In Vivo Analysis of Autophagy in Response to Nutrient Starvation Using Transgenic Mice Expressing a Fluorescent Autophagosome Marker
10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0704
Crossref journal-article
American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (1076)
Abstract

Macroautophagy mediates the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components. It accounts for the degradation of most long-lived proteins: cytoplasmic constituents, including organelles, are sequestered into autophagosomes, which subsequently fuse with lysosomes, where degradation occurs. Although the possible involvement of autophagy in homeostasis, development, cell death, and pathogenesis has been repeatedly pointed out, systematic in vivo analysis has not been performed in mammals, mainly because of a limitation of monitoring methods. To understand where and when autophagy occurs in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice systemically expressing GFP fused to LC3, which is a mammalian homologue of yeast Atg8 (Aut7/Apg8) and serves as a marker protein for autophagosomes. Fluorescence microscopic analyses revealed that autophagy is differently induced by nutrient starvation in most tissues. In some tissues, autophagy even occurs actively without starvation treatments. Our results suggest that the regulation of autophagy is organ dependent and the role of autophagy is not restricted to the starvation response. This transgenic mouse model is a useful tool to study mammalian autophagy.

Bibliography

Mizushima, N., Yamamoto, A., Matsui, M., Yoshimori, T., & Ohsumi, Y. (2004). In Vivo Analysis of Autophagy in Response to Nutrient Starvation Using Transgenic Mice Expressing a Fluorescent Autophagosome Marker. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 15(3), 1101–1111.

Authors 5
  1. Noboru Mizushima (first)
  2. Akitsugu Yamamoto (additional)
  3. Makoto Matsui (additional)
  4. Tamotsu Yoshimori (additional)
  5. Yoshinori Ohsumi (additional)
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Dates
Type When
Created 21 years, 7 months ago (Dec. 29, 2003, 8:14 p.m.)
Deposited 2 years, 3 months ago (April 27, 2023, 1:35 p.m.)
Indexed 3 days, 3 hours ago (Aug. 23, 2025, 1 a.m.)
Issued 21 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2004)
Published 21 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2004)
Published Print 21 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2004)
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@article{Mizushima_2004, title={In Vivo Analysis of Autophagy in Response to Nutrient Starvation Using Transgenic Mice Expressing a Fluorescent Autophagosome Marker}, volume={15}, ISSN={1939-4586}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0704}, DOI={10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0704}, number={3}, journal={Molecular Biology of the Cell}, publisher={American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)}, author={Mizushima, Noboru and Yamamoto, Akitsugu and Matsui, Makoto and Yoshimori, Tamotsu and Ohsumi, Yoshinori}, year={2004}, month=mar, pages={1101–1111} }