Abstract
Ferromagnetism in manganese compound semiconductors not only opens prospects for tailoring magnetic and spin-related phenomena in semiconductors with a precision specific to III-V compounds but also addresses a question about the origin of the magnetic interactions that lead to a Curie temperature ( T C ) as high as 110 K for a manganese concentration of just 5%. Zener's model of ferromagnetism, originally proposed for transition metals in 1950, can explain T C of Ga 1− x Mn x As and that of its II-VI counterpart Zn 1− x Mn x Te and is used to predict materials with T C exceeding room temperature, an important step toward semiconductor electronics that use both charge and spin.
References
46
Referenced
7,304
- See for example S. Das Sarma and A. Pinczuk Eds. Perspectives in Quantum Hall Effects (Wiley New York 1997); J. Rarity and C. Weisbuch Microcavities and Photonic Bandgaps: Physics and Applications (Kluwer Dordrecht Netherlands 1996);
-
Julien F. H., Alexandrou A., Science 282, 1429 (1998).
(
10.1126/science.282.5393.1429
) / Science by Julien F. H. (1998) - and references therein.
-
Ohno H., Munekata H., Penney T., von Molnár S., Chang L. L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2664 (1992).
(
10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.2664
) / Phys. Rev. Lett. by Ohno H. (1992) - H. Ohno et al. in Proceedings 23rd International Conference on Physics of Semiconductors (World Scientific Singapore 1996) pp. 405–408;
-
Ohno H., et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 363 (1996).
(
10.1063/1.118061
) / Appl. Phys. Lett. by Ohno H. (1996) -
Shi J., Gider S., Babcock K., Awschalom D. D., Science 271, 937 (1996);
(
10.1126/science.271.5251.937
) / Science by Shi J. (1996) 10.1126/science.281.5379.951
10.1126/science.282.5394.1660
-
; J. De Boeck and G. Borghs Phys. World (April 1999) p. 27;
(
10.1088/2058-7058/12/4/22
) -
DiVincenzo D. P., J. Appl. Phys. 85, 4785 (1999).
(
10.1063/1.370481
) / J. Appl. Phys. by DiVincenzo D. P. (1999) - and references therein.
-
Shioda R., Ando K., Hayashi T., Tanaka M., Phys. Rev. B 58, 1100 (1998).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.58.1100
) / Phys. Rev. B by Shioda R. (1998) -
Oiwa A., et al., Solid State Commun. 103, 209 (1997).
(
10.1016/S0038-1098(97)00178-6
) / Solid State Commun. by Oiwa A. (1997) -
Van Esch A., et al., Phys. Rev. B 56, 13103 (1997);
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.56.13103
) / Phys. Rev. B by Van Esch A. (1997) -
Matsukura F., Ohno H., Shen A., Sugawara Y., Phys. Rev. B 57, R2037 (1998);
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R2037
) / Phys. Rev. B by Matsukura F. (1998) -
Shimizu H., Hayashi T., Nishinaga T., Tanaka M., Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 398 (1999).
(
10.1063/1.123082
) / Appl. Phys. Lett. by Shimizu H. (1999) -
Linnarsson M., Janzén E., Monemar B., Kleverman M., Thilderkvist A., Phys. Rev. B 55, 6938 (1997).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.55.6938
) / Phys. Rev. B by Linnarsson M. (1997) - Averkiev N. S., Gutkin A. A., Osipov E. B., Reshchikov M. A., Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 21, 1847 (1987). / Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. by Averkiev N. S. (1987)
- [ Sov. Phys. Semicond. 21 1119 (1987)].
- C. Benoit à la Guillaume
-
Scalbert D., Dietl T., Phys. Rev. B 46, 9853 (1992).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.46.9853
) / Phys. Rev. B by Scalbert D. (1992) -
Okabayashi J., et al., Phys. Rev. B 58, R4211 (1998).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R4211
) / Phys. Rev. B by Okabayashi J. (1998) -
Zener C., Phys. Rev. 81, 440 (1950);
(
10.1103/PhysRev.81.440
) / Phys. Rev. by Zener C. (1950) - ; Phys. Rev. 83 299 (1950). A similar model for the nuclear ferromagnetism was developed by H. Fröhlich and F. R. N. Nabarro [ Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 175 382 (1940)].
