Crossref journal-article
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Science (221)
Abstract

The sophisticated use of self-organizing materials, which include liquid crystals, block copolymers, hydrogen- and π-bonded complexes, and many natural polymers, may hold the key to developing new structures and devices in many advanced technology industries. Synthetic materials are usually designed with only one structure-forming process in mind. However, combination of both complementary and antagonistic interactions in macromolecular systems can create order in materials over many length scales. Here polymer materials that make use of competing molecular interactions are summarized, and the prospects for the further development of such materials through both synthetic and processing pathways are highlighted.

Bibliography

Muthukumar, M., Ober, C. K., & Thomas, E. L. (1997). Competing Interactions and Levels of Ordering in Self-Organizing Polymeric Materials. Science, 277(5330), 1225–1232.

Authors 3
  1. M. Muthukumar (first)
  2. C. K. Ober (additional)
  3. E. L. Thomas (additional)
References 44 Referenced 677
  1. 10.1126/science.1962191
  2. E. Reichmanis C. K. Ober S. MacDonald T. Iwaynagi T. Nishikubo Eds. Microelectronics Technology: Polymers in Advanced Imaging and Packaging (ACS Symposium Series 614 American Chemical Society Washington DC 1995). (10.1021/bk-1995-0614)
  3. P.-G. de Gennes Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics (Cornell Univ. Press Ithaca NY 1979); F. W. Wiegel Conformational Phase Transitions in a Macromolecule: Exactly Solvable Models in Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena C. Domb and J. L. Lebowitz Eds. (Academic Press New York 1983) vol. 7.
  4. 10.1146/annurev.pc.41.100190.002521
  5. For a discussion of several of the processes leading to self-organization see special issue on the 1996 NATO Workshop on Tandem Molecular Interactions in R. Zentel G. Galli C. K. Ober Eds. Macromol. Symp. 117 (1997).
  6. Dessipri E., Tirrell D. A., Atkins E. D. T., Macromolecules 29, 3545 (1996). (10.1021/ma9510707) / Macromolecules by Dessipri E. (1996)
  7. Muthukumar M., J. Chem. Phys. 103, 4723 (1995); (10.1063/1.470691) / J. Chem. Phys. by Muthukumar M. (1995)
  8. ; Comput. Mater. Sci. 4 370 (1995). (10.1088/0964-1726/4/4/019)
  9. For the specific example of diblock copolymers the topological connectivity of various monomers in every chain appears as a density-density correlation at a distance r being proportional to 1/ r so that α = 2 (the Fourier transform of 1/ r is 1/ k 2 in three dimensions). The long-range interaction can originate from such entropic correlations or electrostatic interactions (as in the case of surfactant and polyelectrolyte solutions) or chemical reactions (as in the case of simultaneous occurrence of macrophase separation and chemical reactions or hydrogen bonding).
  10. The scheme requires consideration of shape and packing at the atomic and molecular level as well as at higher levels of scale leading to the three dimensional structure of the overall aggregate. Bringing the set of components together into the requisite array in a single process step (for example by cooling the mixture) is extremely difficult particularly when the basic units have conformational diversity under the conditions of the assembly process. Indeed this situation is a critical issue for if the system or parents of the system adopt wrong shapes and packings then the desired structures may not even form.
  11. Simmons A. H., Michal C. A., Jelinski L. W., Science 271, 84 (1996). (10.1126/science.271.5245.84) / Science by Simmons A. H. (1996)
  12. 10.1073/pnas.90.1.163
  13. ; M. Kotera J.-M. Lehn J.-P. Vigneron Tetrahedron 51 (No. 7) 1953 (1995). 12. (10.1016/0040-4020(94)01076-C)
  14. Müller M., Kremer F., Stadler R., Fischer E. W., Seidel U., Colloid Polym. Sci. 273, 38 (1995). (10.1007/BF00655672) / Colloid Polym. Sci. by Müller M. (1995)
  15. Kato T., Kihara H., Kumar U., Uryu T., Fréchet J. M. J., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33, 1644 (1994); (10.1002/anie.199416441) / Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. by Kato T. (1994)
  16. Kato T., Nakano M., Moteki T., Uryu T., Ujiie S., Macromolecules 28, 8875 (1995). (10.1021/ma00130a026) / Macromolecules by Kato T. (1995)
