DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.11.3771. Functional Roles for Fatty Acylated Amino-terminal Domains in Subcellular Localization

Functional Roles for Fatty Acylated Amino-terminal Domains in Subcellular Localization

10.1091/mbc.10.11.3771

Crossref journal-article

American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)

Molecular Biology of the Cell (1076)

Abstract

Several membrane-associating signals, including covalently linked fatty acids, are found in various combinations at the N termini of signaling proteins. The function of these combinations was investigated by appending fatty acylated N-terminal sequences to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Myristoylated plus mono/dipalmitoylated GFP chimeras and a GFP chimera containing a myristoylated plus a polybasic domain were localized similarly to the plasma membrane and endosomal vesicles, but not to the nucleus. Myristoylated, nonpalmitoylated mutant chimeric GFPs were localized to intracellular membranes, including endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum, and were absent from the plasma membrane, the Golgi, and the nucleus. Dually palmitoylated GFP was localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi region, but it was not detected in endosomes. Nonacylated GFP chimeras, as well as GFP, showed cytosolic and nuclear distribution. Our results demonstrate that myristoylation is sufficient to exclude GFP from the nucleus and associate with intracellular membranes, but plasma membrane localization requires a second signal, namely palmitoylation or a polybasic domain. The similarity in localization conferred by the various myristoylated and palmitoylated/polybasic sequences suggests that biophysical properties of acylated sequences and biological membranes are key determinants in proper membrane selection. However, dual palmitoylation in the absence of myristoylation conferred significant differences in localization, suggesting that multiple palmitoylation sites and/or enzymes may exist.

Bibliography

McCabe, J. B., & Berthiaume, L. G. (1999). Functional Roles for Fatty Acylated Amino-terminal Domains in Subcellular Localization. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 10(11), 3771â3786.

Authors 2

James B. McCabe (first)
Luc G. Berthiaume (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	12 years, 1 month ago (July 2, 2013, 7:21 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 3 months ago (May 13, 2024, 1:59 p.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 2 days ago (Aug. 6, 2025, 8:05 a.m.)
Issued	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)
Published	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)
Published Print	25 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 1999)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{McCabe_1999, title={Functional Roles for Fatty Acylated Amino-terminal Domains in Subcellular Localization}, volume={10}, ISSN={1939-4586}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.11.3771}, DOI={10.1091/mbc.10.11.3771}, number={11}, journal={Molecular Biology of the Cell}, publisher={American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)}, author={McCabe, James B. and Berthiaume, Luc G.}, editor={Pfeffer, Suzanne R.}, year={1999}, month=nov, pages={3771–3786} }

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  "abstract": "<jats:p>Several membrane-associating signals, including covalently linked fatty acids, are found in various combinations at the N termini of signaling proteins. The function of these combinations was investigated by appending fatty acylated N-terminal sequences to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Myristoylated plus mono/dipalmitoylated GFP chimeras and a GFP chimera containing a myristoylated plus a polybasic domain were localized similarly to the plasma membrane and endosomal vesicles, but not to the nucleus. Myristoylated, nonpalmitoylated mutant chimeric GFPs were localized to intracellular membranes, including endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum, and were absent from the plasma membrane, the Golgi, and the nucleus. Dually palmitoylated GFP was localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi region, but it was not detected in endosomes. Nonacylated GFP chimeras, as well as GFP, showed cytosolic and nuclear distribution. Our results demonstrate that myristoylation is sufficient to exclude GFP from the nucleus and associate with intracellular membranes, but plasma membrane localization requires a second signal, namely palmitoylation or a polybasic domain. The similarity in localization conferred by the various myristoylated and palmitoylated/polybasic sequences suggests that biophysical properties of acylated sequences and biological membranes are key determinants in proper membrane selection. However, dual palmitoylation in the absence of myristoylation conferred significant differences in localization, suggesting that multiple palmitoylation sites and/or enzymes may exist.</jats:p>",
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