-
T. Dietl A. Haury Y. Merle d'Aubigné Phys. Rev. B 55 R3347 (1997).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.55.R3347
) - See for example G. L. Bir and G. E. Pikus Symmetry and Strain-Induced Effects in Semiconductors (Wiley New York 1974).
- See for example
10.1063/1.341700
- D. Bimberg et al. in Landolt-Börstein New Series vol. 17a O. Madelung M. Schulz W. Weiss Eds. (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1982); I. Broser et al. in Landolt-Börstein New Series vol. 17b O. Madelung M. Schulz W. Weiss Eds. (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1982); O. Madelung W. von der Osten U. Rössler in Landolt-Börstein New Series vol. 22a O. Madelung Ed. (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1987); R. Blachnik et al. in Landolt-Börstein New Series vol. 41B U. Rössler Ed. (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1999);
-
Stolpe I., et al., Physica B 256–258, 659 (1998).
(
10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00598-5
) / Physica B by Stolpe I. (1998) -
Twardowski A., Świderski P., von Ortenberg M., Pauthenet R., Solid State Commun. 50, 509 (1984).
(
10.1016/0038-1098(84)90318-1
) / Solid State Commun. by Twardowski A. (1984) -
Jungwirth T., Atkinson W. A., Lee B. H., MacDonald A. H., Phys. Rev. B 59, 9818 (1999).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.59.9818
) / Phys. Rev. B by Jungwirth T. (1999) -
Shapira Y., et al., Phys. Rev. B 33, 356 (1986).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.33.356
) / Phys. Rev. B by Shapira Y. (1986) -
Sawicki M., et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 508 (1986);
(
10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.508
) / Phys. Rev. Lett. by Sawicki M. (1986) -
; P. Głód T. Dietl M. Sawicki I. Miotkowski Physica B 194-196 995 (1994).
(
10.1016/0921-4526(94)90827-3
) -
Ohno H., Matsukura F., Omiya T., Akiba N., J. Appl. Phys. 85, 4277 (1999).
(
10.1063/1.370343
) / J. Appl. Phys. by Ohno H. (1999) - D. Ferrand et al. J. Crystal Growth in press (e-print available at xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cond-mat/9910131).
- See for example
-
Paalanen M. A., Bhatt R. N., Physica B 169, 223 (1991).
(
10.1016/0921-4526(91)90233-5
) / Physica B by Paalanen M. A. (1991) -
Beshoten B., et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3073 (1999).
(
10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3073
) / Phys. Rev. Lett. by Beshoten B. (1999) - J. Blinowski P. Kacman J. A. Majewski in High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics II G. Landwehr and W. Ossau Eds. (World Scientific Singapore 1997) pp. 861–864.
- Parameters of ZnO were obtained by fitting the kp model (14) to energies calculated by D. Vogel P. Krüger and J. Pollmann [ Phys. Rev. B 54 5495 (1996)] and by taking β(ZnMnO) = β(ZnMnSe).
- T. Dietl H. Ohno F. Matsukura J. Cibert D. Ferrand data not shown.
-
Kim K., Lambrecht W. L. R., Segall B., van Schilfgaarde M., Phys. Rev. B 56, 7363 (1997).
(
10.1103/PhysRevB.56.7363
) / Phys. Rev. B by Kim K. (1997) - The work at Tohoku University was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and by the Ministry of Education Japan.
Dates
Type | When |
---|---|
Created | 23 years, 1 month ago (July 27, 2002, 5:40 a.m.) |
Deposited | 1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 13, 2024, 5:48 a.m.) |
Indexed | 3 minutes ago (Aug. 30, 2025, 12:01 a.m.) |
Issued | 25 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 11, 2000) |
Published | 25 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 11, 2000) |
Published Print | 25 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 11, 2000) |
@article{Dietl_2000, title={Zener Model Description of Ferromagnetism in Zinc-Blende Magnetic Semiconductors}, volume={287}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.287.5455.1019}, DOI={10.1126/science.287.5455.1019}, number={5455}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Dietl, T. and Ohno, H. and Matsukura, F. and Cibert, J. and Ferrand, D.}, year={2000}, month=feb, pages={1019–1022} }