DOI: 10.1126/science.198.4315.396. Archean Microfossils Showing Cell Division from the Swaziland System of South Africa

Archean Microfossils Showing Cell Division from the Swaziland System of South Africa

10.1126/science.198.4315.396

Crossref journal-article

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Science (221)

Abstract

A newly discovered population of organic walled microstructures from the Swaziland System, South Africa, is considered to be biological on the following grounds: (i) the structures are carbonaceous and occasionally have internal organic contents; (ii) the population has a narrow unimodal size frequency distribution (average diameter, 2.5 micrometers; range, 1 to 4 micrometers); (iii) the structures are not strictly spherical, but are commonly flattened and folded like younger microfossils; (iv) the sedimentary context is consistent with biogenic origins; and (v) various stages of binary division are clearly preserved.

Bibliography

Knoll, A. H., & Barghoorn, E. S. (1977). Archean Microfossils Showing Cell Division from the Swaziland System of South Africa. Science, 198(4315), 396â398.

Authors 2

Andrew H. Knoll (first)
Elso S. Barghoorn (additional)

References 38 Referenced 204

ALLSOPP, H.L., CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 5: 605 (1968). (10.1139/e68-056) / CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES (1968)
Allsopp, H. L., Journal of Geophysical Research 67: 5307 (1962). (10.1029/JZ067i013p05307) / Journal of Geophysical Research (1962)
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10.1017/S009483730000498X
DIMROTH, E, CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 13: 1161 (1976). (10.1139/e76-119) / CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES (1976)
Dungworth, G., Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1971: 699 (1972). / Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1971 (1972)
EICHMANN, R, ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION BETWEEN COEXISTING ORGANIC CARBON-CARBONATE PAIRS IN PRECAMBRIAN SEDIMENTS, GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 39: 585 (1975). (10.1016/0016-7037(75)90004-6) / GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA (1975)
10.1126/science.161.3845.1005
GASPARIS AAD THESIS WITWATERSRAND (1967).
GOLUBIC, S, COMPARISON OF HOLOCENE AND MID-PRECAMBRIAN ENTOPHYSALIDACEAE (CYANOPHYTA) IN STROMATOLITIC ALGAL MATS - CELL-DIVISION AND DEGRADATION, JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY 50: 1074 (1976). / JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY (1976)
Hoering, T. C., Researches in Geochemistry: 89 (1967). / Researches in Geochemistry (1967)
HURLEY, P.M., ANCIENT AGE OF MIDDLE MARKER HORIZON, ONVERWACHT GROUP, SWAZILAND SEQUENCE, SOUTH-AFRICA, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 14: 360 (1972). (10.1016/0012-821X(72)90137-9) / EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS (1972)
JAHN, B.M., AGE OF ONVERWACHT-GROUP, SWAZILAND-SEQUENCE, SOUTH-AFRICA, GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 38: 873 (1974). (10.1016/0016-7037(74)90061-1) / GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA (1974)
KNOLL A.H. THESIS HARVARD U (1977).
LICAVI, G.R., PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 59: 1003 (1968). / PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (1968)
Muir M. D. Chemical Evolution of the Early Precambrian (1977).
Muir, M. D., The Early History of the Earth: 595 (1976). / The Early History of the Earth (1976)
MUIR, M.D., DIVERSE MICROFOSSILS IN PRECAMBRIAN ONVERWACHT GROUP ROCKS OF SOUTH-AFRICA, NATURE 252: 376 (1974). (10.1038/252376a0) / NATURE (1974)
NAGY, B, EARLY PRE-CAMBRIAN ONVERWACHT MICROSTRUCTURES - POSSIBLY OLDEST FOSSILS ON EARTH, NATURE 223: 1226 (1969). (10.1038/2231226a0) / NATURE (1969)
NAGY, L.A., GRANA 11: 91 (1971). (10.1080/00173137109429862) / GRANA (1971)
10.1126/science.175.4027.1246
OOSTHUYZEN E.J. THESIS WITWATERSRAND (1971).
PFLUG H Structured organic remains from the Fig Tree Series of the Barberton Mountain Land UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND ECONOMIC GEOLOGY RESEARCH UNIT INFORMATION CIRCULAR 28 (1966).
REIMER T.O. COMMUNICATION.
REIMER, T.O., GEOLOGISCHES JAHRBUCH. REIHE B 17: 1 (1975). / GEOLOGISCHES JAHRBUCH. REIHE B (1975)
ROSSIGNOLSTRICK, M, EXTRATERRESTRIAL ABIOGENIC ORGANIZATION OF ORGANIC-MATTER - HOLLOW SPHERES OF ORGUEIL METEORITE, SPACE LIFE SCIENCES 3: 89 (1971). / SPACE LIFE SCIENCES (1971)
SCHOPF, J.W., PRECAMBRIAN PALEOBIOLOGY - PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES, ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 3: 213 (1975). (10.1146/annurev.ea.03.050175.001241) / ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES (1975)
SCHOPF, J.W., J PALEONTOL 42: 651 (1968). / J PALEONTOL (1968)
SCHOPF, J.W., ARE OLDEST FOSSILS, FOSSILS, ORIGINS OF LIFE AND EVOLUTION OF THE BIOSPHERE 7: 19 (1976). (10.1007/BF01218511) / ORIGINS OF LIFE AND EVOLUTION OF THE BIOSPHERE (1976)
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Visser D. J. L. The geology of the Barberton area South Africa Geological Survey Special Publication 15 (1956).

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 5, 2006, 12:03 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 11, 2024, 9:43 p.m.)
Indexed	3 weeks ago (Aug. 7, 2025, 4:47 p.m.)
Issued	47 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 28, 1977)
Published	47 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 28, 1977)
Published Print	47 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 28, 1977)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Knoll_1977, title={Archean Microfossils Showing Cell Division from the Swaziland System of South Africa}, volume={198}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.198.4315.396}, DOI={10.1126/science.198.4315.396}, number={4315}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Knoll, Andrew H. and Barghoorn, Elso S.}, year={1977}, month=oct, pages={396–398} }

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