Abstract
SummaryThe process of oxygenic photosynthesis enabled and still sustains aerobic life on Earth. The most elaborate form of the apparatus that carries out the primary steps of this vital process is the one present in higher plants. Here, we review the overall composition and supramolecular organization of this apparatus, as well as the complex architecture of the lamellar system within which it is harbored. Along the way, we refer to the genetic, biochemical, spectroscopic and, in particular, microscopic studies that have been employed to elucidate the structure and working of this remarkable molecular energy conversion device. As an example of the highly dynamic nature of the apparatus, we discuss the molecular and structural events that enable it to maintain high photosynthetic yields under fluctuating light conditions. We conclude the review with a summary of the hypotheses made over the years about the driving forces that underlie the partition of the lamellar system of higher plants and certain green algae into appressed and non‐appressed membrane domains and the segregation of the photosynthetic protein complexes within these domains.
References
278
Referenced
137
10.1007/s11103-010-9693-5
10.1016/0005-2728(76)90161-4
10.1016/j.jsb.2005.01.003
10.1007/BF00020424
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_6_1', 'first-page': '143', 'article-title': 'The domain structure and function of the thylakoid membrane', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'Albertsson P.Å.', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Recent Res. Dev. Bioenerg.'}
/ Recent Res. Dev. Bioenerg. / The domain structure and function of the thylakoid membrane by Albertsson P.Å. (2000)10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02021-0
10.1016/0005-2728(91)90012-D
10.1016/0006-3002(47)90168-6
10.1007/978-94-009-0511-5_431
10.1016/0968-0004(92)90418-9
10.1016/S0005-2728(09)91014-3
10.1016/S1360-1385(02)00006-7
10.1126/science.1082833
10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02010-6
10.1038/291025a0
10.1104/pp.78.1.199
10.1016/0005-2728(86)90100-3
10.1016/j.str.2009.03.006
10.1038/nature05687
10.1074/jbc.M109.072645
10.1016/0014-5793(81)80041-5
10.1016/S0165-8646(24)00451-3
/ Photobiochem. Photobiophys. / The significance of grana stacking in chlorophyll b‐ containing chloroplasts by Anderson J.M. (1982)10.1016/0014-5793(82)80395-5
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05640.x
10.1071/PP99070
10.1007/BF00019409
10.1071/PP9880011
10.1016/0005-2728(80)90078-X
10.1104/pp.59.3.398
10.1016/0003-9861(76)90484-7
10.1083/jcb.73.2.400
10.1089/152308603321223540
10.1071/PP99072
10.1104/pp.110.170647
10.1105/tpc.105.039859
10.1007/s004250100556
10.1016/0014-5793(80)81207-5
10.1146/annurev.pp.33.060182.001401
10.1016/S0165-8646(24)00142-9
/ Photobiochem. Photobiophys. / Membrane conformational‐changes due to phosphorylation and the control of energy‐transfer in photosynthesis by Barber J. (1983)10.1016/0014-5793(77)80841-7
10.1016/j.semcdb.2009.07.008
10.1016/j.sbi.2009.06.005
10.1038/nature03286
10.1038/269344a0
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb13239.x
10.1016/0014-5793(79)81358-7
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb04403.x
10.1038/nature02200
10.1107/S0907444998005137
10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.930
10.1007/BF00392357
10.1016/0005-2728(94)90081-7
10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44113-5
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_55_1', 'first-page': '35', 'volume-title': 'Current Topics in Bioenergetics', 'author': 'Boardman N.K.', 'year': '1978'}
/ Current Topics in Bioenergetics by Boardman N.K. (1978)10.1073/pnas.92.1.175
10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00147-1
10.1021/bi9827161
10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00876.x
10.1006/jmbi.2000.4037
10.1021/bi0015358
10.1038/nature04016
10.1016/0005-2728(69)90168-6
10.1016/j.micron.2010.07.003
