Abstract
The extracellular matrix exerts a stringent control on the proliferation of normal cells, suggesting the existence of a mitogenic signaling pathway activated by integrins, but not significantly by growth factor receptors. Herein, we provide evidence that integrins cause a significant and protracted activation of Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), while several growth factors cause more modest or no activation of this enzyme. Integrin-mediated stimulation of JNK required the association of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) with a Src kinase and p130CAS, the phosphorylation of p130CAS, and subsequently, the recruitment of Crk. Ras and PI-3K were not required. FAK–JNK signaling was necessary for proper progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. These findings establish a role for FAK in both the activation of JNK and the control of the cell cycle, and identify a physiological stimulus for JNK signaling that is consistent with the role of Jun in both proliferation and transformation.
Bibliography
Oktay, M., Wary, K. K., Dans, M., Birge, R. B., & Giancotti, F. G. (1999). Integrin-mediated Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase Is Required for Signaling to Jun NH2-terminal Kinase and Progression through the G1 Phase of the Cell Cycle. The Journal of Cell Biology, 145(7), 1461â1470.
References
91
Referenced
225
10.1128/MCB.18.5.3044
/ Mol Cell Biol / Activation of Rho-dependent cell spreading and focal adhesion biogenesis by the v-Crk adaptor protein by Altun-Gultekin (1998){'key': '2023072900244572500_B2', 'first-page': '877', 'article-title': 'Suppression of oncogene-induced transformation by a deletion mutant of c-jun', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Brown', 'year': '1993', 'journal-title': 'Oncogene'}
/ Oncogene / Suppression of oncogene-induced transformation by a deletion mutant of c-jun by Brown (1993)10.1042/bj3210795
/ Biochem J / Differential regulation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 and Jun N-terminal kinase 1 by Ca2+and protein kinase C in endothelin-stimulated Rat-1 cells by Cadwallader (1997)10.1083/jcb.140.1.211
/ J Cell Biol / Identification of p130Casas a mediator of focal adhesion kinase-promoted cell migration by Cary (1998)10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32031-8
/ J Biol Chem / A transmembrane-anchored chimeric focal adhesion kinase is constitutively activated and phosphorylated at tyrosine residues identical to pp125FAK by Chan (1994)10.1074/jbc.271.42.26329
/ J Biol Chem / Phosphorylation of tyrosine 397 in focal adhesion kinase is required for binding phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by Chen (1996)10.1242/jcs.107.12.3643
/ J Cell Sci / Tyrosine phosphorylation is involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to serum or LPA stimulation by Chrzanowska-Wodnicka (1994)10.1126/science.7716514
/ Science / Integrin signaling: the road taken by Clark (1995){'key': '2023072900244572500_B9', 'first-page': 'R9', 'article-title': 'Meeting Report: 1997 keystone symposium on signal transduction by cell adhesion receptors', 'volume': '1333', 'author': 'Clark', 'year': '1997', 'journal-title': 'Biochim Biophys Acta'}
/ Biochim Biophys Acta / Meeting Report: 1997 keystone symposium on signal transduction by cell adhesion receptors by Clark (1997)10.1074/jbc.270.10.5620
/ J Biol Chem / Transforming G protein-coupled receptors potently activate JNK (SAPK): evidence for a divergence from the tyrosine kinase signaling pathway by Coso (1995)10.1016/0092-8674(94)90380-8
/ Cell / JNK1: a protein kinase stimulated by UV light and Ha-Ras that binds and phosphorylates the c-jun activation domain by Derijard (1994)10.1073/pnas.95.26.15394
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / The adaptor protein Crk connects multiple cellular stimuli to the JNK signaling pathway by Dolfi (1998){'key': '2023072900244572500_B13', 'first-page': '7295', 'article-title': 'c-Abl kinase regulates the protein binding activity of c-Crk', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Feller', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J'}
