DOI: 10.1126/science.3175620. Single Strands, Triple Strands, and Kinks in H-DNA

Single Strands, Triple Strands, and Kinks in H-DNA

10.1126/science.3175620

Crossref journal-article

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Science (221)

Abstract

A naturally occurring (dT-dC) 18 :(dA-dG) 18 repeat in the H conformation of DNA was shown to contain single-stranded nucleotides in the center of the TC 18 repeat and on one half of the AG 18 repeat. These results support the model that H-DNA is a structure containing both triple-stranded and single-stranded regions. The stability of this structure was affected by both p H and the degree of negative supercoiling: at p H 7.6 to 7.7, a high level of supercoiling was needed to keep about half of the molecules in the H conformation; at p H 6 and p H 5, normal levels of supercoiling supported H-DNA; and at p H 4, no supercoiling was required. At mildly alkaline p H, the TC/AG18 repeat assumed a novel conformation called J-DNA that differed from both the B and H forms. A three-dimensional model for the structure of H-DNA is proposed that accounts both for the single-strandedness of the nucleotides and for the influence of supercoiling on H-DNA formation. This model predicts and evidence is presented that H-DNA introduces a sharp kink in the DNA. Moreover, the angle of this kink appears not to be fixed, so that H-DNA is also a hinged-DNA.

Bibliography

Htun, H., & Dahlberg, J. E. (1988). Single Strands, Triple Strands, and Kinks in H-DNA. Science, 241(4874), 1791â1796.

Authors 2

Han Htun (first)
James E. Dahlberg (additional)