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_65_1', 'first-page': '71', 'article-title': 'Ontogenetic assembly of intra‐chloroplastic lamellae viewed in 3‐dimension', 'volume': '36', 'author': 'Brangeon J.', 'year': '1979', 'journal-title': 'Biol. Cell.'}
/ Biol. Cell. / Ontogenetic assembly of intra‐chloroplastic lamellae viewed in 3‐dimension by Brangeon J. (1979)10.1073/pnas.55.5.1048
10.1105/tpc.108.062299
10.1016/0005-2728(90)90095-L
10.1038/emboj.2009.232
10.1016/0003-9861(80)90367-7
10.1007/978-94-017-4973-2_19
10.1071/PP99024
10.1039/b507310n
10.1105/tpc.107.055830
10.1007/s004250000432
10.1016/0006-291X(81)90269-2
10.1016/S0005-2728(02)00304-3
10.1093/jxb/err034
10.1105/tpc.109.071431
10.1083/jcb.98.1.163
10.1016/j.bbabio.2004.09.009
10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00442-1
10.1016/0005-2728(95)00143-3
10.1126/science.1081397
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06264.x
10.1105/tpc.111.087049
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_87_1', 'first-page': '886', 'article-title': 'Note sur la structure des chloroplastes', 'volume': '38', 'author': 'Doutreligne S.J.', 'year': '1935', 'journal-title': 'Proc. Kon. Acad. Wetensch (Amsterdam)'}
/ Proc. Kon. Acad. Wetensch (Amsterdam) / Note sur la structure des chloroplastes by Doutreligne S.J. (1935)10.1111/j.1365-2818.1981.tb02483.x
10.1016/0005-2728(84)90027-6
10.1016/S0304-4157(98)00015-X
10.1007/BF01252061
10.1126/science.1093087
10.1016/S0005-2728(99)00089-4
10.1093/embo-reports/kvf047
10.1074/jbc.274.43.30987
10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00831.x
10.1105/tpc.109.069435
10.1371/journal.pone.0010963
10.1016/S0021-9258(17)45435-4
/ J. Biol. Chem. / Interaction between light harvesting chlorophyll‐a/B protein (Lhcii) kinase and cytochrome B6/F complex – invitro control of kinase‐activity by Gal A. (1990)10.1104/pp.127.1.150
10.1105/tpc.108.201041
10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01767-2
10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03100-9
10.1016/0014-4827(66)90045-0
10.1083/jcb.48.3.594
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1947.tb13028.x
10.1104/pp.87.2.357
10.1074/jbc.M109.077750
10.1016/S1360-1385(01)01953-7
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.0422a.x
10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02766-1
10.1023/A:1023952832255
10.1104/pp.100.4.1621
10.1007/BF01913844
10.1371/journal.pone.0000749
10.1007/BF01937960
10.1083/jcb.1.6.605
10.1071/PP99095
10.1016/0005-2728(82)90312-7
10.1021/bi0343119
10.1016/S0006-3495(02)73979-9
10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.05.014
10.1038/nature08885
10.1073/pnas.0908808107
10.1104/pp.41.3.544
10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.09.013
10.1016/0005-2728(94)90148-1
10.1104/pp.112.1.409
10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.11.009
10.1105/tpc.110.081646
10.1073/pnas.1110189108
10.1073/pnas.0501268102
10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.02.018
10.1016/0167-4838(92)90460-U
10.1093/emboj/cdf624
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06262.x
10.1074/jbc.M300262200
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04894.x
10.1007/BF01621666
10.1016/j.tplants.2008.03.001
10.1016/S0005-2728(00)00143-2
10.1021/bi011650y
10.1021/bi048473w
10.1021/bi700748y
10.1021/bi7017877
10.1073/pnas.1104141109
10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.12.012
10.1016/j.jsb.2007.09.014
10.1021/bi051097a
10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.05.024
/ Biochim. Biophys. Acta / Supramolecular organization of photosystem II in green plants by Kouřil R. (2011)10.1023/A:1006229308606
10.1038/84097
10.1016/0003-9861(83)90551-9
10.1007/s11103-004-1963-7
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07700.x
10.1016/0167-4838(92)90461-L
10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00477-2
10.1016/j.tibs.2008.10.011
10.1007/978-94-017-0519-6_135
10.1007/s11120-010-9538-8
10.1371/journal.pbio.1000045
10.1074/mcp.M000020-MCP201
10.1038/nature02373
10.1146/annurev.biochem.73.011303.074112
10.1038/35046121
10.1093/pcp/pcf124
10.1017/S1431927600007996
