Abstract
The long-range dispersion forces in a non-uniform dielectric at finite temperature are deduced from the frequency-dependent susceptibility of the electric field and the dielectric constant at imaginary frequency by a method which gives the main results of Lifshitz’s treatment and does not use quantum field theory. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem allows one to express the dispersion free energy of an atom in terms of its electric polarizability, and to derive the image force on an atom near a metal surface, or the dispersion force between two atoms in vacuo at any temperature. By considering the relation between the force on an atom outside a dielectric and the state of the field inside the dielectric we derive an expression for the long-range dispersion part of the free energy of the medium , and find the force between two dissolved atom s in a dielectric fluid. The forces are equivalent to a system of Maxwell stresses which can be calculated from the field susceptibilities. A simple classical treatment of the susceptibility then gives the Lifshitz force between two parallel plates of dielectric at close distances.
References
13
Referenced
94
{'key': 'p_1', 'first-page': '636', 'article-title': 'Soviet Phys', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Abrikosov A. A.', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'J E T P'}/ J E T P / Soviet Phys by Abrikosov A. A. (1959)- Aub M. R . & Zienau S. i 960 Proc. Roy. Soc. A 257 464.
{'key': 'p_3', 'first-page': '34', 'article-title': 'P hys', 'volume': '83', 'author': 'Callen H .', 'year': '1951', 'journal-title': 'Rev.'}/ Rev. / P hys by Callen H . (1951){'key': 'p_4', 'first-page': '360', 'article-title': 'P hys', 'volume': '73', 'author': 'Casimir H .', 'year': '1948', 'journal-title': 'Rev.'}/ Rev. / P hys by Casimir H . (1948)10.1080/00018736100101281- Jeans J . H . 1925 Electricity and magnetism (5th ed.) p. 172. Cambridge U niversity Press.
{'key': 'p_7', 'first-page': '547', 'article-title': 'J', 'volume': '12', 'year': '1926', 'journal-title': 'Opt. Soc. A m er.'}/ Opt. Soc. A m er. / J (1926)- L andau L. D. & Lifshitz E . M. 1958 Statistical physics. L ondon: Pergam on Press.
- L andau L. D. & Lifshitz E . M. i 960 Electrodynamics of continuous media p. 360. L ondon: Pergam on Press.
{'key': 'p_10', 'first-page': '73', 'article-title': 'Soviet P hys', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Lifshitz E .', 'year': '1956', 'journal-title': 'J E T P'}/ J E T P / Soviet P hys by Lifshitz E . (1956){'key': 'p_11', 'first-page': '222', 'article-title': 'Z. P hys', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'London F .', 'year': '1930', 'journal-title': 'Chem. B'}/ Chem. B / Z. P hys by London F . (1930)10.1143/PTP.14.351{'key': 'p_13', 'first-page': '387', 'article-title': 'Proc. Roy', 'volume': '271', 'author': 'Lachlan A. D.', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'Soc. A'}/ Soc. A / Proc. Roy by Lachlan A. D. (1963)
Dates
| Type | When |
|---|---|
| Created | 18 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 18, 2006, 5:24 p.m.) |
| Deposited | 4 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 20, 2021, 7:16 p.m.) |
| Indexed | 3 days, 15 hours ago (Aug. 21, 2025, 12:36 p.m.) |
| Issued | 62 years, 2 months ago (June 25, 1963) |
| Published | 62 years, 2 months ago (June 25, 1963) |
| Published Online | 28 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1997) |
| Published Print | 62 years, 2 months ago (June 25, 1963) |
@article{1963, volume={274}, ISSN={2053-9169}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1963.0115}, DOI={10.1098/rspa.1963.0115}, number={1356}, journal={Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences}, publisher={The Royal Society}, year={1963}, month=jun, pages={80–90} }