References 50 Referenced 172

ANTAO, V.P., CD OF 6 DIFFERENT CONFORMATIONAL REARRANGEMENTS OF POLY[D(A-G).D(C-T)] INDUCED BY LOW PH, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 16: 719 (1988). (10.1093/nar/16.2.719) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1988)
AXELROD, V.D., TRANSCRIPTION FROM BACTERIOPHAGE-T7 AND SP6 RNA-POLYMERASE PROMOTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF 3'-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE CHAIN TERMINATORS, BIOCHEMISTRY 24: 5716 (1985). (10.1021/bi00342a005) / BIOCHEMISTRY (1985)
CANTOR, C.R., POSSIBLE STRUCTURES OF HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE S1-HYPERSENSITIVE SITES, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 12: 8059 (1984). (10.1093/nar/12.21.8059) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1984)
CECH, T.R., DNA BIOCHEMISTRY - G-STRINGS AT CHROMOSOME ENDS, NATURE 332: 777 (1988). (10.1038/332777a0) / NATURE (1988)
CHATTOPADHYAYA, R, X-RAY STRUCTURE OF A DNA HAIRPIN MOLECULE, NATURE 334: 175 (1988). (10.1038/334175a0) / NATURE (1988)
CHRISTOPHE, D, AN UNUSUALLY LONG POLY(PURINE)-POLY(PYRIMIDINE) SEQUENCE IS LOCATED UPSTREAM FROM THE HUMAN THYROGLOBULIN GENE, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 13: 5127 (1985). (10.1093/nar/13.14.5127) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1985)
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68655-7
10.1126/science.3293213
DIEKMANN, S, TEMPERATURE AND SALT DEPENDENCE OF THE GEL MIGRATION ANOMALY OF CURVED DNA FRAGMENTS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 15: 247 (1987). (10.1093/nar/15.1.247) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1987)
EVANS, T, SEQUENCE-DEPENDENT S1 NUCLEASE HYPERSENSITIVITY OF A HETERONOMOUS DNA DUPLEX, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 261: 4771 (1986). / JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (1986)
FURLONG, J.C., HIGHLY SELECTIVE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF CRUCIFORM LOOPS BY DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 14: 3995 (1986). (10.1093/nar/14.10.3995) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1986)
HANVEY, J.C., INFLUENCE OF DNA-SEQUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF NON-B RIGHT-HANDED HELICES IN OLIGOPURINE.OLIGOPYRIMIDINE INSERTS IN PLASMIDS, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 263: 7386 (1988). (10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68654-5) / JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (1988)
HENTSCHEL, C.C., HOMOCOPOLYMER SEQUENCES IN THE SPACER OF A SEA-URCHIN HISTONE GENE REPEAT ARE SENSITIVE TO S1 NUCLEASE, NATURE 295: 714 (1982). (10.1038/295714a0) / NATURE (1982)
HTUN, H, NUCLEASE S1-SENSITIVE SITES IN MULTIGENE FAMILIES - HUMAN U2 SMALL NUCLEAR-RNA GENES, EMBO JOURNAL 4: 1839 (1985). (10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03858.x) / EMBO JOURNAL (1985)
HTUN, H, HUMAN U1 RNA GENES CONTAIN AN UNUSUALLY SENSITIVE NUCLEASE S1 CLEAVAGE SITE WITHIN THE CONSERVED 3' FLANKING REGION, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 81: 7288 (1984). / PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (1984)
HTUN H unpublished data.
JOHNSTON, B.H., CHEMICAL PROBES OF DNA CONFORMATION - DETECTION OF Z-DNA AT NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION, CELL 42: 713 (1985). (10.1016/0092-8674(85)90268-5) / CELL (1985)
JOHNSTON B.H. COMMUNICATION.
10.1126/science.2845572
KLEMENT, J.F., SEQUENCING OF DNA USING T3 RNA-POLYMERASE AND CHAIN TERMINATING RIBONUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS, GENE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 3: 59 (1986). (10.1016/0735-0651(86)90001-4) / GENE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES (1986)
Kochetkov, N. K., Organic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Part B: 295 (1972). / Organic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Part B (1972)
10.1073/pnas.85.11.3781
LEE, J.S., POLY(PYRIMIDINE).POLY(PURINE) SYNTHETIC DNAS CONTAINING 5-METHYLCYTOSINE FORM STABLE TRIPLEXES AT NEUTRAL PH, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 12: 6603 (1984). (10.1093/nar/12.16.6603) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1984)
