DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x. Characterization and transcriptional profiles of a <i>Drosophila</i> gene encoding an insect defensin

Characterization and transcriptional profiles of a Drosophila gene encoding an insect defensin

10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

European Journal of Biochemistry (311)

Abstract

Insect defensins are a family of 4‐kDa, cationic, inducible antibacterial peptides which bear six cysteine residues engaged in three intramolecular disulfide bridges. They owe their name to certain sequence similarities with defensins from mammalian neutrophiles and macrophages. We report the characterization of a novel defensin isoform from Drosophila and the cloning of the gene encoding a preprodefensin. The gene, which is intronless and present in a single copy/haploid genome, maps at position 46CD on the right arm of the second chromosome. The analysis of the upstream region of the gene reveals the presence of multiple putative cis‐regulatory sequences similar to mammalian regulatory motifs of acute‐phase‐response genes. Transcriptional profiles indicate that the Drosophila defensin gene is induced by bacterial challenge with acute‐phase kinetics. It is also expressed in the absence of immune challenge during metamorphosis. These and other data on the Drosophila defensin gene lead us to suggest that insect and mammalian defensins have evolved independently.

Bibliography

DIMARCQ, J., HOFFMANN, D., MEISTER, M., BULET, P., LANOT, R., REICHHART, J., & HOFFMANN, J. A. (1994). Characterization and transcriptional profiles of a Drosophila gene encoding an insect defensin. European Journal of Biochemistry, 221(1), 201â209. Portico.

Authors 7

Jean‐Luc DIMARCQ (first)
Daniéle HOFFMANN (additional)
Marie MEISTER (additional)
Philippe BULET (additional)
René LANOT (additional)
Jean‐Marc REICHHART (additional)
Jules A. HOFFMANN (additional)

References 49 Referenced 149

10.1021/bi00375a030
10.1016/B978-0-444-81382-4.50026-8
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16252.x
10.1007/BF01875319
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54260-5 / J. Biol. Chem. / Insect immunity: isolation from a coleopteran insect of a novel inducible antibacterial peptide and of new members of the insect defensin family by Bulet P. (1991)
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17371.x
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)82417-6
10.1016/S0021-9258(19)36505-6 / J. Biol. Chem. / Insect defensin, an inducible antibacterial peptide, forms voltage‐dependent channels in Escherichia coli by Cociancich S. (1993)
10.1016/0169-4758(94)90260-7
10.1073/pnas.78.11.7038
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_12_1', 'first-page': '293', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Cuénot L.', 'year': '1896', 'journal-title': 'Etudes physiologiques sur les orthoptéres, Arch. Biol. Liége'} / Etudes physiologiques sur les orthoptéres, Arch. Biol. Liége by Cuénot L. (1896)
10.1073/pnas.90.10.4596
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13752.x
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07430.x
10.1006/jmbi.1993.1392
10.1126/science.96525
10.1006/bbrc.1993.2508
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_19_1', 'first-page': '38', 'article-title': 'On the existence of immunity principles in insects', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'Glazer R. W.', 'year': '1918', 'journal-title': 'Psyche (Camb.)'} / Psyche (Camb.) / On the existence of immunity principles in insects by Glazer R. W. (1918)
10.1093/nar/19.1.131
10.1128/MCB.12.5.2282
10.1016/0167-5699(92)90092-L
10.1016/0014-5793(93)81414-U
10.1242/dev.118.2.613 / Development (Camb.) / Puffs and PCR: the in vivo dynamics of early gene expression during ecdysone responses in Drosophila by Huet F. (1993)
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_25_1', 'first-page': '63', 'article-title': 'Reciprocal expression of NF‐IL6 and C/EBP in hepatocytes: possible involvement of NF‐IL6 in acute‐phase protein gene expression', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Isshiki H.', 'year': '1991', 'journal-title': 'New Biol.'} / New Biol. / Reciprocal expression of NF‐IL6 and C/EBP in hepatocytes: possible involvement of NF‐IL6 in acute‐phase protein gene expression by Isshiki H. (1991)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05800.x
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08098.x
10.1016/0965-1748(92)90027-C
10.1073/pnas.86.1.262
10.1073/pnas.86.23.9159
10.1146/annurev.iy.11.040193.000541
10.1016/0014-5793(93)80122-B
10.1126/science.2463672
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37506-9 / J. Biol. Chem. / Molecular cloning of cDNA for sapecin and unique expression of the sapecin gene during the development of Escherichia coli by Matsuyama K. (1988)
10.1093/nar/11.3.737
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_36_1', 'first-page': '817', 'article-title': 'Immunité naturelle ou acquise des chenilles de Galleria melonella', 'volume': '83', 'author': 'Metalnikow S.', 'year': '1920', 'journal-title': 'C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris'} / C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris / Immunité naturelle ou acquise des chenilles de Galleria melonella by Metalnikow S. (1920)
10.1093/nar/12.13.5495
10.1016/S0021-9258(17)39590-X / J. Biol. Chem. / Primary structure of Sarcotoxin I, an antibacterial protein induced in the hemolymph of Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae by Okada M. (1985)
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_39_1', 'first-page': '278', 'article-title': "L'immunité acquise chez les insectes", 'volume': '83', 'author': 'Pillot A.', 'year': '1920', 'journal-title': 'C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris'} / C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris / L'immunité acquise chez les insectes by Pillot A. (1920)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02712.x / EMBO J. / Promoter and enhancer elements containing a conserved sequence motif are recognized by nuclear factor III, a protein stimulating adenovirus DNA replication by Pruijin J. M. (1987)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05191.x
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07932.x
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07489.x
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_44_1', 'volume-title': 'Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual', 'author': 'Sambrook J.', 'year': '1989'} / Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual by Sambrook J. (1989)
10.1038/292246a0
10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16648.x
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41683-3 / J. Biol. Chem. / A T‐cell enhancer cooperates with NF‐kB to yield cytokine induction of E‐selectin gene transcription in endothelial cells by Huijsduijnen R. H. (1992)
10.1128/MCB.13.1.276
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45732-8 / J. Biol. Chem. / Insect immunity: characterization of a Drosophila cDNA encoding a novel member of the diptericin family of immune peptides by Wicker C. (1990)

