DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06188.x. Effect of Heat Treatments on the Wetting Behavior of Bismuth‐Rich Intergranular Phases in ZnO:Bi:Co Varistors

Effect of Heat Treatments on the Wetting Behavior of Bismuth‐Rich Intergranular Phases in ZnO:Bi:Co Varistors

10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06188.x

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Journal of the American Ceramic Society (311)

Abstract

The effect of annealing on the wetting behavior of Bi‐rich intergranular phases in ZnO:Bi:Co varistors was studied. The intergranular phase exhibits temperature‐dependent grain‐boundary wetting, with an average equilibrium dihedral angle of 0° at 1140°C and over 55° at 610°C. The temperature‐dependent wetting may be related to the temperature dependence of the ZnO concentration in the Bi2O3 liquid phase. The effect of the intergranular phase distribation on the electrical properties of ZnO varistors is discussed.

Bibliography

Gambino, J. P., Kingery, W. D., Pike, G. E., Levinson, L. M., & Philipp, H. R. (1989). Effect of Heat Treatments on the Wetting Behavior of BismuthâRich Intergranular Phases in ZnO:Bi:Co Varistors. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 72(4), 642â645. Portico.

Authors 5

Jeffrey P. Gambino (first)
W. David Kingery (additional)
Gordon E. Pike (additional)
Lionel M. Levinson (additional)
Herbert R. Philipp (additional)

References 20 Referenced 65

10.1143/JJAP.10.736
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_3_2', 'first-page': '223', 'volume-title': 'Grain Boundaries in Engineering Materials', 'author': 'Morris W. G.', 'year': '1975'} / Grain Boundaries in Engineering Materials by Morris W. G. (1975)
10.1063/1.325135
10.1080/10408437508243517
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_6_2', 'first-page': '359', 'volume-title': 'Grain Boundary Phenomena in Electronic Ceramics', 'author': 'Einzinger R.', 'year': '1981'} / Grain Boundary Phenomena in Electronic Ceramics by Einzinger R. (1981)
{'issue': '3', 'key': 'e_1_2_1_7_2', 'first-page': '480', 'article-title': 'Schottky Barriers in Varistor Conduction—The Need for Parallel Paths', 'volume': '63', 'author': 'Philipp H. R.', 'year': '1984', 'journal-title': 'Bull. Am. Ceram. Soc.'} / Bull. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Schottky Barriers in Varistor Conduction—The Need for Parallel Paths by Philipp H. R. (1984)
H. R.Philipp G. D.Mahan andL. M.Levinson “Advanced Metal Oxide Varistor Concepts ” Final Rept. ORNL—SUB–84–17–457–1 under subcontract 86X–17457C4ORNL for the Department of Energy under Contract No. DE–ACO5‐84OR‐21400 (1984).
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1986.tb04774.x
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_10_2', 'first-page': '367', 'volume-title': 'Sintering—Theory and Practice', 'author': 'Baumgartner I.', 'year': '1982'} / Sintering—Theory and Practice by Baumgartner I. (1982)
10.1063/1.331647
{'issue': '3', 'key': 'e_1_2_1_12_2', 'first-page': '460', 'article-title': 'Equilibrium Diagram of the Bismuth Oxide‐Zinc Oxide System', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Safronov G. M.', 'year': '1971', 'journal-title': 'Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.)'} / Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. (Engl. Transl.) / Equilibrium Diagram of the Bismuth Oxide‐Zinc Oxide System by Safronov G. M. (1971)
D. P.BirnieIIIandW. D.Kingery “Rapid Quenching and Grain‐Boundary Segregation” Presented at the 84th Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society Cincinnati OH May 3 1982(Basic Science Division Paper No. 5a–B–82).
10.1016/0304-3991(79)90006-8
10.1111/j.1365-2818.1975.tb03895.x
10.1007/978-1-4757-5581-7_4
10.1143/JJAP.18.1439
10.1143/JJAP.15.1161
{'issue': '11', 'key': 'e_1_2_1_19_2', 'first-page': '816', 'article-title': 'Microstructure and Phases in Nonohmic ZnO‐Bi2O3 Ceramics', 'volume': '53', 'author': 'Wong J.', 'year': '1974', 'journal-title': 'Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.'} / Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. / Microstructure and Phases in Nonohmic ZnO‐Bi2O3 Ceramics by Wong J. (1974)
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_20_2', 'first-page': '15', 'article-title': 'Grains, Phases, and Interfaces: An Interpretation of Microstructure', 'volume': '175', 'author': 'Smith C. S.', 'year': '1948', 'journal-title': 'Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Metall. Eng.'} / Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Metall. Eng. / Grains, Phases, and Interfaces: An Interpretation of Microstructure by Smith C. S. (1948)
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_21_2', 'first-page': '762', 'article-title': 'Studies of Interface Energies in Some Aluminum and Copper Alloys', 'volume': '185', 'author': 'Ikeuye K. K.', 'year': '1949', 'journal-title': 'Trans. Am. Inst. Min Metall. Eng.'} / Trans. Am. Inst. Min Metall. Eng. / Studies of Interface Energies in Some Aluminum and Copper Alloys by Ikeuye K. K. (1949)

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 5 months ago (March 8, 2005, 1:24 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 9 months ago (Nov. 22, 2023, 10:57 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 1 week ago (July 13, 2025, 10:36 p.m.)
Issued	36 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1989)
Published	36 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1989)
Published Online	20 years, 5 months ago (March 8, 2005)
Published Print	36 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 1989)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Gambino_1989, title={Effect of Heat Treatments on the Wetting Behavior of Bismuth‐Rich Intergranular Phases in ZnO:Bi:Co Varistors}, volume={72}, ISSN={1551-2916}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06188.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06188.x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of the American Ceramic Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Gambino, Jeffrey P. and Kingery, W. David and Pike, Gordon E. and Levinson, Lionel M. and Philipp, Herbert R.}, year={1989}, month=apr, pages={642–645} }

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