DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.20.9727-9731.2000. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein Is Incorporated into the Virion in Significantly Smaller Amounts than Gag and Is Phosphorylated in Infected Cells

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein Is Incorporated into the Virion in Significantly Smaller Amounts than Gag and Is Phosphorylated in Infected Cells

10.1128/jvi.74.20.9727-9731.2000

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Microbiology

Journal of Virology (235)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Viral protein R (Vpr) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a small accessory protein involved in the nuclear import of viral DNA and the growth arrest of host cells. Several studies have demonstrated that a significant amount of Vpr is incorporated into the virus particle via interaction with the p6 domain of Gag, and it is generally assumed that Vpr is packaged in equimolar ratio to Gag. We have quantitated the relative amount of Vpr in purified virions following [ 35 S]cysteine labeling of infected MT-4 cells, as well as by quantitative immunoblotting and found that Vpr is present in a molar ratio of approximately 1:7 compared to capsid. Analysis of isolated core particles showed that Vpr is associated with the mature viral core, despite quantitative loss of p6 from core preparations. Metabolic labeling of infected cells with ortho[ 32 P]phosphate revealed that a small fraction of Vpr is phosphorylated in virions and infected cells.

Bibliography

MuÌller, B., Tessmer, U., Schubert, U., & KraÌusslich, H.-G. (2000). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein Is Incorporated into the Virion in Significantly Smaller Amounts than Gag and Is Phosphorylated in Infected Cells. Journal of Virology, 74(20), 9727â9731.

Authors 4

Barbara Müller (first)
Uwe Tessmer (additional)
Ulrich Schubert (additional)
Hans-Georg Kräusslich (additional)

References 48 Referenced 84

10.1128/JVI.73.12.9992-9999.1999
10.1006/jmbi.1996.0485
10.1074/jbc.274.13.9083
10.1006/jmbi.1999.3310
10.1128/jvi.70.2.697-704.1996
10.1073/pnas.93.1.367
10.1074/jbc.274.27.19434
Coffin J. M. Hughes S. H. Varmus H. E. Retroviruses. 1997 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Cold Spring Harbor N.Y
10.1128/jvi.64.6.3097-3099.1990
10.1006/viro.1995.1016
10.1074/jbc.272.49.30753
10.1128/JVI.73.2.1460-1467.1999
10.1128/JVI.72.7.6004-6013.1998
10.1016/0092-8674(95)90488-3
10.1038/nm0198-065
Harlow E. Lane D. Antibodies. 1988 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Cold Spring Harbor N.Y
10.1128/jvi.69.11.6705-6711.1995
10.1073/pnas.91.15.7311
10.1002/elps.1150090106
10.1128/jvi.69.10.6304-6313.1995
10.1006/viro.1996.0176
10.1006/viro.1996.0201
10.1128/jvi.69.5.2759-2764.1995
10.1128/jvi.68.3.1926-1934.1994
10.1006/bbrc.1996.0061
10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-2955
10.1128/jvi.69.11.6873-6879.1995
10.1128/jvi.62.11.3993-4002.1988
10.1128/jvi.67.12.7229-7237.1993
10.1128/jvi.69.9.5883-5889.1995
10.1093/emboj/17.4.909
10.1074/jbc.273.21.13347
10.1128/jvi.69.11.6859-6864.1995
10.1128/jvi.69.2.882-888.1995
10.1128/JVI.73.1.592-600.1999
10.1128/jvi.71.7.5579-5592.1997
10.1128/jvi.62.3.795-801.1988
10.1101/gad.12.2.175
10.1128/JVI.73.8.7050-7055.1999
10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2607
10.1074/jbc.270.43.25564
10.1128/JVI.74.3.1168-1177.2000
10.1128/jvi.69.6.3389-3398.1995
10.1128/jvi.69.11.7032-7044.1995
10.1128/JVI.72.6.4686-4693.1998
10.1128/jvi.64.11.5688-5693.1990
10.1089/aid.1990.6.1265
10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00178-4