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / c-Abl kinase regulates the protein binding activity of c-Crk by Feller (1994)10.1093/emboj/17.1.81
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / The catalytic activity of Src is dispensable for translocation to focal adhesions but controls the turnover of these structures during cell motility by Fincham (1998)10.1083/jcb.135.5.1377
/ J Cell Biol / A role for Jun N-terminal kinase in anoikis; suppression by Bcl-2 and crmA by Frisch (1996)10.1083/jcb.134.3.793
/ J Cell Biol / Control of adhesion-dependent cell survival by focal adhesion kinase by Frisch (1996){'key': '2023072900244572500_B17', 'first-page': '1989', 'article-title': 'Mesodermal defect in late phase of gastrulation by a targeted mutation of focal adhesion kinase, FAK', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'Furuta', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'Oncogene'}
/ Oncogene / Mesodermal defect in late phase of gastrulation by a targeted mutation of focal adhesion kinase, FAK by Furuta (1995){'key': '2023072900244572500_B18', 'first-page': '1101', 'article-title': 'Differential effects of c-jun and CREB on c-AMP response element activation by Ha-ras', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Galien', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Oncogene'}
/ Oncogene / Differential effects of c-jun and CREB on c-AMP response element activation by Ha-ras by Galien (1994)10.1016/S0955-0674(97)80123-8
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / Integrin signaling: specificity and control of cell survival and cell cycle progression by Giancotti (1997)10.1091/mbc.7.8.1209
/ Mol Biol Cell / Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling in focal adhesions decreases cell motility and proliferation by Gilmore (1996)10.1101/gad.7.11.2135
/ Genes Dev / Identification of an oncoprotein and UV-responsive protein kinase that binds and potentiates the c-Jun activation domain by Hibi (1993)10.1074/jbc.272.41.25845
/ J Biol Chem / Gα16 mimics vasoconstrictor action to induce smooth muscle alpha-actin in vascular smooth muscle cells through a Jun-NH2-terminal kinase-dependent pathway by Higashita (1997)10.1038/1246
/ Nature Genetics / Cardiovascular anomaly, impaired actin bundling and resistance to Src-induced transformation in mice lacking p130CAS by Honda (1998)10.1016/S0955-0674(98)80144-0
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / Integrin signaling and cell growth control by Howe (1998)10.1038/377539a0
/ Nature / Reduced cell motility and enhanced focal adhesion contact formation in cells from FAK-deficient mice by Ilic (1995)10.1083/jcb.143.2.547
/ J Cell Biol / Extracellular matrix survival signals transduced by focal adhesion kinase suppress p53-mediated apoptosis by Ilic (1998)10.1016/S0955-0674(98)80143-9
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK): from inflammation to development by Ip (1998)10.1101/gad.7.7b.1309
/ Genes Dev / A null mutation at the c-jun locus causes embryonic lethality and retarded cell growth in culture by Johnson (1993)10.1128/MCB.16.8.4504
/ Mol Cell Biol / Cellular transformation and malignancy induced by ras require c-jun by Johnson (1996)10.1074/jbc.270.28.16483
/ J Biol Chem / The regulation of AP-1 activity by mitogen-activated protein kinases by Karin (1995)10.1016/S0955-0674(97)80068-3
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / AP-1 function and regulation by Karin (1997)10.1083/jcb.139.4.1017
/ J Cell Biol / Lack of correlation between activation of Jun-NH2-terminal kinase and induction of apoptosis after detachment of epithelial cells by Khwaja (1997)10.1128/MCB.17.8.4406
/ Mol Cell Biol / Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is required for integrin-stimulated AKT and Raf-1/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase pathway activation by King (1997)10.1083/jcb.140.4.961
/ J Cell Biol / CAS/Crk coupling serves as a “molecular switch” for induction of cell migration by Klemke (1998)10.1128/MCB.16.8.4117
/ Mol Cell Biol / Membrane localization of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is sufficient to activate multiple signal-transducing kinase pathways by Klippel (1996)10.1038/369156a0