  17. C. G. Bazuin F. A. Brandys T. M. Eve M. Plante Macromol. Symp. 84 183 (1994); (10.1002/masy.19940840121)
  18. Bazuin C. G., Tork A., Macromolecules 28, 8877 (1995); (10.1021/ma00130a027) / Macromolecules by Bazuin C. G. (1995)
  19. ; R. Tal'roze S. Kuptsov T. Sycheva V. Bezborodov N. Plate ibid. p. 8689.
  20. Ruokalainen J., et al., Macromolecules 28, 7779 (1995); (10.1021/ma00127a027) / Macromolecules by Ruokalainen J. (1995)
  21. Ruokalainen J., ten Brinke G., Ikkala O., Torkkeli M., Serimaa R., ibid. 29, 3409 (1996). / ibid. by Ruokalainen J. (1996)
  22. A. Pron J. Lostra J.-E. Österholm P. J. Smith Polymer 34 4235 (1993); (10.1016/0032-3861(93)90182-A)
  23. Vikki T., et al., Macromolecules 29, 2945 (1996). (10.1021/ma951555v) / Macromolecules by Vikki T. (1996)
  24. Peter R. Ashton et al. Angew. Int. Ed. Engl. 36 735 (1997). (10.1002/anie.199707351)
  25. Gong C., Gibson H., Macromolecules 29, 7029 (1996); (10.1021/ma960769p) / Macromolecules by Gong C. (1996)
  26. Wenz G., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33, 803 (1994). (10.1002/anie.199408031) / Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. by Wenz G. (1994)
  27. Ober C. K., Wegner G., Adv. Mater. 9, 17 (1997). (10.1002/adma.19970090104) / Adv. Mater. by Ober C. K. (1997)
  28. V. Percec and G. Johansson Macromol. Symp. 95 173 (1995). (10.1002/masy.19950960117)
  29. Park J. M., Muhoberac B. B., Dubin P. L., Xia J., Macromolecules 25, 290 (1992). (10.1021/ma00027a047) / Macromolecules by Park J. M. (1992)
  30. Thomas E. L., Anderson D. M., Henkee C. J., Hoffman D., Nature 334, 598 (1988). (10.1038/334598a0) / Nature by Thomas E. L. (1988)
  31. Seddon J. M., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1031, 1 (1990); (10.1016/0304-4157(90)90002-T) / Biochim. Biophys. Acta by Seddon J. M. (1990)
  32. Hashimoto T., Takenaka M., Izumitani T., J. Chem. Phys. 97, 697 (1992); (10.1063/1.463562) / J. Chem. Phys. by Hashimoto T. (1992)
  33. Lauger J., Lay R., Gronski W., ibid. 101, 7181 (1994). / ibid. by Lauger J. (1994)
  34. J.-P. Billot A. Douy B. Gallot Makromol. Chem. 178 1641 (1977). (10.1002/macp.1977.021780604)
  35. J. Adams and W. Gronski Makromol. Chem. Rapid Commun. 10 553 (1989). (10.1002/marc.1989.030101009)
  36. 10.1126/science.276.5311.384
  37. Chen J. T., Thomas E. L., Ober C. K., Mao G.-P., ibid. 273, 343 (1996); / ibid. by Chen J. T. (1996)
  38. 10.1021/ma00109a048
  39. Mao G.-P., et al., Macromolecules 30, 2556 (1997). (10.1021/ma9617835) / Macromolecules by Mao G.-P. (1997)
  40. Omenat A., Hikmet R. A. M., Lub J., Van der Sluis P., ibid. 29, 6730 (1996); / ibid. by Omenat A. (1996)
  41. ; W. Y. Zheng and P. T. Hammond Macromol. Rapid Commun. 17 813 (1996). (10.1002/marc.1996.030171109)
  42. M. Brehmer R. Zentel G. Mao C. K. Ober Macromol. Symp. 117 245 (1997). (10.1002/masy.19971170121)
  43. Wang J.-G., Mao G.-P., Ober C. K., Kramer E. J., Macromolecules 30, 1906 (1997). (10.1021/ma961412o) / Macromolecules by Wang J.-G. (1997)
  44. We have benefited from interactions with many students and co-workers and would like to thank former members of our research groups. In particular C.K.O. thanks G.-P. Mao and J.-G. Wang and E.L.T. thanks J. T. Chen. Funding from NSF (DMR-970527) (to M.M. C.K.O. and E.L.T.) and both NSF (DMR-9201845) and the Air Force Office of Sponsored Research (MURI PC 218975) (to C.K.O. and E.L.T.) is gratefully acknowledged. C.K.O. thanks the Office of Naval Research for support of the fluoropolymer work.
Dates
Type When
Created 23 years ago (July 27, 2002, 5:44 a.m.)
Deposited 1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 13, 2024, 12:54 a.m.)
Indexed 3 days, 11 hours ago (Aug. 21, 2025, 12:41 p.m.)
Issued 27 years, 11 months ago (Aug. 29, 1997)
Published 27 years, 11 months ago (Aug. 29, 1997)
Published Print 27 years, 11 months ago (Aug. 29, 1997)
Funders 0

None

@article{Muthukumar_1997, title={Competing Interactions and Levels of Ordering in Self-Organizing Polymeric Materials}, volume={277}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5330.1225}, DOI={10.1126/science.277.5330.1225}, number={5330}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Muthukumar, M. and Ober, C. K. and Thomas, E. L.}, year={1997}, month=aug, pages={1225–1232} }