Drug Discovery: A Historical Perspective
10.1126/science.287.5460.1960
Crossref journal-article
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Science (221)
Abstract

Driven by chemistry but increasingly guided by pharmacology and the clinical sciences, drug research has contributed more to the progress of medicine during the past century than any other scientific factor. The advent of molecular biology and, in particular, of genomic sciences is having a deep impact on drug discovery. Recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies have greatly enriched our therapeutic armamentarium. Genome sciences, combined with bioinformatic tools, allow us to dissect the genetic basis of multifactorial diseases and to determine the most suitable points of attack for future medicines, thereby increasing the number of treatment options. The dramatic increase in the complexity of drug research is enforcing changes in the institutional basis of this interdisciplinary endeavor. The biotech industry is establishing itself as the discovery arm of the pharmaceutical industry. In bridging the gap between academia and large pharmaceutical companies, the biotech firms have been effective instruments of technology transfer.

Bibliography

Drews, J. (2000). Drug Discovery: A Historical Perspective. Science, 287(5460), 1960–1964.

Authors 1
  1. Jürgen Drews (first)
References 66 Referenced 2,170
  1. J. Drews in Quest of Tomorrow's Medicines (Springer- Verlag New York 1999) pp. 51–68. (10.1007/978-1-4612-1404-5_3)
  2. F. J. Moore A History of Chemistry (McGraw-Hill New York 1918) pp. 212–220.
  3. A. M. Roberts Serendipity (Wiley New York 1989) pp. 66–74.
  4. P. Ehrlich in Gesammelte Arbeiten F. Himmelweit Ed. (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1957).
  5. Sertürner F. W., Gilbert's Annalen d. Physik 25, 56 (1817). (10.1002/andp.18170550104) / Gilbert's Annalen d. Physik by Sertürner F. W. (1817)
  6. W. Sneader Drug Discovery (Wiley New York 1985).
  7. E. Farber The Evolution of Chemistry; a History of Its Ideas Methods and Materials L. Fiebiger Ed. (Ronald Press New York 1952) pp. 173–188.
  8. Koch-Weser J., Schechter P. J., Life Sci. 22, 1361 (1978). (10.1016/0024-3205(78)90099-1) / Life Sci. by Koch-Weser J. (1978)
  9. H. C. Peyer Roche-Geschichte einer Unternehmung 1896–1996 (Roche Basel 1996).
  10. Chain E., et al., Lancet i, 226 (1940). (10.1016/S0140-6736(01)08728-1) / Lancet by Chain E. (1940)
  11. Fleming A., Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 10, 226 (1940). / Br. J. Exp. Pathol. by Fleming A. (1940)
  12. Taylor H. R., Int. Ophthalmol. 2, 83 (1987). (10.1007/BF00136735) / Int. Ophthalmol. by Taylor H. R. (1987)
  13. Alberts A. W., Am. J. Cardiol. 15, 10J (1988). (10.1016/0002-9149(88)90002-1) / Am. J. Cardiol. by Alberts A. W. (1988)
  14. D. J. G. White Ed. Proceedings of an International Conference on Cyclosporin A (Elsevier Amsterdam 1982) pp. 5–19.
  15. Tanaka H., et al., Yakugaku Zasshi 8, 542 (1997). (10.1248/yakushi1947.117.8_542) / Yakugaku Zasshi by Tanaka H. (1997)
  16. Meldrum N. U., Roughton F. J., J. Physiol. 80, 113 (1933). (10.1113/jphysiol.1933.sp003077) / J. Physiol. by Meldrum N. U. (1933)
  17. Schwartz W. B., N. Engl. J. Med. 240, 173 (1949). (10.1056/NEJM194902032400503) / N. Engl. J. Med. by Schwartz W. B. (1949)
  18. R. A. Maxwell and S. B. Eckhardt Drug Discovery: A Casebook and Analysis (Humana Clifton NJ 1990). (10.1007/978-1-4612-0469-5)
  19. Langley J. N., J. Physiol. (London) 33, 374 (1905). (10.1113/jphysiol.1905.sp001128) / J. Physiol. (London) by Langley J. N. (1905)
  20. Ahlquist R. P., Am. J. Physiol. 1, 100 (1948). / Am. J. Physiol. by Ahlquist R. P. (1948)
  21. J. W. Black in Drug Responses in Man (CIBA Foundation Symposium Basel Switzerland 1967) pp. 111–117. (10.1002/9780470719558.ch7)
  22. Z. Bacq in Discoveries in Pharmacology M. J. Parham and J. Braunfels Eds. (Elsevier Amsterdam 1983) vol.1 pp. 49–101.
  23. Hunkeler W., et al., Nature 290, 514 (1981). (10.1038/290514a0) / Nature by Hunkeler W. (1981)
  24. Buske C., et al., Eur. J. Cancer 4, 549 (1999). (10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00420-1) / Eur. J. Cancer by Buske C. (1999)
  25. J. Drews in Human Disease—from Genetic Causes to Biochemical Effects J. Drews and St. Ryser Eds. (Blackwell Berlin 1997) pp. 5–9.
  26. J. Drews and St. Ryser Classic Drug Targets. Special Pullout [ Nature Biotechnol. 15 (1997)].
  27. Zipkin I., Michael A., BioCentury 7, 1 (1999). / BioCentury by Zipkin I. (1999)
  28. Cragg M. S., et al., Curr. Opin. Immunol. 5, 541 (1999). (10.1016/S0952-7915(99)00010-2) / Curr. Opin. Immunol. by Cragg M. S. (1999)
  29. Drews J., Drug Discovery Today 3, 491 (1998). (10.1016/S1359-6446(98)01252-5) / Drug Discovery Today by Drews J. (1998)
  30. 10.1038/256495a0