/ Nature / The stress-activated protein kinase subfamily of c-Jun kinases by Kyriakis (1994)10.1074/jbc.272.14.8849
/ J Biol Chem / Cell anchorage permits efficient signal transduction between Ras and its downstream kinases by Lin (1997)10.1128/MCB.17.10.5784
/ Mol Cell Biol / Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediates epidermal growth factor-induced activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway by Logan (1997)10.1172/JCI1026
/ J Clin Invest / Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation by mechanical stretch is integrin-dependent and matrix-specific in rat cardiac fibroblasts by MacKenna (1998)10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00126.x
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Signal transduction by the α6β4 integrin: distinct β4 subunit sites mediate recruitment of Shc/Grb2 and association with the cytoskeleton of hemidesmosomes by Mainiero (1995)10.1093/emboj/16.9.2365
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / The coupling of α6β4 integrin to Ras-MAP kinase pathways mediated by Shc controls keratinocyte proliferation by Mainiero (1997){'key': '2023072900244572500_B42', 'first-page': '3482', 'article-title': 'Two species of human CRK cDNA encode proteins with distinct biological activities', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Matsuda', 'year': '1992', 'journal-title': 'Mol Cell Biol'}
/ Mol Cell Biol / Two species of human CRK cDNA encode proteins with distinct biological activities by Matsuda (1992)10.1128/jvi.64.8.3581-3589.1990
/ J Virol / Mutagenic analysis of the v-crk oncogene. Requirement of SH2 and SH3 domains and correlation between increased phosphotyrosine and transformation by Mayer (1990)10.1038/332272a0
/ Nature / A novel viral oncogene with structural similarity to phospholipase C by Mayer (1988)10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00060-1
/ Curr Biol / Evidence that SH2 domains promote processive phosphorylation by protein-tyrosine kinases by Mayer (1995){'key': '2023072900244572500_B46', 'first-page': '6683', 'article-title': 'c-Jun N-terminal phosphorylation correlates with activation of the JNK subgroup but not the ERK subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Minden', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Mol Cell Biol'}
/ Mol Cell Biol / c-Jun N-terminal phosphorylation correlates with activation of the JNK subgroup but not the ERK subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases by Minden (1994)10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80019-4
/ Cell / Selective activation of the JNK signaling cascade and c-Jun transcriptional activity by the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42Hs by Minden (1995)10.1083/jcb.131.3.791
/ J Cell Biol / Integrin function: molecular hierarchies of cytoskeletal and signaling molecules by Miyamoto (1995)10.1083/jcb.135.6.1633
/ J Cell Biol / Integrins can collaborate with growth factors for phosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases and MAP kinase activation: roles of integrin aggregation and occupancy of receptors by Miyamoto (1996)10.1093/emboj/17.22.6622
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Integrins induce activation of EGF receptor: role in MAP kinase induction and adhesion-dependent cell survival by Moro (1998)10.1093/emboj/17.14.3940
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Cell cycle and adhesion defects in mice carrying a targeted deletion of the integrin β4 cytoplasmic domain by Murgia (1998)10.1242/jcs.108.1.225
/ J Cell Sci / Activation of the small GTP-binding proteins rho and rac by growth factor receptor by Nobes (1995){'key': '2023072900244572500_B53', 'first-page': '2752', 'article-title': 'Overexpression of the focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) in invasive human tumors', 'volume': '55', 'author': 'Owens', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'Cancer Res'}
/ Cancer Res / Overexpression of the focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) in invasive human tumors by Owens (1995)10.1016/S0955-0674(96)80059-7
