DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad134. Conjugate Multimode Heat Transfer Analysis of Cryogenic EXLO Manipulation

Conjugate Multimode Heat Transfer Analysis of Cryogenic EXLO Manipulation

10.1093/micmic/ozad134

Crossref journal-article

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Microscopy and Microanalysis (286)

Abstract

Abstract In this study, a conjugate radiation/conduction multimode heat transfer analysis of cryogenic focused ion beam (FIB) milling steps necessary for producing ex situ lift out specimens under cryogenic conditions (cryo-EXLO) is performed. Using finite volume for transient heat conduction and enclosure theory for radiation heat transfer, the analysis shows that as long as the specimen is attached or touching the FIB side wall trenches, the specimen will remain vitreous indefinitely, while actively cooled at liquid nitrogen (LN2) temperatures. To simulate the time needed to perform a transfer step to move the bulk sample containing the FIB-thinned specimen from the cryo-FIB to the cryo-EXLO cryostat, the LN2 temperature active cooling is turned off after steady-state conditions are reached and the specimen is monitored over time until the critical devitrification temperature is reached. Under these conditions, the sample will remain vitreous for &gt;3 min, which is more than enough time needed to perform the cryo-transfer step from the FIB to the cryostat, which takes only ∼10 s. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy images of a manipulated cryo-EXLO yeast specimen prepared with cryo-FIB corroborates the heat transfer analysis.

Bibliography

Beggs, K. W., Kassab, A. J., Colletta, M., Yu, Y., Kourkoutis, L. F., Darwish, A. A., & Giannuzzi, L. A. (2024). Conjugate Multimode Heat Transfer Analysis of Cryogenic EXLO Manipulation. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 30(1), 66â76.

Authors 7

Kyle W Beggs (first)
Alain J Kassab (additional)
Michael Colletta (additional)
Yue Yu (additional)
Lena F Kourkoutis (additional)
Ahmed A Darwish (additional)
Lucille A Giannuzzi (additional)

References 23 Referenced 3

{'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B1', 'volume-title': 'Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer', 'author': 'Anderson', 'year': '2021', 'edition': '4th ed.'} / Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer by Anderson (2021)
{'volume-title': 'Application of Ray Tracing in Radiation Heat Transfer', 'year': '1993', 'author': 'Baumeister', 'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B2'} / Application of Ray Tracing in Radiation Heat Transfer by Baumeister (1993)
10.1115/1.2402181 / ASME J Heat Transfer / An efficient localized RBF meshless method for fluid flow and conjugate heat transfer by Divo (2007)
10.1093/micmic/ozac029 / Microsc Microanal / Cryo-EXLO manipulation of FIB specimens for cryo-TEM by Giannuzzi (2023)
10.1016/S0091-679X(01)67003-1 / Methods Cell Biol / Using rapid freeze and freeze-substitution for the preparation of yeast cells for electron microscopy and three-dimensional analysis by Giddings (2001)
10.1002/9781118411285 / Heat Conduction by Hahn (2012)
10.1201/9781439894552 / Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer by Howell (2010)
{'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B8', 'volume-title': 'Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer', 'author': 'Incropera', 'year': '2007', 'edition': '6th ed'} / Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer by Incropera (2007)
{'volume-title': 'Advances in Boundary Elements: Coupled Field Problems', 'year': '2001', 'author': 'Kassab', 'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B9'} / Advances in Boundary Elements: Coupled Field Problems by Kassab (2001)
10.1038/s41467-022-29501-3 / Nat Commun / Waffle method: A general and flexible approach for improving throughput in FIB-milling by Kelley (2022)
10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.01567.x / J Microsc / Focused ion beam milling of vitreous water: Prospects for an alternative to cryo-ultramicrotomy of frozen-hydrated biological samples by Marko (2006)
{'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B12', 'volume-title': 'Radiative Heat Transfer', 'author': 'Modest', 'year': '2022', 'edition': '4th ed'} / Radiative Heat Transfer by Modest (2022)
10.1016/j.molcel.2015.02.019 / Mol Cell / Cryo-EM: A unique tool for the visualization of macromolecular complexity by Nogales (2015)
10.1111/jmi.12953 / J Microsc / Cryo-FIB-lift-out: Practically impossible to practical reality by Parmenter (2021)
10.1080/10407790903508046 / Numer Heat Transf Part A: Fundam / The effect of conjugate heat transfer on film cooling effectiveness by Silieti (2009)
10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2009.04.007 / Int J Therm Sci / Film cooling effectiveness: Comparison of adiabatic and conjugate heat transfer CFD models by Silieti (2009)
10.1051/e3sconf/20171401027 / E3S Web Conf / Polyhedral meshing as an innovative approach to computational domain discretization of a cyclone in a fluidized bed CLC unit by Sosnowski (2017)
10.1051/epjconf/201818002096 / E3S Web Conf / Polyhedral meshing in numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer by Sosnowski (2018)
10.1080/10255842.2010.518565 / Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng / Tetrahedral versus polyhedral mesh size evaluation on flow velocity and wall shear stress for cerebral hemodynamic simulation by Spiegel (2021)
{'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B20'}
10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107743 / J Struct Biol / A streamlined workflow for automated cryo focused ion beam milling by Tacke (2021)
{'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B22', 'volume-title': 'An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics—The Finite Volume Method', 'author': 'Versteeg', 'year': '2007', 'edition': '2nd ed'} / An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics—The Finite Volume Method by Versteeg (2007)
{'volume-title': 'Turbulence Modeling for CFD', 'year': '2006', 'author': 'Wilcox', 'key': '2024030721392074600_ozad134-B23'} / Turbulence Modeling for CFD by Wilcox (2006)

Dates

Type	When
Created	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 5, 2024, 11:38 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 5 months ago (March 7, 2024, 4:39 p.m.)
Indexed	2 months, 1 week ago (June 12, 2025, 8:28 a.m.)
Issued	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 5, 2024)
Published	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 5, 2024)
Published Online	1 year, 7 months ago (Jan. 5, 2024)
Published Print	1 year, 5 months ago (March 7, 2024)

Funders 1

National Science Foundation 10.13039/100000001
Region: Americas
gov (National government)
Labels4
1. U.S. National Science Foundation
2. NSF
3. US NSF
4. USA NSF
Awards3
1. DMR-1719875
2. DMR-1654596
3. DMR-1429155

BibTeX

@article{Beggs_2024, title={Conjugate Multimode Heat Transfer Analysis of Cryogenic EXLO Manipulation}, volume={30}, ISSN={1435-8115}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/micmic/ozad134}, DOI={10.1093/micmic/ozad134}, number={1}, journal={Microscopy and Microanalysis}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Beggs, Kyle W and Kassab, Alain J and Colletta, Michael and Yu, Yue and Kourkoutis, Lena F and Darwish, Ahmed A and Giannuzzi, Lucille A}, year={2024}, month=jan, pages={66–76} }

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