DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.5.4266-4271.1999. Genetic and Phenotypic Changes Accompanying the Emergence of Epizootic Subtype IC Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses from an Enzootic Subtype ID Progenitor

Genetic and Phenotypic Changes Accompanying the Emergence of Epizootic Subtype IC Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses from an Enzootic Subtype ID Progenitor

10.1128/jvi.73.5.4266-4271.1999

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Microbiology

Journal of Virology (235)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Recent studies have indicated that epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses can evolve from enzootic, subtype ID strains that circulate continuously in lowland tropical forests (A. M. Powers, M. S. Oberste, A. C. Brault, R. Rico-Hesse, S. M. Schmura, J. F. Smith, W. Kang, W. P. Sweeney, and S. C. Weaver, J. Virol. 71:6697–6705, 1997). To identify mutations associated with the phenotypic changes leading to epizootics, we sequenced the entire genomes of two subtype IC epizootic VEE virus strains isolated during a 1992–1993 Venezuelan outbreak and four sympatric, subtype ID enzootic strains closely related to the predicted epizootic progenitor. Analysis by maximum-parsimony phylogenetic methods revealed 25 nucleotide differences which were predicted to have accompanied the 1992 epizootic emergence; 7 of these encoded amino acid changes in the nsP1, nsP3, capsid, and E2 envelope glycoprotein, and 2 were mutations in the 3′ untranslated genome region. Comparisons with the genomic sequences of IAB and other IC epizootic VEE virus strains revealed that only one of the seven amino acid changes associated with the 1992 emergence, a threonine-to-methionine change at position 360 of the nsP3 protein, accompanied another VEE virus emergence event. Two changes in the E2 envelope glycoprotein region believed to include the major antigenic determinants, both involving replacement of uncharged residues with arginine, are also candidates for epizootic determinants.

Bibliography

Wang, E., Barrera, R., Boshell, J., Ferro, C., Freier, J. E., Navarro, J. C., Salas, R., Vasquez, C., & Weaver, S. C. (1999). Genetic and Phenotypic Changes Accompanying the Emergence of Epizootic Subtype IC Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses from an Enzootic Subtype ID Progenitor. Journal of Virology, 73(5), 4266â4271.

Authors 9

Eryu Wang (first)
Roberto Barrera (additional)
Jorge Boshell (additional)
Cristina Ferro (additional)
Jerome E. Freier (additional)
Juan Carlos Navarro (additional)
Rosalba Salas (additional)
Clovis Vasquez (additional)
Scott C. Weaver (additional)

References 39 Referenced 57

10.1126/science.88.2292.530.a
10.1006/viro.1996.0203
10.1016/0042-6822(91)90114-Q
10.1093/nar/12.1Part1.387
Dickerman R. W. Cupp E. W. Groot H. Alarcon A. M. Cura E. Dickerman A. W. Ibagos A. L. Rico-Hesse R. Taylor C. A. Weaver S. C. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus activity in northern Colombia during April and May 1983.PAHO Bull. 20 1986 276 283 / PAHO Bull. / Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus activity in northern Colombia during April and May 1983 by Dickerman R. W. (1986)
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x
10.1128/jvi.63.7.3142-3150.1989
10.1016/0042-6822(90)90533-W
Johnston R. E. Peters C. J. Alphaviruses Fields virology 3rd ed. Fields B. N. Knipe D. M. Howley P. M. 1996 843 898 Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia Pa
Jukes T. H. Cantor C. R. Evolution of protein molecules Mammalian protein metabolism. Munro H. N. 1969 21 132 Academic Press New York N.Y (10.1016/B978-1-4832-3211-9.50009-7)
10.1007/BF01731581
10.1128/jvi.67.3.1269-1277.1993
10.1099/0022-1317-73-12-3301
10.1126/science.90.2323.20
10.1016/0042-6822(90)90310-N
10.4269/ajtmh.1982.31.561
10.1016/0042-6822(89)90429-7
10.1016/0042-6822(90)90340-W
10.1006/viro.1996.0254
10.1099/0022-1317-69-9-2165
10.1128/jvi.71.9.6697-6705.1997
10.1073/pnas.92.12.5278
10.1128/jcm.35.7.1887-1890.1997
10.1016/0042-6822(85)90343-5
10.1128/jvi.39.2.348-358.1981
10.1016/0042-6822(87)90230-3
10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.862
Schlesinger S. Schlesinger M. J. Togaviridae : the viruses and their replication Fields virology 3rd ed. Fields B. N. Knipe D. M. Howley P. M. 1996 825 842 Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia Pa
10.1128/mr.58.3.491-562.1994
Swofford D. L. PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony version 3.0. 1991 Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign
10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.699
10.1093/infdis/128.3.271
Walton T. E. Grayson M. A. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology Monath T. P. IV 1988 203 233 CRC Press Boca Raton, Fla / The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology / Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis by Walton T. E. (1988)
Weaver S. C. Recurrent emergence of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis Emerging infections 1. Scheld W. M. Armstrong D. Hughes J. M. 1998 27 42 ASM Press Washington D.C (10.1128/9781555816940.ch3)
10.1006/viro.1993.1421
10.1128/jvi.68.1.158-169.1994
10.1016/0042-6822(92)90190-Z
10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02275-1
10.4269/ajtmh.1969.18.290

