DOI: 10.1128/jvi.80.7.3592-3606.2006. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Accumulation, Envelopment, and Exit in Growth Cones and Varicosities in Mid-Distal Regions of Axons

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Accumulation, Envelopment, and Exit in Growth Cones and Varicosities in Mid-Distal Regions of Axons

10.1128/jvi.80.7.3592-3606.2006

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Microbiology

Journal of Virology (235)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The mechanism of anterograde transport of alphaherpesviruses in axons remains controversial. This study examined the transport, assembly, and egress of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in mid- and distal axons of infected explanted human fetal dorsal root ganglia using confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at 19, 24, and 48 h postinfection (p.i.). Confocal-microscopy studies showed that although capsid (VP5) and tegument (UL37) proteins were not uniformly present in axons until 24 h p.i., they colocalized with envelope (gG) proteins in axonal varicosities and in growth cones at 24 and 48 h p.i. TEM of longitudinal sections of axons in situ showed enveloped and unenveloped capsids in the axonal varicosities and growth cones, whereas in the midregion of the axons, predominantly unenveloped capsids were observed. Partially enveloped capsids, apparently budding into vesicles, were observed in axonal varicosities and growth cones, but not during viral attachment and entry into axons. Tegument proteins (VP22) were found associated with vesicles in growth cones, either alone or together with envelope (gD) proteins, by transmission immunoelectron microscopy. Extracellular virions were observed adjacent to axonal varicosities and growth cones, with some virions observed in crescent-shaped invaginations of the axonal plasma membrane, suggesting exit at these sites. These findings suggest that varicosities and growth cones are probable sites of HSV-1 envelopment of at least a proportion of virions in the mid- to distal axon. Envelopment probably occurs by budding of capsids into vesicles with associated tegument and envelope proteins. Virions appear to exit from these sites by exocytosis.

Bibliography

Saksena, M. M., Wakisaka, H., Tijono, B., Boadle, R. A., Rixon, F., Takahashi, H., & Cunningham, A. L. (2006). Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Accumulation, Envelopment, and Exit in Growth Cones and Varicosities in Mid-Distal Regions of Axons. Journal of Virology, 80(7), 3592â3606.

Authors 7

Monica Miranda Saksena (first)
Hiroyuki Wakisaka (additional)
Bibing Tijono (additional)
Ross A. Boadle (additional)
Frazer Rixon (additional)
Hirotaka Takahashi (additional)
Anthony L. Cunningham (additional)

References 54 Referenced 75

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Dates

Type	When
Created	19 years, 5 months ago (March 14, 2006, 8:23 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 5 months ago (March 5, 2022, 5:49 a.m.)
Indexed	1 year, 1 month ago (July 2, 2024, 4:34 a.m.)
Issued	19 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2006)
Published	19 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2006)
Published Print	19 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2006)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Saksena_2006, title={Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Accumulation, Envelopment, and Exit in Growth Cones and Varicosities in Mid-Distal Regions of Axons}, volume={80}, ISSN={1098-5514}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.7.3592-3606.2006}, DOI={10.1128/jvi.80.7.3592-3606.2006}, number={7}, journal={Journal of Virology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Saksena, Monica Miranda and Wakisaka, Hiroyuki and Tijono, Bibing and Boadle, Ross A. and Rixon, Frazer and Takahashi, Hirotaka and Cunningham, Anthony L.}, year={2006}, month=apr, pages={3592–3606} }

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