DOI: 10.1126/science.125922. High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy of Bacteriophages 3C and T4

High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy of Bacteriophages 3C and T4

10.1126/science.125922

Crossref journal-article

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Science (221)

Abstract

An account is presented of the design and operation of a new scanning electron microscope, and its first application to the study of biological samples. Bacteriophages were chosen because much of their ultrastructure is beyond the resolution of the conventional scanning electron microscope. The new instrument permits examination of bulk samples with a resolution that exceeds, by at least a factor of 2.5, the resolution obtained in the best secondary electron scanning electron microscopes using high brightness guns, and exceeds by an order of magnitude the resolution of standard scanning electron microscopes using tungsten filament guns. It also permits examination of biological samples in scanning transmission mode at resolutions similar to conventional transmission electron microscopes.

Bibliography

Broers, A. N., Panessa, B. J., & Gennaro, J. F. (1975). High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy of Bacteriophages 3C and T4. Science, 189(4203), 637â639.

Authors 3

A. N. Broers (first)
B. J. Panessa (additional)
J. F. Gennaro (additional)

References 14 Referenced 20

ANDERSON, T. F., TRANSACTIONS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 13: 130 (1951). (10.1111/j.2164-0947.1951.tb01007.x) / TRANSACTIONS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (1951)
Anderson, T. F., Proceedings of the European Regional Conference on Electron Microscopy 2: 1008 (1960). / Proceedings of the European Regional Conference on Electron Microscopy (1960)
BRADLEY, D.E., STRUCTURE OF SOME STAPHYLOCOCCUS AND PSEUDOMONAS PHAGES, JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 8: 552 (1963). (10.1016/S0022-5320(63)80055-6) / JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH (1963)
BROERS, A.N., HIGH-RESOLUTION THERMIONIC CATHODE SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 22: 610 (1973). (10.1063/1.1654527) / APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (1973)
Broers, A. N., IITRI Scanning Electron Microscopy/75: 233 (1975). / IITRI Scanning Electron Microscopy/75 (1975)
CREWE, A.V., A SCANNING MICROSCOPE WITH 5 A RESOLUTION, JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 48: 375 (1970). (10.1016/0022-2836(70)90052-5) / JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (1970)
KELLEY, R.O., LIGAND-MEDIATED OSMIUM BINDING - ITS APPLICATION IN COATING BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS FOR SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 45: 254 (1973). (10.1016/S0022-5320(73)80051-6) / JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH (1973)
KONDO, I, JEOL NEWS 12: 16 (1974). / JEOL NEWS (1974)
MOODY, M, VIROLOGY 26: 567 (1965). (10.1016/0042-6822(65)90319-3) / VIROLOGY (1965)
Panessa, B. J., IITRI Scanning Electron Microscopy/72: 327 (1972). / IITRI Scanning Electron Microscopy/72 (1972)
Tikhonenko A. Ultrastructure of Bacterial Viruses (1970).
WELLS, O.C., LOW-LOSS IMAGE FOR SURFACE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 19: 232 (1971). (10.1063/1.1653899) / APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (1971)
WELLS, O.C., METHOD FOR EXAMINING SOLID SPECIMENS WITH IMPROVED RESOLUTION IN SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE (SEM), APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 23: 353 (1973). (10.1063/1.1654916) / APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (1973)
Wood, W., Molecular Basis of Life: 153 (1968). / Molecular Basis of Life (1968)

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 5, 2006, 11:11 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 10, 2024, 2:51 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (July 24, 2025, 8:32 a.m.)
Issued	50 years ago (Aug. 22, 1975)
Published	50 years ago (Aug. 22, 1975)
Published Print	50 years ago (Aug. 22, 1975)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Broers_1975, title={High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy of Bacteriophages 3C and T4}, volume={189}, ISSN={1095-9203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.125922}, DOI={10.1126/science.125922}, number={4203}, journal={Science}, publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, author={Broers, A. N. and Panessa, B. J. and Gennaro, J. F.}, year={1975}, month=aug, pages={637–639} }

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