DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1949.0003. Collective electron ferromagnetism III. Nickel and nickel-copper alloys

Collective electron ferromagnetism III. Nickel and nickel-copper alloys

10.1098/rspa.1949.0003

Crossref journal-article

The Royal Society

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences (175)

Abstract

The collective electron treatment of ferromagnetism (Stoner 1938 a , 1939) is applied to the magnetic and thermal properties of nickel and nickel-copper alloys. In § 1 a brief description is given of the theoretical background, together with the necessary extensions of the basic treatment, in particular so as to cover the effects of the overlap of the electronic d and s energy bands. With simplifying assumptions regarding the effect of alloying on the electronic structure, and using a limited range of observational data, estimates are obtained of the variation of the specifying parameters, band width and interchange interaction, for nickel-copper alloys, over a wide range of composition (§ 2). A discussion is given in § 3 of the dependence of the electron distribution on temperature. Calculations are carried out of the variation of the number of holes in the d band, due to the temperature redistribution of electrons between the bands (transfer effect). Other temperature effects, such as the variation of the specifying parameters due to thermal expansion, are briefly discussed, though they are not included in the main treatment (§§ 1 and 4). The treatment is applied to the temperature variation of susceptibility above the Curie point (§4). For nickel-rich alloys satisfactory agreement is obtained with experimental results (figures 10, 11 and 12). For copper-rich alloys the observed high-temperature increase of susceptibility is well explained (figure 13), but no interpretation can be given of the observed low-temperature variation. It is suggested that this may be due to inhomogeneities in composition. A discussion is given in § 5 of the bearing of the treatment on the electronic heat at high temperatures. Comparison is made with the relevant experimental results for nickel above the Curie point. Application is also made to the low-temperature electronic heat of nickel-copper alloys (§5). The general character of the variation of the electronic heat with composition is covered satisfactorily in the nickel-rich regions, but in the copper-rich regions discrepancies occur, similar to those for the low-temperature susceptibility (§4). In §6 a brief account is given of the results of a preliminary analysis of the magnetic properties of nickel alloys other than those with copper.

Bibliography

Collective electron ferromagnetism III. Nickel and nickel-copper alloys. (1949). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 195(1043), 434â463.

Authors 0

None

References 24 Referenced 72

Alder M. 1916 Thesis Zurich.
{'key': 'p_2', 'first-page': '133', 'article-title': 'Ergebn. exakt', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Auwers O. v.', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'Naturw .'} / Naturw . / Ergebn. exakt by Auwers O. v. (1937)
Comrie L. J . (ed.) 1936 Interpolation and allied tables. London: H.M . S tationery Office.
F allot M. 1944 J .Phys. R adium 5 153. (10.1051/jphysrad:0194400508015300)
{'key': 'p_5', 'first-page': '509', 'article-title': 'Proc. Roy', 'volume': '145', 'author': 'Grew K .', 'year': '1934', 'journal-title': 'Soc. A'} / Soc. A / Proc. Roy by Grew K . (1934)
{'key': 'p_6', 'first-page': '101', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'Hirone T.', 'year': '1938', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ.'} / Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. by Hirone T. (1938)
{'key': 'p_7', 'first-page': '455', 'volume': '63', 'year': '1943', 'journal-title': 'Phys. Rev.'} / Phys. Rev. (1943)
Keesom W. H . & Clark C. W . 1935 Physica 2 513. (10.1016/S0031-8914(35)90085-4)
Keesom W. H . & K ok J . A. 1936 Physica 3 1035. (10.1016/S0031-8914(36)80312-7)
Keesom W. H . & K urrelm eyer C. 1940 Physica 7 1003. (10.1016/S0031-8914(40)90066-0)
K link h ard t H . 1927 A n n . Phys. L pz. 84 167. (10.1086/333811)
10.1051/metal/192926030131
10.1103/PhysRev.48.664
10.1098/rsta.1938.0004
{'key': 'p_15', 'first-page': '167', 'article-title': 'A n n . Phys', 'volume': '5', 'year': '1936', 'journal-title': 'Paris'} / Paris / A n n . Phys (1936)
{'key': 'p_16', 'first-page': '459', 'article-title': 'A n n . P hys', 'volume': '7', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'Paris'} / Paris / A n n . P hys (1937)
{'key': 'p_17', 'first-page': '571', 'article-title': 'Proc. P hys', 'volume': '47', 'year': '1935', 'journal-title': 'Soc.'} / Soc. / Proc. P hys (1935)
Neel L. 1940 Le magnitisme 2 65. P aris: In s titu t Intern atio n al de Cooperation Intellectuelle.
Niessen K . F . 1939 Physica 6 1011. (10.1016/S0031-8914(39)90102-3)
{'key': 'p_20', 'first-page': '371', 'article-title': 'A n n . Phys', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Sadron C.', 'year': '1932', 'journal-title': 'Paris'} / Paris / A n n . Phys by Sadron C. (1932)
10.1103/PhysRev.49.537
Stoner E . C. 1936 P hil. M ag. 22 81. (10.1080/14786443608561668)
{'key': 'p_23', 'first-page': '372', 'article-title': 'Proc. Roy', 'volume': '165', 'author': 'Stoner E .', 'year': '1938', 'journal-title': 'Soc. A'} / Soc. A / Proc. Roy by Stoner E . (1938)
{'key': 'p_24', 'first-page': '899', 'article-title': '6 P hil', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'Stoner E .', 'year': '1938', 'journal-title': 'Mag.'} / Mag. / 6 P hil by Stoner E . (1938)

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 15, 2006, 3:03 p.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 18, 2021, 9:54 p.m.)
Indexed	4 months, 2 weeks ago (April 10, 2025, 8:46 a.m.)
Issued	76 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 3, 1949)
Published	76 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 3, 1949)
Published Online	28 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1997)
Published Print	76 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 3, 1949)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{1949, volume={195}, ISSN={2053-9169}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1949.0003}, DOI={10.1098/rspa.1949.0003}, number={1043}, journal={Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences}, publisher={The Royal Society}, year={1949}, month=feb, pages={434–463} }

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