/ Microsc. Microanal. / Super‐thin serial sectioning for high‐resolution 3‐D reconstruction of cellular structures by Mastronarde D.N. (1997)10.1083/jcb.84.1.40
10.1007/s00203-005-0027-y
10.1007/BF01482481
10.1007/BF02158442
10.1515/znb-1961-0508
/ Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung / Uber die Chloroplasten von Anthoceros punctatus by Menke W. (1962){'volume-title': 'Das Chlorophyllkorn in Chemischer, Morphologischer und Biologischer Beziehung', 'year': '1883', 'author': 'Meyer A.', 'key': 'e_1_2_9_173_1'}
/ Das Chlorophyllkorn in Chemischer, Morphologischer und Biologischer Beziehung by Meyer A. (1883)10.1111/j.1365-2818.1991.tb03155.x
10.1016/0005-2728(80)90121-8
10.1016/0005-2728(79)90083-5
10.1083/jcb.68.1.30
10.1083/jcb.71.2.624
10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.11.005
{'volume-title': 'Untersuchungen uber anatomische Verhaltnisse des Chlorophylls', 'year': '1837', 'author': 'von Mohl H.', 'key': 'e_1_2_9_180_1'}
/ Untersuchungen uber anatomische Verhaltnisse des Chlorophylls by von Mohl H. (1837)10.1007/978-3-642-72815-0_8
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_182_1', 'first-page': '449', 'volume-title': 'Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Electron Microscopy', 'author': 'Moor H.', 'year': '1970'}
/ Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Electron Microscopy by Moor H. (1970)10.1016/0005-2728(80)90135-8
10.1104/pp.65.5.814
10.1016/j.tplants.2005.09.001
10.1093/jxb/eri064
10.1016/0005-2728(69)90067-X
10.1105/tpc.105.035774
10.1016/S1360-1385(03)00015-3
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_190_1', 'first-page': '771', 'volume-title': 'Energy from the Sun: 14th International Congress on Photosynthesis', 'author': 'Mustárdy L.', 'year': '2008'}
/ Energy from the Sun: 14th International Congress on Photosynthesis by Mustárdy L. (2008)10.1105/tpc.108.059147
10.1002/bies.20278
10.1038/sj.emboj.7601594
10.1007/978-90-481-2863-1_14
10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.03.019
10.1074/jbc.M003069200
10.1038/71242
10.1074/jbc.272.29.18350
10.1073/pnas.71.5.2052
10.1002/jemt.1060180405
10.1007/0-306-48204-5_14
/ The Molecular Biology of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Chlamydomonas by Olive J. (1998)10.1007/BF00778412
/ Mol. Biol. Rep. / Ultrastructure – function relationship in Chlamydomonas reinhartii thylakoids, by means of a comparison between the wild type and the F34 mutant which lacks the photosystem II reaction center by Olive J. (1979)10.1016/0003-9861(81)90532-4
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_204_1', 'first-page': '81', 'article-title': 'Localization of the core and peripheral antennae of photosystem‐I in the thylakoid membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii', 'volume': '48', 'author': 'Olive J.', 'year': '1983', 'journal-title': 'Biol. Cell'}
/ Biol. Cell / Localization of the core and peripheral antennae of photosystem‐I in the thylakoid membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by Olive J. (1983)10.1016/0005-2728(86)90131-3
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_206_1', 'first-page': '176', 'article-title': 'Further identification of the exoplasmic face particles on the freeze‐fractured thylakoid membranes: a study using double and triple mutants from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacking various photosystem II subunits and the cytochrome b6/f complex', 'volume': '59', 'author': 'Olive J.', 'year': '1992', 'journal-title': 'Eur. J. Cell Biol.'}
/ Eur. J. Cell Biol. / Further identification of the exoplasmic face particles on the freeze‐fractured thylakoid membranes: a study using double and triple mutants from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacking various photosystem II subunits and the cytochrome b6/f complex by Olive J. (1992)10.1242/jcs.6.1.243
/ J. Cell Sci. / The three‐dimensional arrangement of intergranal lamellae in chloroplasts by Paolillo D.J. (1970)10.1002/j.1537-2197.1966.tb07318.x
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1969.tb07542.x
10.1016/0304-3991(95)00078-X
10.1105/tpc.108.064964
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)55364-3
