DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17224.x. <i>In vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> modulation of the mRNA‐binding activity of iron‐regulatory factor

In vivo and in vitro modulation of the mRNA‐binding activity of iron‐regulatory factor

10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17224.x

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

European Journal of Biochemistry (311)

Abstract

The mRNA‐binding protein, iron‐regulatory factor (IRF) has a central role in iron metabolism. It coordinately increases transferrin‐receptor mRNA stability and inhibits translation of ferritin and erythroid δ‐aminolevulinate synthase mRNA by binding to specific mRNA structures, the iron‐responsive elements (IRE): In gel‐retardation assays, IRF had a broad tissue distribution, showing activity in cytosolic extracts from 12 mouse organs tested. In all these extracts, IRF could be further activated in vitro by 2‐mercaptoethanol. In cultured mouse 3T6 fibroblasts, growth stimulation after low serum arrest increased IRF activity 10‐fold, mainly through activation of existing inactive IRF. No change was observed during progresion of 3T6 cells through the cell cycle.IRF activation by iron chelators has been postulated to result in the reduction of an intramolecular sulfhydryl group. In a search for redox conditions that regulate IRE binding of IRF, we studied several compounds in vitro or in vivo. Hemin, known to inactivate IRF in vivo, showed a similar, reversible effect in vitro, presumably by oxidizing IRF. However, this did not appear to be relevant for the mode of IRF regulation in vivo. Addition of protoporphyrin IX to intact cells induced IRF activity almost to the same extent as desferrioxamine. This effect was inhibited by iron salts, indicating that IRF is activated in vivo through depletion of a chelatable iron pool. In vitro activation by reductants other than 2‐mercaptoethanol suggested some selectivity in their access to relevant sulfhydryl groups, but did not reveal which natural redox‐sensitive compound might regulate IRF in vivo. However, in cultured cells, inactivation of free IRF by the sulfhydryl‐specific oxidizing agent diamide was much more rapidly reversed than inactivation by iron salts. This indicates the direct involvement of a cellular reductant in setting IRF activity and suggests a rate‐limiting IRF conformation that is reached only in the presence of iron, but not after diamide oxidation.

Bibliography

MÃLLNER, E. W., ROTHENBERGER, S., MÃLLER, A. M., & KÃHN, L. C. (1992). In vivo and in vitro modulation of the mRNAâbinding activity of ironâregulatory factor. European Journal of Biochemistry, 208(3), 597â605. Portico.

Authors 4

Ernst W. MÜLLNER (first)
Sylvia ROTHENBERGER (additional)
Anna Maria MÜLLER (additional)
Lukas C. KÜHN (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 5 months ago (March 4, 2005, 2:16 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 11 months ago (Oct. 1, 2023, 4:41 a.m.)
Indexed	1 year ago (Aug. 4, 2024, 1:52 a.m.)
Issued	33 years ago (Sept. 1, 1992)
Published	33 years ago (Sept. 1, 1992)
Published Online	20 years, 6 months ago (March 3, 2005)
Published Print	33 years ago (Sept. 1, 1992)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{M_LLNER_1992, title={In vivo and in vitro modulation of the mRNA‐binding activity of iron‐regulatory factor: Tissue distribution and effects of cell proliferation, iron levels and redox state}, volume={208}, ISSN={1432-1033}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17224.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17224.x}, number={3}, journal={European Journal of Biochemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={MÜLLNER, Ernst W. and ROTHENBERGER, Sylvia and MÜLLER, Anna Maria and KÜHN, Lukas C.}, year={1992}, month=sep, pages={597–605} }

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