10.1093/nar/6.9.3073
LEE, J.S., POLYPURINE DNAS AND RNAS FORM SECONDARY STRUCTURES WHICH MAY BE TETRA-STRANDED, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 8: 4305 (1980). (10.1093/nar/8.18.4305) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1980)
10.1093/nar/15.3.1047
LILLEY, DMJ, THE SUPERCOIL-STABILIZED CRUCIFORM OF COLE1 IS HYPER-REACTIVE TO OSMIUM-TETROXIDE, EMBO JOURNAL 3: 1187 (1984). (10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01949.x) / EMBO JOURNAL (1984)
LYAMICHEV, V.I., A PH-DEPENDENT STRUCTURAL TRANSITION IN THE HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE TRACT IN SUPERHELICAL DNA, JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS 3: 327 (1985). (10.1080/07391102.1985.10508420) / JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS (1985)
LYAMICHEV, V.I., ADDITION, JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS 3: 667 (1986). (10.1080/07391102.1986.10508454) / JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS (1986)
LYAMICHEV, V.I., A STABLE COMPLEX BETWEEN HOMOPYRIMIDINE OLIGOMERS AND THE HOMOLOGOUS REGIONS OF DUPLEX DNAS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 16: 2165 (1988). (10.1093/nar/16.5.2165) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1988)
MARGOT, J.B., DNASE-I AND NUCLEASE S1 SENSITIVITY OF THE RABBIT BETA-1 GLOBIN GENE IN NUCLEI AND IN SUPERCOILED PLASMIDS, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 184: 195 (1985). (10.1016/0022-2836(85)90373-0) / JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (1985)
10.1093/nar/12.18.7035
10.1038/330495a0
MORGAN, A.R., SPECIFICITY OF 3-STRANDED COMPLEX FORMATION BETWEEN DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA AND SINGLE-STRANDED RNA CONTAINING REPEATING NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 37: 63 (1968). (10.1016/0022-2836(68)90073-9) / JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (1968)
10.1126/science.3118463
PULLEYBLANK, D.E., A STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR S1 NUCLEASE SENSITIVITY OF DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA, CELL 42: 271 (1985). (10.1016/S0092-8674(85)80122-7) / CELL (1985)
Pulleyblank, D. E., Unusual DNA Structures: 23 (1988). / Unusual DNA Structures (1988)
SCHOLTEN, P.M., DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE - A CHEMICAL PROBE FOR DNA CRUCIFORMS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 14: 3981 (1986). (10.1093/nar/14.10.3981) / NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (1986)
SEN, D, FORMATION OF PARALLEL 4-STRANDED COMPLEXES BY GUANINE-RICH MOTIFS IN DNA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR MEIOSIS, NATURE 334: 364 (1988). (10.1038/334364a0) / NATURE (1988)
10.1093/nar/14.23.9425
ULANOVSKY, L.E., ESTIMATION OF WEDGE COMPONENTS IN CURVED DNA, NATURE 326: 720 (1987). (10.1038/326720a0) / NATURE (1987)
VANDESANDE, J.H., PARALLEL STRANDED DNA, SCIENCE 241: 551 (1988). (10.1126/science.3399890) / SCIENCE (1988)
VOGT, N, CHLOROACETALDEHYDE REACTS WITH Z-DNA, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 201: 773 (1988). (10.1016/0022-2836(88)90474-3) / JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (1988)
VOJTISKOVA, M, CHEMICAL PROBING OF THE HOMOPURINE HOMOPYRIMIDINE TRACT IN SUPERCOILED DNA AT SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION, FEBS LETTERS 234: 295 (1988). (10.1016/0014-5793(88)80102-9) / FEBS LETTERS (1988)
VOLOSHIN, O.N., CHEMICAL PROBING OF HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE MIRROR REPEATS IN SUPERCOILED DNA, NATURE 333: 475 (1988). (10.1038/333475a0) / NATURE (1988)
10.1126/science.3281259
Wells, R. D., Unusual DNA Structures: 1 (1988). / Unusual DNA Structures (1988)
WOHLRAB, F, THE SEGMENT INVERSION SITE OF HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-1 ADOPTS A NOVEL DNA-STRUCTURE, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 262: 6407 (1987). (10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45585-8) / JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (1987)
10.1038/308509a0
YAGIL, G, STRUCTURAL MODELS FOR NON-HELICAL DNA, EMBO JOURNAL 5: 1719 (1986). (10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04416.x) / EMBO JOURNAL (1986)