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 6 months ago (March 4, 2005, 5:14 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 10 months ago (Oct. 16, 2023, 11:56 p.m.)
Indexed	5 days ago (Aug. 30, 2025, 12:37 p.m.)
Issued	31 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1994)
Published	31 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1994)
Published Online	20 years, 6 months ago (March 3, 2005)
Published Print	31 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1994)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{DIMARCQ_1994, title={Characterization and transcriptional profiles of a Drosophila gene encoding an insect defensin: A study in insect immunity}, volume={221}, ISSN={1432-1033}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x}, number={1}, journal={European Journal of Biochemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={DIMARCQ, Jean‐Luc and HOFFMANN, Daniéle and MEISTER, Marie and BULET, Philippe and LANOT, René and REICHHART, Jean‐Marc and HOFFMANN, Jules A.}, year={1994}, month=apr, pages={201–209} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        30
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-30T16:37:14Z",
    "timestamp": 1756571834240
  },
  "reference-count": 49,
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "issue": "1",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2005,
            3,
            3
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2005-03-03T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1109808000000
      },
      "content-version": "vor",
      "delay-in-days": 3989,
      "URL": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1994,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>Insect defensins are a family of 4\u2010kDa, cationic, inducible antibacterial peptides which bear six cysteine residues engaged in three intramolecular disulfide bridges. They owe their name to certain sequence similarities with defensins from mammalian neutrophiles and macrophages. We report the characterization of a novel defensin isoform from <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> and the cloning of the gene encoding a preprodefensin. The gene, which is intronless and present in a single copy/haploid genome, maps at position 46CD on the right arm of the second chromosome. The analysis of the upstream region of the gene reveals the presence of multiple putative <jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>\u2010regulatory sequences similar to mammalian regulatory motifs of acute\u2010phase\u2010response genes. Transcriptional profiles indicate that the <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> defensin gene is induced by bacterial challenge with acute\u2010phase kinetics. It is also expressed in the absence of immune challenge during metamorphosis. These and other data on the <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> defensin gene lead us to suggest that insect and mammalian defensins have evolved independently.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        3,
        4
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-03-04T10:14:49Z",
    "timestamp": 1109931289000
  },
  "page": "201-209",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 149,
  "title": "Characterization and transcriptional profiles of a <i>Drosophila</i> gene encoding an insect defensin",
  "prefix": "10.1111",
  "volume": "221",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Jean\u2010Luc",
      "family": "DIMARCQ",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Dani\u00e9le",
      "family": "HOFFMANN",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Marie",
      "family": "MEISTER",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Philippe",
      "family": "BULET",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Ren\u00e9",
      "family": "LANOT",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Jean\u2010Marc",
      "family": "REICHHART",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Jules A.",
      "family": "HOFFMANN",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "311",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        3,
        3
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_2_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bi00375a030"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_3_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/B978-0-444-81382-4.50026-8"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_4_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16252.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_5_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01875319"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_6_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "24520",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54260-5",
      "article-title": "Insect immunity: isolation from a coleopteran insect of a novel inducible antibacterial peptide and of new members of the insect defensin family",
      "volume": "266",
      "author": "Bulet P.",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_7_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17371.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_8_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)82417-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_9_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "19239",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(19)36505-6",
      "article-title": "Insect defensin, an inducible antibacterial peptide, forms voltage\u2010dependent channels in Escherichia coli",
      "volume": "268",
      "author": "Cociancich S.",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_10_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0169-4758(94)90260-7"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_11_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.78.11.7038"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_12_1",
      "first-page": "293",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "Cu\u00e9not L.",
      "year": "1896",
      "journal-title": "Etudes physiologiques sur les orthopt\u00e9res, Arch. Biol. Li\u00e9ge"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_13_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.90.10.4596"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_14_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13752.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_15_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07430.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_16_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/jmbi.1993.1392"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_17_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.96525"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_18_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/bbrc.1993.2508"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_19_1",
      "first-page": "38",