Dates

Type	When
Created	5 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 31, 2019, 1:29 p.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 6 months ago (March 4, 2022, 11:13 p.m.)
Indexed	4 months, 3 weeks ago (April 10, 2025, 5:53 a.m.)
Issued	26 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1999)
Published	26 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1999)
Published Print	26 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1999)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Wang_1999, title={Genetic and Phenotypic Changes Accompanying the Emergence of Epizootic Subtype IC Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses from an Enzootic Subtype ID Progenitor}, volume={73}, ISSN={1098-5514}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.5.4266-4271.1999}, DOI={10.1128/jvi.73.5.4266-4271.1999}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Virology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Wang, Eryu and Barrera, Roberto and Boshell, Jorge and Ferro, Cristina and Freier, Jerome E. and Navarro, Juan Carlos and Salas, Rosalba and Vasquez, Clovis and Weaver, Scott C.}, year={1999}, month=may, pages={4266–4271} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        4,
        10
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-04-10T09:53:47Z",
    "timestamp": 1744278827987
  },
  "reference-count": 39,
  "publisher": "American Society for Microbiology",
  "issue": "5",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1999,
            5,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1999-05-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 925516800000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "journals.asm.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1999,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Recent studies have indicated that epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses can evolve from enzootic, subtype ID strains that circulate continuously in lowland tropical forests (A. M. Powers, M. S. Oberste, A. C. Brault, R. Rico-Hesse, S. M. Schmura, J. F. Smith, W. Kang, W. P. Sweeney, and S. C. Weaver, J. Virol. 71:6697\u20136705, 1997). To identify mutations associated with the phenotypic changes leading to epizootics, we sequenced the entire genomes of two subtype IC epizootic VEE virus strains isolated during a 1992\u20131993 Venezuelan outbreak and four sympatric, subtype ID enzootic strains closely related to the predicted epizootic progenitor. Analysis by maximum-parsimony phylogenetic methods revealed 25 nucleotide differences which were predicted to have accompanied the 1992 epizootic emergence; 7 of these encoded amino acid changes in the nsP1, nsP3, capsid, and E2 envelope glycoprotein, and 2 were mutations in the 3\u2032 untranslated genome region. Comparisons with the genomic sequences of IAB and other IC epizootic VEE virus strains revealed that only one of the seven amino acid changes associated with the 1992 emergence, a threonine-to-methionine change at position 360 of the nsP3 protein, accompanied another VEE virus emergence event. Two changes in the E2 envelope glycoprotein region believed to include the major antigenic determinants, both involving replacement of uncharged residues with arginine, are also candidates for epizootic determinants.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.73.5.4266-4271.1999",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2019,
        12,
        31
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2019-12-31T18:29:05Z",
    "timestamp": 1577816945000
  },
  "page": "4266-4271",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 57,
  "title": "Genetic and Phenotypic Changes Accompanying the Emergence of Epizootic Subtype IC Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses from an Enzootic Subtype ID Progenitor",
  "prefix": "10.1128",
  "volume": "73",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Eryu",
      "family": "Wang",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Center for Tropical Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-06091;"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Roberto",
      "family": "Barrera",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 2-->Instituto de Zoologia Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela,2 and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Jorge",
      "family": "Boshell",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 3-->Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia3; and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Cristina",
      "family": "Ferro",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 3-->Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia3; and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Jerome E.",
      "family": "Freier",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 4-->USDA Center for Animal Disease Information and Analysis, Fort Collins, Colorado 805214"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Juan Carlos",
      "family": "Navarro",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 2-->Instituto de Zoologia Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela,2 and"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Rosalba",
      "family": "Salas",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 5-->Instituto Nacional de Higiene,5Caracas, Venezuela;"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Clovis",
      "family": "Vasquez",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 5-->Instituto Nacional de Higiene,5Caracas, Venezuela;"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Scott C.",
      "family": "Weaver",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "<!--label omitted: 1-->Center for Tropical Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-06091;"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "235",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_2_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.88.2292.530.a"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_3_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1996.0203"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_4_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(91)90114-Q"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_5_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/12.1Part1.387"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_6_2",
      "first-page": "276",
      "article-title": "Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus activity in northern Colombia during April and May 1983",
      "volume": "20",
      "author": "Dickerman R. W.",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "Dickerman R. W. Cupp E. W. Groot H. Alarcon A. M. Cura E. Dickerman A. W. Ibagos A. L. Rico-Hesse R. Taylor C. A. Weaver S. C. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus activity in northern Colombia during April and May 1983.PAHO Bull. 20 1986 276 283",
