DOI: 10.1126/science.222.4620.159. Rates of Evolution: Effects of Time and Temporal Scaling

Rates of Evolution: Effects of Time and Temporal Scaling

10.1126/science.222.4620.159

Crossref journal-article

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Science (221)

Abstract

Rates of morphological evolution documented in laboratory selection experiments, historical colonization events, and the fossil record are inversely related to the interval of time over which they are measured. This inverse relationship is an artifact of comparing a narrow range of morphological variation over a wide range of time intervals, and it is also a product of time averaging. Rates measured over different intervals of time must be scaled against interval length before they can be compared.

Bibliography

Gingerich, P. D. (1983). Rates of Evolution: Effects of Time and Temporal Scaling. Science, 222(4620), 159â161.

Authors 1

Philip D. Gingerich (first)

References 32 Referenced 368

ASHTON, E.H., THE INFLUENCE OF GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION ON THE SKULL OF THE GREEN MONKEY (CERCOPITHECUS-AETHIOPS-SABAEUS) .1. A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TEETH OF THE ST KITTS AND THE AFRICAN GREEN MONKEY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 137: 212 (1950). / PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (1950)
ASHTON, E.H., THE INFLUENCE OF GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION ON THE SKULL OF THE GREEN MONKEY (CERCOPITHECUS-AETHIOPS-SABAEUS) .2. THE CRANIAL DIMENSIONS OF THE ST-KITTS AND THE AFRICAN GREEN MONKEY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 138: 204 (1951). / PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (1951)
BADER, R.S., VARIABILITY AND EVOLUTIONARY RATE IN THE OREODONTS, EVOLUTION 9: 119 (1955). (10.2307/2405584) / EVOLUTION (1955)
BERRY, R.J., EVOLUTION OF ISLAND POPULATION OF HOUSE MOUSE, EVOLUTION 18: 468 (1964). (10.2307/2406357) / EVOLUTION (1964)
BONNER, J.T., PALEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY. MEMOIR 2: 1 (1968). / PALEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY. MEMOIR (1968)
BOOKSTEIN, F.L., HIERARCHICAL LINEAR MODELING OF TEMPO AND MODE OF EVOLUTION, PALEOBIOLOGY 4: 120 (1978). (10.1017/S0094837300005807) / PALEOBIOLOGY (1978)
COLBERT, E.H., EVOLUTION OF THE HORNED DINOSAURS, EVOLUTION 2: 145 (1948). (10.2307/2405374) / EVOLUTION (1948)
DOWNS, T, A study of variation and evolution in Miocene Merychippus., LOS ANGELES COUNTY MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS IN SCIENCE 45: 62 (1961). / LOS ANGELES COUNTY MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS IN SCIENCE / A study of variation and evolution in Miocene Merychippus. (1961)
Falconer, D. S., Quantitative Genetics: 170 (1981). / Quantitative Genetics (1981)
FOSTER, J.B., The evolution of the mammals of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA PROVINCIAL MUSEUM 14: 55 (1965). / OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA PROVINCIAL MUSEUM / The evolution of the mammals of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia (1965)
GINGERICH, P.D., EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS IN EARLY CENOZOIC MAMMALS, ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 8: 407 (1980). (10.1146/annurev.ea.08.050180.002203) / ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES (1980)
Gingerich, P. D., Proceedings of theThird North American Paleontological Convention 1: 205 (1982). / Proceedings of theThird North American Paleontological Convention (1982)
HALDANE, JBS, SUGGESTIONS AS TO QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF RATES OF EVOLUTION, EVOLUTION 3: 51 (1949). (10.2307/2405451) / EVOLUTION (1949)
HALLAM, A, EVOLUTIONARY SIZE INCREASE AND LONGEVITY IN JURASSIC BIVALVES AND AMMONITES, NATURE 258: 493 (1975). (10.1038/258493a0) / NATURE (1975)
HEANEY, L.R., ISLAND AREA AND BODY SIZE OF INSULAR MAMMALS - EVIDENCE FROM TRI-COLORED SQUIRREL (CALLOSCIURUS-PREVOSTI) OF SOUTHEAST-ASIA, EVOLUTION 32: 29 (1978). / EVOLUTION (1978)
JOHNSTON, R.F., EVOLUTION IN HOUSE SPARROW .2. ADAPTIVE DIFFERENTIATION IN NORTH AMERICAN POPULATIONS, EVOLUTION 25: 1 (1971). (10.2307/2406496) / EVOLUTION (1971)
KURTEN, B, ACTA ZOOLOGICA FENNICA 90: 37 (1955). / ACTA ZOOLOGICA FENNICA (1955)
Kurtén, B., Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 24: 205 (1959). (10.1101/SQB.1959.024.01.021) / Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology (1959)
Lerher, I. M., Genetic Homeostasis: 8 (1953). / Genetic Homeostasis (1953)
MAGLIO, V.J., TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY 63: 1 (1973). / TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY (1973)
MARSHALL, L.G., VARIABILITY, EVOLUTIONARY RATES, AND ALLOMETRY IN DWARFING LINEAGES, PALEOBIOLOGY 4: 101 (1978). (10.1017/S0094837300005790) / PALEOBIOLOGY (1978)
PATTON, J.L., EVOLUTION 29: 296 (1975). / EVOLUTION (1975)
SADLER, P.M., SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION RATES AND THE COMPLETENESS OF STRATIGRAPHIC SECTIONS, JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY 89: 569 (1981). (10.1086/628623) / JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY (1981)
Sadler, P. M., Proceedings of theThird North American Paleontological Convention 2: 461 (1982). / Proceedings of theThird North American Paleontological Convention (1982)
SCHINDEL, D.E., MICROSTRATIGRAPHIC SAMPLING AND THE LIMITS OF PALEONTOLOGIC RESOLUTION, PALEOBIOLOGY 6: 408 (1980). (10.1017/S0094837300003596) / PALEOBIOLOGY (1980)
Simpson, G. G., The Major Features of Evolution: 3 (1953). / The Major Features of Evolution (1953)
Simpson, G. G., Tempo and Mode in Evolution: 3 (1944). / Tempo and Mode in Evolution (1944)
Stanley, S. M., Macroevolution: Pattern and Process: 63 (1979). / Macroevolution: Pattern and Process (1979)
STANLEY, S.M., THEORY OF EVOLUTION ABOVE SPECIES LEVEL, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 72: 646 (1975). / PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (1975)
STANLEY, S.M., EFFECTS OF COMPETITION ON RATES OF EVOLUTION, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIVALVE MOLLUSKS AND MAMMALS, SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY 22: 486 (1973). (10.2307/2412955) / SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY (1973)
VANVALEN, L, EVOLUTIONARY THEORY 1: 1 (1973). / EVOLUTIONARY THEORY (1973)
VANVALEN, L, 2 MODES OF EVOLUTION, NATURE 252: 298 (1974). (10.1038/252298a0) / NATURE (1974)

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 5, 2006, 2:37 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 12, 2024, 4:44 a.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 4 days ago (Aug. 6, 2025, 8:34 a.m.)
Issued	41 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 1983)
Published	41 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 1983)
Published Print	41 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 1983)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Gingerich_1983, title={Rates of Evolution: Effects of Time and Temporal Scaling}, volume={222}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4620.159}, DOI={10.1126/science.222.4620.159}, number={4620}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Gingerich, Philip D.}, year={1983}, month=oct, pages={159–161} }

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