      "article-title": "On the existence of immunity principles in insects",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "Glazer R. W.",
      "year": "1918",
      "journal-title": "Psyche (Camb.)"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_20_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/19.1.131"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_21_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/MCB.12.5.2282"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_22_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0167-5699(92)90092-L"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_23_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0014-5793(93)81414-U"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_24_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "613",
      "DOI": "10.1242/dev.118.2.613",
      "article-title": "Puffs and PCR: the in vivo dynamics of early gene expression during ecdysone responses in Drosophila",
      "volume": "118",
      "author": "Huet F.",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Development (Camb.)"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_25_1",
      "first-page": "63",
      "article-title": "Reciprocal expression of NF\u2010IL6 and C/EBP in hepatocytes: possible involvement of NF\u2010IL6 in acute\u2010phase protein gene expression",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "Isshiki H.",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "New Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_26_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05800.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_27_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08098.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_28_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0965-1748(92)90027-C"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_29_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.86.1.262"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_30_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.86.23.9159"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_31_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.iy.11.040193.000541"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_32_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0014-5793(93)80122-B"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_33_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.2463672"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_34_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "17117",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37506-9",
      "article-title": "Molecular cloning of cDNA for sapecin and unique expression of the sapecin gene during the development of Escherichia coli",
      "volume": "263",
      "author": "Matsuyama K.",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_35_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/11.3.737"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_36_1",
      "first-page": "817",
      "article-title": "Immunit\u00e9 naturelle ou acquise des chenilles de Galleria melonella",
      "volume": "83",
      "author": "Metalnikow S.",
      "year": "1920",
      "journal-title": "C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_37_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1093/nar/12.13.5495"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_38_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "7174",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(17)39590-X",
      "article-title": "Primary structure of Sarcotoxin I, an antibacterial protein induced in the hemolymph of Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae",
      "volume": "260",
      "author": "Okada M.",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_39_1",
      "first-page": "278",
      "article-title": "L'immunit\u00e9 acquise chez les insectes",
      "volume": "83",
      "author": "Pillot A.",
      "year": "1920",
      "journal-title": "C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_40_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3771",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02712.x",
      "article-title": "Promoter and enhancer elements containing a conserved sequence motif are recognized by nuclear factor III, a protein stimulating adenovirus DNA replication",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "Pruijin J. M.",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_41_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05191.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_42_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07932.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_43_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07489.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_44_1",
      "volume-title": "Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual",
      "author": "Sambrook J.",
      "year": "1989"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_45_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/292246a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_46_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_47_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16648.x"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_48_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "22385",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41683-3",
      "article-title": "A T\u2010cell enhancer cooperates with NF\u2010kB to yield cytokine induction of E\u2010selectin gene transcription in endothelial cells",
      "volume": "267",
      "author": "Huijsduijnen R. H.",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_49_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1128/MCB.13.1.276"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_2_50_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "22493",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45732-8",
      "article-title": "Insect immunity: characterization of a Drosophila cDNA encoding a novel member of the diptericin family of immune peptides",
      "volume": "265",
      "author": "Wicker C.",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "European Journal of Biochemistry",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2023,
        10,
        17
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2023-10-17T03:56:44Z",
    "timestamp": 1697515004000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [
    "A study in insect immunity"
  ],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1994,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 49,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1994,
          4
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18730.x",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0014-2956",
    "1432-1033"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "European Journal of Biochemistry",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1994,
        4
      ]
    ]
  }
}