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / Integrin-mediated signaling: regulation by protein tyrosine kinases and small GTP-binding proteins by Parsons (1996)10.1099/0022-1317-68-12-3177
/ J Gen Virol / Epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies to gag protein p19 of avian sarcoma and leukemia viruses by Potts (1987)10.1083/jcb.142.2.587
/ J Cell Biol / Integrin α1β1 mediates a unique collagen-dependent proliferation pathway in vivo by Pozzi (1998)10.1073/pnas.92.25.11746
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / The Bcr-Abl leukemia oncogene activates Jun kinase and requires Jun for transformation by Raitano (1995)10.1016/S0021-9258(17)42406-9
/ J Biol Chem / Platelet-derived growth factor modulation of focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) and paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation in Swiss 3T3 cells by Rankin (1994)10.1093/emboj/16.18.5592
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Growth factor activation of MAP kinase requires cell adhesion by Renshaw (1997)10.1073/pnas.89.1.157
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / Transcription factor AP-1 activity is required for initiation of DNA synthesis and is lost during cellular aging by Riabowol (1992)10.1038/380538a0
/ Nature / A mechanism for regulation of the adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase pp125FAK by Richardson (1996)10.1093/emboj/16.10.2634
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Activation of the JNK pathway is essential for transformation by the Met oncogene by Rodrigues (1997)10.1038/370527a0
/ Nature / Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase as direct target of ras by Rodriguez-Viciana (1994)10.1016/0092-8674(94)90209-7
/ Cell / Anchorage-dependence, integrins and apoptosis by Ruoslahti (1994)10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06684.x
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / A novel signaling molecule, p130, forms stable complexes in vivo with v-Crk and v-Src in a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent manner by Sakai (1994)10.1128/MCB.15.5.2635
/ Mol Cell Biol / pp125FAK-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin creates a high-affinity binding site for Crk by Schaller (1995){'key': '2023072900244572500_B67', 'first-page': '1680', 'article-title': 'Autophosphorylation of the focal adhesion kinase directs SH2-dependent binding of pp60src', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Schaller', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Mol Cell Biol'}
/ Mol Cell Biol / Autophosphorylation of the focal adhesion kinase directs SH2-dependent binding of pp60src by Schaller (1994)10.1016/S0962-8924(97)01172-0
/ Trends Cell Biol / Integrin signaling and tyrosine phosphorylation: just the facts? by Schlaepfer (1998)10.1038/372786a0
/ Nature / Integrin-mediated signal transduction linked to Ras pathway by GRB2 binding to focal adhesion kinase by Schlaepfer (1994)10.1128/MCB.17.3.1702
/ Mol Cell Biol / Fibronectin-stimulated signaling from a focal adhesion kinase–c-Src complex: involvement of the Grb2, p130cas, and Nck adaptor proteins by Schlaepfer (1997)10.1093/emboj/16.18.5600
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / αvβ3 integrin associates with activated insulin and PDGFβ receptors and potentiates the biological activity of PDGF by Schneller (1997)10.1083/jcb.139.3.575
/ J Cell Biol / Integrins, oncogenes, and anchorage independence by Schwartz (1997)10.1093/emboj/17.20.5933
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Pyk2 and Src-family protein-tyrosine kinases compensate for the loss of FAK in fibronectin-stimulated signaling events but Pyk2 does not fully function to enhance FAK−cell migration by Sieg (1998)10.1073/pnas.95.13.7281
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / Tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and focal adhesion kinase by activation of muscarinic m3 receptors is dependent on integrin engagement by the extracellular matrix by Slack (1998)10.1038/354494a0
/ Nature / Oncogenic and transcriptional cooperation with Ha-Ras requires phosphorylation of c-Jun on serines 63 and 73 by Smeal (1991)10.1093/emboj/18.4.882