  31. Winter G., Harris W. J., Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 14, 139 (1993). (10.1016/0165-6147(93)90197-R) / Trends Pharmacol. Sci. by Winter G. (1993)
  32. Queen C., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U.S.A. 86, 10029 (1989). (10.1073/pnas.86.24.10029) / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U.S.A. by Queen C. (1989)
  33. Bruggemann M., Neuberger M. S., Immunol. Today 8, 391 (1996). (10.1016/0167-5699(96)10025-6) / Immunol. Today by Bruggemann M. (1996)
  34. 10.1126/science.2531466
  35. Hoogenboom H. R., et al., Immunotechnology 4, 1 (1998). (10.1016/S1380-2933(98)00007-4) / Immunotechnology by Hoogenboom H. R. (1998)
  36. Rodi D. J., Makowski L., Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 10, 87 (1999). (10.1016/S0958-1669(99)80016-0) / Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. by Rodi D. J. (1999)
  37. S. Wright Evolution and the Genetics of Populations: Genetic and Biometric Foundations (Univ. of Chicago Press Chicago IL 1984).
  38. P. J. Guillauseau D. Tielmans M. Virally-Monod M. Assayag Diabetes Metab. 23 (Suppl. 2) 14 (1997).
  39. Shimkets R. A., Lifton R. P., Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2, 162 (1996). (10.1097/00041552-199603000-00011) / Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. by Shimkets R. A. (1996)
  40. J. Drews and St. Ryser Drug Discovery Today 2 365 (1997). (10.1016/S1359-6446(97)01086-6)
  41. M. Sills personal communication.
  42. J. Drews and St. Ryser Drug Inf. J. 30 97 (1996). (10.1177/009286159603000113)
  43. Drews J., Drug Discovery Today 3, 491 (1998). (10.1016/S1359-6446(98)01252-5) / Drug Discovery Today by Drews J. (1998)
  44. Lahana R., Drug Discovery Today 4, 447 (1999). (10.1016/S1359-6446(99)01393-8) / Drug Discovery Today by Lahana R. (1999)
  45. 10.1126/science.286.5441.971
  46. 10.1126/science.286.5449.2507
  47. Aramburu J., et al., Science 285, 2129 (1999). (10.1126/science.285.5436.2129) / Science by Aramburu J. (1999)
  48. Haffner S. M., Mykkanen L. A., Gonzalez C. C., Stern M. P., Int. J. Obes. Rel. Metab. Disord. 7, 695 (1998). (10.1038/sj.ijo.0800619) / Int. J. Obes. Rel. Metab. Disord. by Haffner S. M. (1998)
  49. Hussain M. M., Strickland D. K., Bakillah A., Annu. Rev. Nutr. 19, 141 (1999). (10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.141) / Annu. Rev. Nutr. by Hussain M. M. (1999)
  50. Sakiniene E., Heyman B., Tarkowski A., Scand. J. Immunol. 3, 250 (1999). (10.1046/j.1365-3083.1999.00595.x) / Scand. J. Immunol. by Sakiniene E. (1999)
  51. Chouchane L., et al., Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 120, 50 (1999). (10.1159/000024219) / Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. by Chouchane L. (1999)
  52. St. Ligget in preparation.
  53. 10.1056/NEJM199801083380203
  54. St.
  55. Dixon L., Villar H. O., J. Chem. Inf. Comp. Sci. 38, 1192 (1998). (10.1021/ci980105+) / J. Chem. Inf. Comp. Sci. by Dixon L. (1998)
  56. Kauvar L. M., et al., Chem. Biol. 2, 107 (1995). (10.1016/1074-5521(95)90283-X) / Chem. Biol. by Kauvar L. M. (1995)
  57. St.
  58. Burley K., et al., Nature Genet. 23, 151 (1999). (10.1038/13783) / Nature Genet. by Burley K. (1999)
  59. Lindley P. F., Acta Crystallogr. D. 55, 1654 (1999). (10.1107/S0907444999008288) / Acta Crystallogr. D. by Lindley P. F. (1999)
  60. Brenner S. E., Chothia C., Hubbard T., Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 7, 369 (1997). (10.1016/S0959-440X(97)80054-1) / Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. by Brenner S. E. (1997)
  61. Wells J. A., et al., Recent Prog. Hormone Res. 48, 253 (1993). (10.1016/B978-0-12-571148-7.50013-0) / Recent Prog. Hormone Res. by Wells J. A. (1993)
  62. Stigers K. D., Soth M. J., Nowick J. S., Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 6, 714 (1999). (10.1016/S1367-5931(99)00030-7) / Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. by Stigers K. D. (1999)
  63. 10.1126/science.7529940
  64. L. S. Goodman et al. Eds. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (McGraw-Hill New York ed. 9 1996).
  65. I am indebted to J. Curtis for doing the illustrations.
  66. {newshr}Review
Dates
Type When
Created 23 years, 1 month ago (July 27, 2002, 5:45 a.m.)
Deposited 1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 13, 2024, 5:48 a.m.)
Indexed 2 days ago (Sept. 3, 2025, 6:41 a.m.)
Issued 25 years, 5 months ago (March 17, 2000)
Published 25 years, 5 months ago (March 17, 2000)
Published Print 25 years, 5 months ago (March 17, 2000)
Funders 0

None

@article{Drews_2000, title={Drug Discovery: A Historical Perspective}, volume={287}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.287.5460.1960}, DOI={10.1126/science.287.5460.1960}, number={5460}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Drews, Jürgen}, year={2000}, month=mar, pages={1960–1964} }