DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.1.70-76.1998. Phase Variation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Lipopolysaccharide

Phase Variation in Helicobacter pylori Lipopolysaccharide

10.1128/iai.66.1.70-76.1998

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Microbiology

Infection and Immunity (235)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori NCTC 11637 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) expresses the human blood group antigen Lewis x (Le x ) in a polymeric form. Le x is β- d -galactose-(1-4)-[α- l -fucose-(1-3)]-β- d -acetylglucosamine. Schematically the LPS structure is (Le x ) n -core-lipid A. In this report, we show that Le x expression is not a stable trait but that LPS displays a high frequency (0.2 to 0.5%) of phase variation, resulting in the presence of several LPS variants in one bacterial cell population. One type of phase variation implied the loss of α1,3-linked fucose, resulting in variants that expressed nonsubstituted polylactosamines (also called the i antigen), i.e., Le x minus fucose; LPS: (lactosamine) n -core-lipid A. The switch of Le x to i antigen was reversible. A second group of variants arose by loss of polymeric main chain which resulted in expression of monomeric Le y ; LPS: (Le y )-core-lipid A. A third group of variants arose by acquisition of α1,2-linked fucose which hence expressed Le x plus Le y ; LPS: (Le y )(Le x ) n -core-lipid A. The second and third group of variants switched back to the parental phenotype [(Le x ) n -core-lipid A] in lower frequencies. Part of the variation can be ascribed to altered expression levels of glycosyltransferase levels as assessed by assaying the activities of galactosyl-, fucosyl-, and N -acetylglucosaminyltransferases. Clearly phase variation increases the heterogeneity of H. pylori , and this process may be involved in generating the very closely related yet genetically slightly different strains that have been isolated from one patient.

Bibliography

Appelmelk, B. J., Shiberu, B., Trinks, C., Tapsi, N., Zheng, P. Y., Verboom, T., Maaskant, J., Hokke, C. H., Schiphorst, W. E. C. M., Blanchard, D., Simoons-Smit, I. M., van den Eijnden, D. H., & Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E. (1998). Phase Variation in Helicobacter pylori Lipopolysaccharide. Infection and Immunity, 66(1), 70â76.

Authors 13

B. J. Appelmelk (first)
B. Shiberu (additional)
C. Trinks (additional)
N. Tapsi (additional)
P. Y. Zheng (additional)
T. Verboom (additional)
J. Maaskant (additional)
C. H. Hokke (additional)
W. E. C. M. Schiphorst (additional)
D. Blanchard (additional)
I. M. Simoons-Smit (additional)
D. H. van den Eijnden (additional)
C. M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls (additional)

References 35 Referenced 108

10.1128/iai.64.6.2031-2040.1996
Appelmelk B. J. Unpublished data.
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00592.x
Aspinall G. O. Monteiro M. A. Pang H. Walsh E. J. Moran A. P. O antigen chains in the lipopolysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori NCTC 11637. Carbohydr. Lett. 1 1994 151 156 / Carbohydr. Lett. / O antigen chains in the lipopolysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori NCTC 11637. by Aspinall G. O. (1994)
10.1021/bi951852s
10.1021/bi951853k
Blanchard D. Bernard D. Loirat M. J. Frioux Y. Guimbretiere J. Guimbretiere L. Characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies directed to fetal erythrocytes. Rev. Fr. Transfus. Hemobiol. 35 1992 239 254 / Rev. Fr. Transfus. Hemobiol. / Characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies directed to fetal erythrocytes. by Blanchard D. (1992)
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Kuipers E. J. 1997. Helicobacter pylori and the risk and management of associated diseases: gastritis ulcer disease atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Aliment. Pharmacol. Therapeut. 11 (Suppl. 1) : 71–88. (10.1046/j.1365-2036.11.s1.5.x)
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Dates

Type	When
Created	5 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 31, 2019, 10:19 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 6 months ago (March 4, 2022, 7:11 p.m.)
Indexed	2 months ago (July 2, 2025, 2:47 p.m.)
Issued	27 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 1998)
Published	27 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 1998)
Published Print	27 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 1998)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Appelmelk_1998, title={Phase Variation in Helicobacter pylori Lipopolysaccharide}, volume={66}, ISSN={1098-5522}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.1.70-76.1998}, DOI={10.1128/iai.66.1.70-76.1998}, number={1}, journal={Infection and Immunity}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Appelmelk, B. J. and Shiberu, B. and Trinks, C. and Tapsi, N. and Zheng, P. Y. and Verboom, T. and Maaskant, J. and Hokke, C. H. and Schiphorst, W. E. C. M. and Blanchard, D. and Simoons-Smit, I. M. and van den Eijnden, D. H. and Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E.}, year={1998}, month=jan, pages={70–76} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori</jats:italic>\n            NCTC 11637 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) expresses the human blood group antigen Lewis x (Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            ) in a polymeric form. Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            is \u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>d</jats:sc>\n            -galactose-(1-4)-[\u03b1-\n            <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>\n            -fucose-(1-3)]-\u03b2-\n            <jats:sc>d</jats:sc>\n            -acetylglucosamine. Schematically the LPS structure is (Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            )\n            <jats:sub>\n              <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>\n            </jats:sub>\n            -core-lipid A. In this report, we show that Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            expression is not a stable trait but that LPS displays a high frequency (0.2 to 0.5%) of phase variation, resulting in the presence of several LPS variants in one bacterial cell population. One type of phase variation implied the loss of \u03b11,3-linked fucose, resulting in variants that expressed nonsubstituted polylactosamines (also called the i antigen), i.e., Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            minus fucose; LPS: (lactosamine)\n            <jats:sub>\n              <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>\n            </jats:sub>\n            -core-lipid A. The switch of Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            to i antigen was reversible. A second group of variants arose by loss of polymeric main chain which resulted in expression of monomeric Le\n            <jats:sup>y</jats:sup>\n            ; LPS: (Le\n            <jats:sup>y</jats:sup>\n            )-core-lipid A. A third group of variants arose by acquisition of \u03b11,2-linked fucose which hence expressed Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            plus Le\n            <jats:sup>y</jats:sup>\n            ; LPS: (Le\n            <jats:sup>y</jats:sup>\n            )(Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            )\n            <jats:sub>\n              <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>\n            </jats:sub>\n            -core-lipid A. The second and third group of variants switched back to the parental phenotype [(Le\n            <jats:sup>x</jats:sup>\n            )\n            <jats:sub>\n              <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>\n            </jats:sub>\n            -core-lipid A] in lower frequencies. Part of the variation can be ascribed to altered expression levels of glycosyltransferase levels as assessed by assaying the activities of galactosyl-, fucosyl-, and\n            <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>\n            -acetylglucosaminyltransferases. Clearly phase variation increases the heterogeneity of\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>\n            , and this process may be involved in generating the very closely related yet genetically slightly different strains that have been isolated from one patient.\n          </jats:p>",
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      "name": "accepted",
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      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
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      "order": 2,
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      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}