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 27, 2002, 6:06 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 5 months ago (March 4, 2022, 11:43 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 1 week ago (July 25, 2025, 6:48 a.m.)
Issued	24 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 15, 2000)
Published	24 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 15, 2000)
Published Print	24 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 15, 2000)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Mu_ller_2000, title={Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein Is Incorporated into the Virion in Significantly Smaller Amounts than Gag and Is Phosphorylated in Infected Cells}, volume={74}, ISSN={1098-5514}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.20.9727-9731.2000}, DOI={10.1128/jvi.74.20.9727-9731.2000}, number={20}, journal={Journal of Virology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Müller, Barbara and Tessmer, Uwe and Schubert, Ulrich and Kräusslich, Hans-Georg}, year={2000}, month=oct, pages={9727–9731} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        25
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-25T10:48:02Z",
    "timestamp": 1753440482018
  },
  "reference-count": 48,
  "publisher": "American Society for Microbiology",
  "issue": "20",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2000,
            10,
            15
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2000-10-15T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 971568000000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "journals.asm.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2000,
        10,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Viral protein R (Vpr) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a small accessory protein involved in the nuclear import of viral DNA and the growth arrest of host cells. Several studies have demonstrated that a significant amount of Vpr is incorporated into the virus particle via interaction with the p6 domain of Gag, and it is generally assumed that Vpr is packaged in equimolar ratio to Gag. We have quantitated the relative amount of Vpr in purified virions following [\n            <jats:sup>35</jats:sup>\n            S]cysteine labeling of infected MT-4 cells, as well as by quantitative immunoblotting and found that Vpr is present in a molar ratio of approximately 1:7 compared to capsid. Analysis of isolated core particles showed that Vpr is associated with the mature viral core, despite quantitative loss of p6 from core preparations. Metabolic labeling of infected cells with ortho[\n            <jats:sup>32</jats:sup>\n            P]phosphate revealed that a small fraction of Vpr is phosphorylated in virions and infected cells.\n          </jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.74.20.9727-9731.2000",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        27
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-27T10:06:23Z",
    "timestamp": 1027764383000
  },
  "page": "9727-9731",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 84,
  "title": "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein Is Incorporated into the Virion in Significantly Smaller Amounts than Gag and Is Phosphorylated in Infected Cells",
  "prefix": "10.1128",
  "volume": "74",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Barbara",
      "family": "Mu\u0308ller",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Heinrich-Pette-Institut, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany,1 and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Uwe",
      "family": "Tessmer",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Heinrich-Pette-Institut, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany,1 and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Ulrich",
      "family": "Schubert",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Heinrich-Pette-Institut, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany,1 and"
        },
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 2-->Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 0892-04602"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Hans-Georg",
      "family": "Kra\u0308usslich",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Heinrich-Pette-Institut, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany,1 and"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "235",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_2_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.73.12.9992-9999.1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_3_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/jmbi.1996.0485"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_4_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.274.13.9083"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_5_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/jmbi.1999.3310"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_6_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.70.2.697-704.1996"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_7_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.93.1.367"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_8_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.274.27.19434"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_9_2",
      "unstructured": "Coffin\nJ. M.\nHughes\nS. H.\nVarmus\nH. E.\nRetroviruses.\n1997\nCold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press\nCold Spring Harbor N.Y"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_10_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.64.6.3097-3099.1990"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_11_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1995.1016"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_12_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.272.49.30753"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_13_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.73.2.1460-1467.1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_14_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.72.7.6004-6013.1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_15_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0092-8674(95)90488-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_16_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/nm0198-065"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_17_2",
      "unstructured": "Harlow\nE.\nLane\nD.\nAntibodies.\n1988\nCold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press\nCold Spring Harbor N.Y"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_18_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.11.6705-6711.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_19_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.91.15.7311"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_20_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/elps.1150090106"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_21_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.10.6304-6313.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_22_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1996.0176"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_23_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1996.0201"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_24_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.5.2759-2764.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_25_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.68.3.1926-1934.1994"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_26_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/bbrc.1996.0061"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_27_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-2955"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_28_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.11.6873-6879.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_29_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.62.11.3993-4002.1988"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_30_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.67.12.7229-7237.1993"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_31_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.9.5883-5889.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_32_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/emboj/17.4.909"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_33_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.273.21.13347"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_34_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.11.6859-6864.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_35_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.2.882-888.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_36_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.73.1.592-600.1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_37_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.71.7.5579-5592.1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_38_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.62.3.795-801.1988"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_39_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1101/gad.12.2.175"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_40_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.73.8.7050-7055.1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_41_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2607"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_42_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.270.43.25564"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_43_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.74.3.1168-1177.2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_44_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.6.3389-3398.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_45_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.69.11.7032-7044.1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_46_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.72.6.4686-4693.1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_47_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.64.11.5688-5693.1990"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_48_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1089/aid.1990.6.1265"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_49_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00178-4"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Virology",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JVI.74.20.9727-9731.2000",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JVI.74.20.9727-9731.2000",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2022,
        3,
        5
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2022-03-05T04:43:03Z",
    "timestamp": 1646455383000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.74.20.9727-9731.2000"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2000,
        10,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 48,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "20",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2000,
          10,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1128/JVI.74.20.9727-9731.2000"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.74.20.9727-9731.2000",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0022-538X",
    "1098-5514"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "J Virol",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2000,
        10,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "assertion": [
    {
      "value": "2000-03-07",
      "order": 0,
      "name": "received",
      "label": "Received",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "2000-04-18",
      "order": 1,
      "name": "accepted",
      "label": "Accepted",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "2000-10-15",
      "order": 2,
      "name": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}