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 5, 2006, 5:21 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 13, 2024, 4:06 p.m.)
Indexed	3 weeks ago (Aug. 7, 2025, 4:48 p.m.)
Issued	36 years, 10 months ago (Sept. 30, 1988)
Published	36 years, 10 months ago (Sept. 30, 1988)
Published Print	36 years, 10 months ago (Sept. 30, 1988)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Htun_1988, title={Single Strands, Triple Strands, and Kinks in H-DNA}, volume={241}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3175620}, DOI={10.1126/science.3175620}, number={4874}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Htun, Han and Dahlberg, James E.}, year={1988}, month=sep, pages={1791–1796} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        7
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-07T20:48:25Z",
    "timestamp": 1754599705819
  },
  "reference-count": 50,
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
  "issue": "4874",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1988,
        9,
        30
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>\n            A naturally occurring (dT-dC)\n            <jats:sub>18</jats:sub>\n            :(dA-dG)\n            <jats:sub>18</jats:sub>\n            repeat in the H conformation of DNA was shown to contain single-stranded nucleotides in the center of the TC\n            <jats:sub>18</jats:sub>\n            repeat and on one half of the AG\n            <jats:sub>18</jats:sub>\n            repeat. These results support the model that H-DNA is a structure containing both triple-stranded and single-stranded regions. The stability of this structure was affected by both\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H and the degree of negative supercoiling: at\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H 7.6 to 7.7, a high level of supercoiling was needed to keep about half of the molecules in the H conformation; at\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H 6 and\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H 5, normal levels of supercoiling supported H-DNA; and at\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H 4, no supercoiling was required. At mildly alkaline\n            <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n            H, the TC/AG18 repeat assumed a novel conformation called J-DNA that differed from both the B and H forms. A three-dimensional model for the structure of H-DNA is proposed that accounts both for the single-strandedness of the nucleotides and for the influence of supercoiling on H-DNA formation. This model predicts and evidence is presented that H-DNA introduces a sharp kink in the DNA. Moreover, the angle of this kink appears not to be fixed, so that H-DNA is also a hinged-DNA.\n          </jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1126/science.3175620",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2006,
        10,
        5
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2006-10-05T21:21:15Z",
    "timestamp": 1160083275000
  },
  "page": "1791-1796",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 172,
  "title": "Single Strands, Triple Strands, and Kinks in H-DNA",
  "prefix": "10.1126",
  "volume": "241",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Han",
      "family": "Htun",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "James E.",
      "family": "Dahlberg",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "221",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_1_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "719",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/16.2.719",
      "volume": "16",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "ANTAO, V.P., CD OF 6 DIFFERENT CONFORMATIONAL REARRANGEMENTS OF POLY[D(A-G).D(C-T)] INDUCED BY LOW PH, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 16: 719 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_2_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5716",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bi00342a005",
      "volume": "24",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "AXELROD, V.D., TRANSCRIPTION FROM BACTERIOPHAGE-T7 AND SP6 RNA-POLYMERASE PROMOTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF 3'-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE CHAIN TERMINATORS, BIOCHEMISTRY 24: 5716 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "BIOCHEMISTRY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_3_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8059",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/12.21.8059",
      "volume": "12",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "CANTOR, C.R., POSSIBLE STRUCTURES OF HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE S1-HYPERSENSITIVE SITES, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 12: 8059 (1984).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_4_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "777",
      "DOI": "10.1038/332777a0",
      "volume": "332",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "CECH, T.R., DNA BIOCHEMISTRY - G-STRINGS AT CHROMOSOME ENDS, NATURE 332: 777 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_5_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "175",
      "DOI": "10.1038/334175a0",
      "volume": "334",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "CHATTOPADHYAYA, R, X-RAY STRUCTURE OF A DNA HAIRPIN MOLECULE, NATURE 334: 175 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_6_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5127",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/13.14.5127",
      "volume": "13",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "CHRISTOPHE, D, AN UNUSUALLY LONG POLY(PURINE)-POLY(PYRIMIDINE) SEQUENCE IS LOCATED UPSTREAM FROM THE HUMAN THYROGLOBULIN GENE, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 13: 5127 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_7_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68655-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_8_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.3293213"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_9_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "247",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/15.1.247",
      "volume": "15",
      "year": "1987",
      "unstructured": "DIEKMANN, S, TEMPERATURE AND SALT DEPENDENCE OF THE GEL MIGRATION ANOMALY OF CURVED DNA FRAGMENTS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 15: 247 (1987).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_10_1",
      "first-page": "4771",
      "volume": "261",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "EVANS, T, SEQUENCE-DEPENDENT S1 NUCLEASE HYPERSENSITIVITY OF A HETERONOMOUS DNA DUPLEX, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 261: 4771 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_11_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3995",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/14.10.3995",
