . 1977 . Biology of the marine enterobacteria: genera Beneckea and Photobacterium. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 31 : 39 - 61 . (10.1146/annurev.mi.31.100177.000351) / Photobacterium. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. / Biology of the marine enterobacteria: genera Beneckea and by Baumann P. (1977)
Belas , M. R. , snd R. R. Colwell . 1982 . Adsorption kinetics of laterally and polarly flagellated Vibrio spp . J. Bacteriol. 151 : 1568 - 1580 . (10.1128/jb.151.3.1568-1580.1982) / J. Bacteriol. / Adsorption kinetics of laterally and polarly flagellated Vibrio spp by Belas M. R. (1982)
Betas , M. R. , and R. R. Colwell . 1982 . Scanning electron microscope observation of the swarming phenomenon of Vibrio parahaemolyticus . J. Bacteriol. 150 : 956 - 959 . (10.1128/jb.150.2.956-959.1982) / J. Bacteriol. / Scanning electron microscope observation of the swarming phenomenon of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by Betas M. R. (1982)
Belas , R. , A. Mileham , M. Simon , and M. Silverman . 1984 . Transposon mutagenesis of marine Vibrio spp . J. Bacteriol. 158 : 890 - 896 . (10.1128/jb.158.3.890-896.1984) / J. Bacteriol. / Transposon mutagenesis of marine Vibrio spp by Belas R. (1984)
Berg , H. C. , and E. M. Purcell . 1977 . Physics of chemoreception . Biophys. J. 20 : 193 - 219 . (10.1016/S0006-3495(77)85544-6) / Biophys. J. / Physics of chemoreception by Berg H. C. (1977)
Berg , H. C. , and L. Turner . 1979 . Movement of microorganisms in viscous environments . Nature (London) 278 : 349 - 351 . (10.1038/278349a0) / Nature (London) / Movement of microorganisms in viscous environments by Berg H. C. (1979)
Castilho , B. A. , P. Olfson , and M. J. Casadaban . 1984 . Plasmid insertion mutagenesis and lac gene fusion with mini-Mu bacteriophage transposons . J. Bacteriol. 158 : 488 - 495 . (10.1128/jb.158.2.488-495.1984) / J. Bacteriol. / Plasmid insertion mutagenesis and lac gene fusion with mini-Mu bacteriophage transposons by Castilho B. A. (1984)
Corpe W. A. 1970. Attachment of marine bacteria to solid surfaces p. 73-87. In R. S. Manley (ed.) Adhesion in biological systems. Academic Press Inc. New York. (10.1016/B978-0-12-469050-9.50009-0)
Cundell , A. M. , and R. Mitchell . 1977 . Microbial succession on a wooden surface exposed to the sea . Int. Biodeterior. Bull. 13 : 67 - 73 . / Int. Biodeterior. Bull. / Microbial succession on a wooden surface exposed to the sea by Cundell A. M. (1977)
de Boer , W. E. , C. Golten , and W. A. Scheffers . 1975 . Effects of some chemical factors on flagellation and swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J . Microbiol. Serol. 41 : 385 - 403 . / Microbiol. Serol. / Effects of some chemical factors on flagellation and swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J by de Boer W. E. (1975)
de Boer , W. E. , C. Golten , and W. A. Scheffers . 1975 . Effects of some physical factors on flagellation and swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus . Neth. J. Sea Res. 9 : 197 - 213 . (10.1016/0077-7579(75)90015-0) / Neth. J. Sea Res. / Effects of some physical factors on flagellation and swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus by de Boer W. E. (1975)
Eberhard , N. , A. L. Burlingame , C. Eberhard , G. L. Kenyon , K. H. Nealson , and N. J. Oppenheimer . 1981 . Structural identification of autoinducer of Photobacterium fischeri Iuciferase . Biochemistry 20 : 2444 - 2449 . (10.1021/bi00512a013) / Biochemistry / Structural identification of autoinducer of Photobacterium fischeri Iuciferase by Eberhard N. (1981)
Engebrecht , J. , and M. Silverman . 1984 . Identification of genes and gene products necessary for bacterial bioluminescence . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 : 4154 - 4158 . (10.1073/pnas.81.13.4154) / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / Identification of genes and gene products necessary for bacterial bioluminescence by Engebrecht J. (1984)
Engebrecht , J. , M. Sinon , and M. Silverman . 1985 . Measuring gene expression with light . Science 227 : 1345 - 1347 . (10.1126/science.2983423) / Science / Measuring gene expression with light by Engebrecht J. (1985)
Kaiser D. 1984. Regulation of multicellular development in myxobacteria p. 197-218. In R. Losick and L. Shapiro (ed.) Microbial development. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring Harbor N.Y.
Kaneko , T. , and R. R. Colwell . 1973 . Ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay . J. Bacteriol. 113 : 24 - 32 . (10.1128/jb.113.1.24-32.1973) / J. Bacteriol. / Ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay by Kaneko T. (1973)
Shinoda , S. , and K. Okamoto . 1977 . Formation and function of Vibrio parahaemolyticus lateral flagella . J. Bacteriol. 129 : 1266 - 1271 . (10.1128/jb.129.3.1266-1271.1977) / J. Bacteriol. / Formation and function of Vibrio parahaemolyticus lateral flagella by Shinoda S. (1977)
Silverman M. R. Belas and M. Sinon. 1984. Genetic control of bacterial adhesion p. 95-107. In K. C. Marshall (ed.) Microbial adhesion and aggregation. Dahlem Konferenzen. Springer-Verlag New York. (10.1007/978-3-642-70137-5_8)
Ulitzur , S. 1975 . Effect of temperature, salts, pH, and other factors on the development of peritrichous flagella in Vibrio alginolyticus . Arch. Microbiol. 104 : 285 - 288 . (10.1007/BF00447338) / Arch. Microbiol. / Effect of temperature, salts, pH, and other factors on the development of peritrichous flagella in Vibrio alginolyticus by Ulitzur S. (1975)
Ulitzur , S. 1975 . The mechanism of swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus . Arch. Microbiol. 104 : 67 - 71 . (10.1007/BF00447301) / Arch. Microbiol. / The mechanism of swarming of Vibrio alginolyticus by Ulitzur S. (1975)
Ulltzur , S. , and M. Kessel . 1973 . Giant flagellar bundles of Vibrio alginolyticus (NCMB 1803) . Arch. Mikrobiol. 94 : 331 - 339 . (10.1007/BF00769028) / Arch. Mikrobiol. / Giant flagellar bundles of Vibrio alginolyticus (NCMB 1803) by Ulltzur S. (1973)
Williams , F. D. , and R. H. Schwarzhoff . 1978 . Nature of the swarming phenomenon in Proteus. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 32 : 101 - 122 . (10.1146/annurev.mi.32.100178.000533) / Proteus. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. / Nature of the swarming phenomenon by Williams F. D. (1978)

Dates

Type	When
Created	8 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 2, 2016, 4:15 p.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 1 month ago (July 29, 2021, 1:32 p.m.)
Indexed	2 months, 3 weeks ago (June 4, 2025, 5:13 p.m.)
Issued	39 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1986)
Published	39 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1986)
Published Print	39 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1986)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Belas_1986, title={Regulation of lateral flagella gene transcription in Vibrio parahaemolyticus}, volume={167}, ISSN={1098-5530}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.167.1.210-218.1986}, DOI={10.1128/jb.167.1.210-218.1986}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Bacteriology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Belas, R and Simon, M and Silverman, M}, year={1986}, month=jul, pages={210–218} }

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