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / Role of αvβ3 integrin in the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 by Soldi (1999){'key': '2023072900244572500_B77', 'first-page': '639', 'article-title': 'Definition of the human raf amino-terminal regulatory region by deletion mutagenesis', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Stanton', 'year': '1989', 'journal-title': 'Mol Cell Biol'}
/ Mol Cell Biol / Definition of the human raf amino-terminal regulatory region by deletion mutagenesis by Stanton (1989)10.1093/emboj/16.6.1279
/ EMBO (Eur Mol Biol Organ) J / NIK is a new Ste20-related kinase that binds NCK and MEKK1 and activates the SAPK/JNK cascade via a conserved regulatory domain by Su (1997)10.1074/jbc.273.3.1281
/ J Biol Chem / Guanine-nucleotide exchange protein C3G activates JNK1 by a Ras-independent mechanism: JNK1 activation inhibited by kinase negative forms of MLK3 and DLK mixed lineage kinases by Tanaka (1998)10.1073/pnas.91.8.3443
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / C3G, a guanine nucleotide-releasing protein expressed ubiquitously, binds to the Src homology 3 domains of CRK and GRB2/ASH proteins by Tanaka (1994)10.1073/pnas.94.6.2356
/ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA / Downstream of Crk adaptor signaling pathway: activation of Jun kinase through the guanine nucleotide exchange protein C3G by Tanaka (1997){'key': '2023072900244572500_B82', 'first-page': '2469', 'article-title': 'Isolation and chromosomal localization of CRKL, a human crk-like gene', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'ten Hoeve', 'year': '1993', 'journal-title': 'Oncogene'}
/ Oncogene / Isolation and chromosomal localization of CRKL, a human crk-like gene by ten Hoeve (1993)10.1126/science.273.5276.792
/ Science / Activation of Pyk2 by stress signals and coupling with JNK signaling pathway by Tokiwa (1996){'key': '2023072900244572500_B84'}
10.1128/MCB.16.6.2606
/ Mol Cell Biol / Induction of p130cassignaling complex formation upon integrin-mediated cell adhesion: a role for Src family kinases by Vuori (1996)10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81392-6
/ Cell / The adaptor protein Shc couples a class of integrins to the control of cell cycle progression by Wary (1996)10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81604-9
/ Cell / A requirement for caveolin-1 and associated kinase Fyn in integrin signaling and anchorage-dependent cell growth by Wary (1998)10.1016/S0955-0674(97)80155-X
/ Curr Opin Cell Biol / Molecular interactions in cell adhesion complexes by Yamada (1997)10.1074/jbc.271.47.29993
/ J Biol Chem / Activation of a novel calcium-dependent protein-tyrosine kinase. Correlation with c-Jun N-terminal kinase but not mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by Yu (1996)10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41733-4
/ J Biol Chem / Bombesin, vasopressin, and endothelin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in Swiss 3T3 cells. Identification of a novel tyrosine kinase as a major substrate by Zachary (1992)10.1083/jcb.143.7.1997
/ J Cell Biol / Regulation of the cell cycle by focal adhesion kinase by Zhao (1998)
Dates
Type | When |
---|---|
Created | 23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 12:45 p.m.) |
Deposited | 2 years, 1 month ago (July 28, 2023, 8:25 p.m.) |
Indexed | 1 month, 1 week ago (July 20, 2025, 6:44 p.m.) |
Issued | 26 years, 2 months ago (June 28, 1999) |
Published | 26 years, 2 months ago (June 28, 1999) |
Published Online | 26 years, 2 months ago (June 28, 1999) |
Published Print | 26 years, 2 months ago (June 28, 1999) |
@article{Oktay_1999, title={Integrin-mediated Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase Is Required for Signaling to Jun NH2-terminal Kinase and Progression through the G1 Phase of the Cell Cycle}, volume={145}, ISSN={1540-8140}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.145.7.1461}, DOI={10.1083/jcb.145.7.1461}, number={7}, journal={The Journal of Cell Biology}, publisher={Rockefeller University Press}, author={Oktay, Maja and Wary, Kishore K. and Dans, Michael and Birge, Raymond B. and Giancotti, Filippo G.}, year={1999}, month=jun, pages={1461–1470} }