      "volume": "14",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "FURLONG, J.C., HIGHLY SELECTIVE CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF CRUCIFORM LOOPS BY DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 14: 3995 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_12_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "7386",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68654-5",
      "volume": "263",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "HANVEY, J.C., INFLUENCE OF DNA-SEQUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF NON-B RIGHT-HANDED HELICES IN OLIGOPURINE.OLIGOPYRIMIDINE INSERTS IN PLASMIDS, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 263: 7386 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_13_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "714",
      "DOI": "10.1038/295714a0",
      "volume": "295",
      "year": "1982",
      "unstructured": "HENTSCHEL, C.C., HOMOCOPOLYMER SEQUENCES IN THE SPACER OF A SEA-URCHIN HISTONE GENE REPEAT ARE SENSITIVE TO S1 NUCLEASE, NATURE 295: 714 (1982).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_14_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1839",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03858.x",
      "volume": "4",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "HTUN, H, NUCLEASE S1-SENSITIVE SITES IN MULTIGENE FAMILIES - HUMAN U2 SMALL NUCLEAR-RNA GENES, EMBO JOURNAL 4: 1839 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "EMBO JOURNAL"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_15_1",
      "first-page": "7288",
      "volume": "81",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "HTUN, H, HUMAN U1 RNA GENES CONTAIN AN UNUSUALLY SENSITIVE NUCLEASE S1 CLEAVAGE SITE WITHIN THE CONSERVED 3' FLANKING REGION, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 81: 7288 (1984).",
      "journal-title": "PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_16_1",
      "unstructured": "HTUN H unpublished data."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_17_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "713",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0092-8674(85)90268-5",
      "volume": "42",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "JOHNSTON, B.H., CHEMICAL PROBES OF DNA CONFORMATION - DETECTION OF Z-DNA AT NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION, CELL 42: 713 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "CELL"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_18_1",
      "unstructured": "JOHNSTON B.H. COMMUNICATION."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_19_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.2845572"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_20_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "59",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0735-0651(86)90001-4",
      "volume": "3",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "KLEMENT, J.F., SEQUENCING OF DNA USING T3 RNA-POLYMERASE AND CHAIN TERMINATING RIBONUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS, GENE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 3: 59 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "GENE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_21_1",
      "first-page": "295",
      "year": "1972",
      "unstructured": "Kochetkov, N. K., Organic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Part B: 295 (1972).",
      "journal-title": "Organic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, Part B"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_22_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.85.11.3781"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_23_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6603",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/12.16.6603",
      "volume": "12",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "LEE, J.S., POLY(PYRIMIDINE).POLY(PURINE) SYNTHETIC DNAS CONTAINING 5-METHYLCYTOSINE FORM STABLE TRIPLEXES AT NEUTRAL PH, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 12: 6603 (1984).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_24_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/6.9.3073"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_25_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4305",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/8.18.4305",
      "volume": "8",
      "year": "1980",
      "unstructured": "LEE, J.S., POLYPURINE DNAS AND RNAS FORM SECONDARY STRUCTURES WHICH MAY BE TETRA-STRANDED, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 8: 4305 (1980).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_26_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/15.3.1047"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_27_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1187",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01949.x",
      "volume": "3",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "LILLEY, DMJ, THE SUPERCOIL-STABILIZED CRUCIFORM OF COLE1 IS HYPER-REACTIVE TO OSMIUM-TETROXIDE, EMBO JOURNAL 3: 1187 (1984).",
      "journal-title": "EMBO JOURNAL"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_28_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "327",
      "DOI": "10.1080/07391102.1985.10508420",
      "volume": "3",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "LYAMICHEV, V.I., A PH-DEPENDENT STRUCTURAL TRANSITION IN THE HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE TRACT IN SUPERHELICAL DNA, JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS 3: 327 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_29_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "667",
      "DOI": "10.1080/07391102.1986.10508454",
      "volume": "3",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "LYAMICHEV, V.I., ADDITION, JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS 3: 667 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_30_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2165",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/16.5.2165",
      "volume": "16",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "LYAMICHEV, V.I., A STABLE COMPLEX BETWEEN HOMOPYRIMIDINE OLIGOMERS AND THE HOMOLOGOUS REGIONS OF DUPLEX DNAS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 16: 2165 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_31_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "195",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-2836(85)90373-0",