      "journal-title": "PAHO Bull."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_7_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_8_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.63.7.3142-3150.1989"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_9_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(90)90533-W"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_10_2",
      "unstructured": "Johnston\nR. E.\nPeters\nC. J.\nAlphaviruses\nFields virology\n3rd ed.\nFields\nB. N.\nKnipe\nD. M.\nHowley\nP. M.\n1996\n843\n898\nLippincott-Raven\nPhiladelphia Pa"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_11_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Jukes\nT. H.\nCantor\nC. R.\nEvolution of protein molecules\nMammalian protein metabolism.\nMunro\nH. N.\n1969\n21\n132\nAcademic Press\nNew York N.Y",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-1-4832-3211-9.50009-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_12_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01731581"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_13_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.67.3.1269-1277.1993"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_14_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1099/0022-1317-73-12-3301"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_15_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.90.2323.20"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_16_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(90)90310-N"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_17_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.4269/ajtmh.1982.31.561"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_18_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(89)90429-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_19_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(90)90340-W"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_20_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1996.0254"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_21_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1099/0022-1317-69-9-2165"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_22_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.71.9.6697-6705.1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_23_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.92.12.5278"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_24_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jcm.35.7.1887-1890.1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_25_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(85)90343-5"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_26_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.39.2.348-358.1981"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_27_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(87)90230-3"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_28_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.862"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_29_2",
      "unstructured": "Schlesinger\nS.\nSchlesinger\nM. J. Togaviridae : the viruses and their replication\nFields virology\n3rd ed.\nFields\nB. N.\nKnipe\nD. M.\nHowley\nP. M.\n1996\n825\n842\nLippincott-Raven\nPhiladelphia Pa"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_30_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/mr.58.3.491-562.1994"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_31_2",
      "unstructured": "Swofford\nD. L.\nPAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony version 3.0.\n1991\nIllinois Natural History Survey\nChampaign"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_32_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.699"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_33_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/infdis/128.3.271"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_34_2",
      "first-page": "203",
      "article-title": "Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis",
      "author": "Walton T. E.",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "Walton T. E. Grayson M. A. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology Monath T. P. IV 1988 203 233 CRC Press Boca Raton, Fla",
      "journal-title": "The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_35_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Weaver\nS. C.\nRecurrent emergence of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis\nEmerging infections 1.\nScheld\nW. M.\nArmstrong\nD.\nHughes\nJ. M.\n1998\n27\n42\nASM Press\nWashington D.C",
      "DOI": "10.1128/9781555816940.ch3"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_36_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/viro.1993.1421"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_37_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/jvi.68.1.158-169.1994"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_38_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0042-6822(92)90190-Z"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_39_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02275-1"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_40_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.4269/ajtmh.1969.18.290"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Virology",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JVI.73.5.4266-4271.1999",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JVI.73.5.4266-4271.1999",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2022,
        3,
        5
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2022-03-05T04:13:12Z",
    "timestamp": 1646453592000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.73.5.4266-4271.1999"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1999,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 39,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "5",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1999,
          5
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1128/JVI.73.5.4266-4271.1999"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.73.5.4266-4271.1999",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0022-538X",
    "1098-5514"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "J Virol",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1999,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "assertion": [
    {
      "value": "1998-10-29",
      "order": 0,
      "name": "received",
      "label": "Received",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "1999-01-26",
      "order": 1,
      "name": "accepted",
      "label": "Accepted",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "1999-05-01",
      "order": 2,
      "name": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}