10.1016/S1360-1385(02)00005-5
10.1371/journal.pbio.1000288
10.1016/S0734-9750(01)00077-5
10.1073/pnas.1104734108
10.1074/jbc.272.48.30476
10.1073/pnas.180054297
10.1159/000101370
10.1016/j.febslet.2007.04.038
10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.11.010
10.1023/A:1006476213540
10.1016/0005-2728(80)90116-4
10.1016/0005-2728(81)90137-7
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb06035.x
/ Eur. J. Biochem. / The role of the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex in chloroplast membrane stacking. Cation‐induced aggregation of reconstituted proteoliposomes by Ryrie I.J. (1980)10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.08.007
10.1007/s11120-009-9413-7
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_228_1', 'first-page': '1', 'article-title': 'Untersuchungen iiber die Chlorophyllkorner und die Ihnen Homologen Gebilde', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Schimper A.F.W.', 'year': '1885', 'journal-title': 'Jahrbucher fur Wissenschaftliche Botanik'}
/ Jahrbucher fur Wissenschaftliche Botanik / Untersuchungen iiber die Chlorophyllkorner und die Ihnen Homologen Gebilde by Schimper A.F.W. (1885)10.1073/pnas.94.14.7667
10.1021/bi016042x
10.1083/jcb.105.5.2257
10.1073/pnas.0913810107
10.1146/annurev.arplant.58.091406.110525
10.1105/tpc.105.035030
10.1073/pnas.97.4.1473
10.1007/BF02906493
10.1007/BF02907873
{'key': 'e_1_2_9_238_1', 'first-page': '665', 'volume-title': 'Photosynthesis III: Photosynthetic Membranes and Light‐Harvesting Systems', 'author': 'Simpson D.', 'year': '1986'}
/ Photosynthesis III: Photosynthetic Membranes and Light‐Harvesting Systems by Simpson D. (1986)10.1007/BF02906180
10.1016/S0005-2728(89)80215-4
10.1074/jbc.274.14.9137
10.1074/jbc.M102539200
10.1083/jcb.71.1.136
10.1007/978-3-642-70936-4_1
10.1023/A:1024994525586
10.1083/jcb.97.5.1327
10.1038/sj.emboj.7600585
10.1016/0003-9861(79)90381-3
10.1016/0014-4827(55)90039-2
10.1038/nature02155
10.1021/bi900045x
10.1073/pnas.0509952103
10.1016/0005-2728(84)90114-2
10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.02.001
10.1128/JB.01948-06
10.1074/jbc.M809360200
10.1016/0968-0004(93)90136-B
10.1016/0005-2728(87)90052-1
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07153.x
10.1016/j.micron.2005.04.004
10.1074/jbc.M505729200
10.1016/S0165-8646(24)00364-7
/ Photobiochem. Photobiophys. / Lateral distribution of the main protein complexes of the photosynthetic apparatus in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and in spinach – an immunocytochemical study using intact thylakoid membranes and a ps‐II enriched membrane preparation by Vallon O. (1986)10.1073/pnas.88.18.8262
10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.11.007
10.1073/pnas.94.4.1585
10.1007/s00425-008-0760-y
10.1007/BF01954049
10.1016/S0022-5320(63)80024-6
10.1042/BJ20101538
10.1016/0005-2728(94)90158-9
10.1093/emboj/20.14.3623
10.1016/0005-2728(88)90058-8
10.1083/jcb.87.3.728
10.1002/pro.5560071006
10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02505.x
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04747.x
10.1007/BF00032826
10.1074/jbc.M311640200
10.1093/emboj/18.11.2961
Dates
Type | When |
---|---|
Created | 13 years, 4 months ago (March 27, 2012, 7:29 a.m.) |
Deposited | 5 months ago (March 23, 2025, 10:57 p.m.) |
Indexed | 3 weeks, 2 days ago (Aug. 2, 2025, 12:51 a.m.) |
Issued | 13 years, 4 months ago (March 27, 2012) |
Published | 13 years, 4 months ago (March 27, 2012) |
Published Online | 13 years, 4 months ago (March 27, 2012) |
Published Print | 13 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2012) |
@article{Nevo_2012, title={Composition, architecture and dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus in higher plants}, volume={70}, ISSN={1365-313X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04876.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04876.x}, number={1}, journal={The Plant Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Nevo, Reinat and Charuvi, Dana and Tsabari, Onie and Reich, Ziv}, year={2012}, month=mar, pages={157–176} }