DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1984.0037. Mechanism of calcification in the marine alga <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i>

Mechanism of calcification in the marine alga Emiliania huxleyi

10.1098/rstb.1984.0037

Crossref journal-article

The Royal Society

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences (175)

Abstract

Coccoliths are delicate calcified structures produced by marine unicellular algae. In the species Emiliania huxleyi the calcium carbonate (mostly calcite) is closely associated with a complex, acidic polysaccharide which binds calcium ions specifically, interferes with the in vitro crystallization of calcium carbonate, and appears to be bound to a positively charged protein before the crystallization process is finished. Ultra-high resolution electron microscopy of the coccoliths reveals that the crystallographic structure differs in different parts of the constituent calcite elements. The synthesis of the coccoliths takes place intracellularly, and when this process is ended the coccoliths are extruded and incorporated into the so-called coccosphere surrounding the cell. Transmission electron microscope studies reveal the localization of polysaccharides in the calcifying organelle by means of cytochemical staining technique. The results are combined in a putative scheme describing coccolithogenesis.

Bibliography

Mechanism of calcification in the marine alga Emiliania huxleyi. (1984). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 304(1121), 435â444.

Authors 0

None

References 26 Referenced 93

Blankley W. F. 1971 Auxotrophic and heterotrophic growth and calcification in coccolithophorids. Ph.D. thesis University of California.
Bloomen L. 1982 Growth and agglomeration of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals. Ph.D. thesis University of Leiden.
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb07037.x
Crenshaw M. A. 1964 Coccolith formation by two marine coccolithophorids Coccolithus huxleyi and Hymenomonas sp.Ph.D. thesis. Duke University.
Van Emburg P. & De Bruijn W. C. 1983 Enhanced cellular membrane contrast in a marine alga by osmium-azole complexes. Protoplasma. (In the press.) (10.1007/BF01287816)
Fichtinger-Schepman A. M. J. 1980 Structural studies on the polysaccharide associated with the coccoliths of the alga Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner. Ph.D. thesis University of Utrecht. (10.1016/S0008-6215(00)80756-9)
10.1016/S0008-6215(00)80756-9
D ejong E. W. 1975 Isolation and characterization of polysaccharides associated with coccoliths. Ph.D. thesis University of Leiden.
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb11052.x
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb13288.x
Klaveness D. 1972 Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner. I. Morphological investigations on the vegetative cell and the process of coccolith formation. In Protistologica T. V III fasc. 3 pp. 335-346.
{'key': 'p_12', 'first-page': '217', 'article-title': 'Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Mohler. III. Mineral deposition and the origin of the matrix during coccolith formation', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Klaveness D.', 'year': '1976', 'journal-title': 'Protistologica T. XII, fasc.'} / Protistologica T. XII, fasc. / Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Mohler. III. Mineral deposition and the origin of the matrix during coccolith formation by Klaveness D. (1976)
Margulis L. & Schwartz K. L. 1982 Five kingdoms: guide to thephyla of life on Earth. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Co.
Paasche E. 1964 A tracer study of the inorganic carbon uptake during coccolith formation and photosynthesis in the coccolithophorid Coccolithus huxleyi. Physiol. Plant suppl. 3.
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1965.tb06876.x
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1966.tb07062.x
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1967.tb08382.x
10.1098/rspb.1983.0063
10.4319/lo.1980.25.2.0248
10.4319/lo.1982.27.1.0018
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1966.tb09095.x
{'key': 'p_22', 'first-page': '987', 'article-title': 'Mise en evidence des polysaccharides sur coupes fines en microscopie electronique', 'volume': '6', 'author': 'Thiery J.-P.', 'year': '1967', 'journal-title': 'J. Microscopie'} / J. Microscopie / Mise en evidence des polysaccharides sur coupes fines en microscopie electronique by Thiery J.-P. (1967)
Van der Wal P. D ejong E. W. Westbroek P. De Bruijn W. C. & Mulder-Stapel A. A. 1983 Ultrastructural polysaccharide localization in calcifying and naked cells of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi. Protoplasma. (In the press.) (10.1007/BF01293073)
10.1007/BF02008081
10.1007/BF02013737
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13463.x

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 18, 2006, 5:33 p.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 20, 2021, 6:09 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 4 weeks ago (July 1, 2025, 8:48 p.m.)
Issued	41 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 13, 1984)
Published	41 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 13, 1984)
Published Online	28 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1997)
Published Print	41 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 13, 1984)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{1984, volume={304}, ISSN={2054-0280}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1984.0037}, DOI={10.1098/rstb.1984.0037}, number={1121}, journal={Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences}, publisher={The Royal Society}, year={1984}, month=feb, pages={435–444} }

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