      "volume": "184",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "MARGOT, J.B., DNASE-I AND NUCLEASE S1 SENSITIVITY OF THE RABBIT BETA-1 GLOBIN GENE IN NUCLEI AND IN SUPERCOILED PLASMIDS, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 184: 195 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_32_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/12.18.7035"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_33_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/330495a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_34_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "63",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-2836(68)90073-9",
      "volume": "37",
      "year": "1968",
      "unstructured": "MORGAN, A.R., SPECIFICITY OF 3-STRANDED COMPLEX FORMATION BETWEEN DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA AND SINGLE-STRANDED RNA CONTAINING REPEATING NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 37: 63 (1968).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_35_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.3118463"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_36_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "271",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0092-8674(85)80122-7",
      "volume": "42",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "PULLEYBLANK, D.E., A STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR S1 NUCLEASE SENSITIVITY OF DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA, CELL 42: 271 (1985).",
      "journal-title": "CELL"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_37_1",
      "first-page": "23",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "Pulleyblank, D. E., Unusual DNA Structures: 23 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "Unusual DNA Structures"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_38_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3981",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/14.10.3981",
      "volume": "14",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "SCHOLTEN, P.M., DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE - A CHEMICAL PROBE FOR DNA CRUCIFORMS, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 14: 3981 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_39_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "364",
      "DOI": "10.1038/334364a0",
      "volume": "334",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "SEN, D, FORMATION OF PARALLEL 4-STRANDED COMPLEXES BY GUANINE-RICH MOTIFS IN DNA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR MEIOSIS, NATURE 334: 364 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_40_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/14.23.9425"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_41_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "720",
      "DOI": "10.1038/326720a0",
      "volume": "326",
      "year": "1987",
      "unstructured": "ULANOVSKY, L.E., ESTIMATION OF WEDGE COMPONENTS IN CURVED DNA, NATURE 326: 720 (1987).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_42_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "551",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.3399890",
      "volume": "241",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "VANDESANDE, J.H., PARALLEL STRANDED DNA, SCIENCE 241: 551 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "SCIENCE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_43_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "773",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-2836(88)90474-3",
      "volume": "201",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "VOGT, N, CHLOROACETALDEHYDE REACTS WITH Z-DNA, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 201: 773 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_44_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "295",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0014-5793(88)80102-9",
      "volume": "234",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "VOJTISKOVA, M, CHEMICAL PROBING OF THE HOMOPURINE HOMOPYRIMIDINE TRACT IN SUPERCOILED DNA AT SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION, FEBS LETTERS 234: 295 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "FEBS LETTERS"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_45_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "475",
      "DOI": "10.1038/333475a0",
      "volume": "333",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "VOLOSHIN, O.N., CHEMICAL PROBING OF HOMOPURINE-HOMOPYRIMIDINE MIRROR REPEATS IN SUPERCOILED DNA, NATURE 333: 475 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "NATURE"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_46_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.3281259"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_47_1",
      "first-page": "1",
      "year": "1988",
      "unstructured": "Wells, R. D., Unusual DNA Structures: 1 (1988).",
      "journal-title": "Unusual DNA Structures"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_48_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6407",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45585-8",
      "volume": "262",
      "year": "1987",
      "unstructured": "WOHLRAB, F, THE SEGMENT INVERSION SITE OF HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-1 ADOPTS A NOVEL DNA-STRUCTURE, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 262: 6407 (1987).",
      "journal-title": "JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_49_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/308509a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_50_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1719",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04416.x",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "YAGIL, G, STRUCTURAL MODELS FOR NON-HELICAL DNA, EMBO JOURNAL 5: 1719 (1986).",
      "journal-title": "EMBO JOURNAL"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Science",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.3175620",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        1,
        13
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-01-13T21:06:30Z",
    "timestamp": 1705179990000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.3175620"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1988,
        9,
        30
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 50,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "4874",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1988,
          9,
          30
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1126/science.3175620"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3175620",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0036-8075",
    "1095-9203"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Science",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1988,
        9,
        30
      ]
    ]
  }
}