DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.4.1579. Mechanism of photosystem II photoinactivation and D1 protein degradation at low light: The role of back electron flow

Mechanism of photosystem II photoinactivation and D1 protein degradation at low light: The role of back electron flow

10.1073/pnas.94.4.1579

Crossref journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (341)

Abstract

Light intensities that limit electron flow induce rapid degradation of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center D1 protein. The mechanism of this phenomenon is not known. We propose that at low excitation rates back electron flow and charge recombination between the Q B •− or Q A •− semiquinone acceptors and the oxidized S 2,3 states of the PSII donor side may cause oxidative damage via generation of active oxygen species. Therefore, damage per photochemical event should increase with decreasing rates of PSII excitation. To test this hypothesis, the effect of the dark interval between single turnover flashes on the inactivation of water oxidation, charge separation and recombination, and the degradation of D1 protein were determined in spinach thylakoids. PSII inactivation per flash increases as the dark interval between the flashes increases, and a plateau is reached at dark intervals, allowing complete charge recombination of the Q B •− /S 2,3 or Q A •− /S 2 states (about 200 and 40 s, respectively). At these excitation rates: ( i ) 0.7% and 0.4% of PSII is inactivated and 0.4% and 0.2% of the D1 protein is degraded per flash, respectively, and ( ii ) the damage per flash is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than that induced by equal amount of energy delivered by excess continuous light. No PSII damage occurs if flashes are given in anaerobic conditions. These results demonstrate that charge recombination in active PSII is promoted by low rates of excitation and may account for a the high quantum efficiency of the rapid turnover of the D1 protein induced by limiting light.

Bibliography

Keren, N., Berg, A., vanâKan, P. J. M., Levanon, H., & Ohad, I. (1997). Mechanism of photosystem II photoinactivation and D1 protein degradation at low light: The role of back electronâflow. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 94(4), 1579â1584.

Authors 5

Nir Keren (first)
Alexander Berg (additional)
Paul J. M. van Kan (additional)
Haim Levanon (additional)
Itzhak Ohad (additional)

References 43 Referenced 260

10.1073/pnas.78.3.1572
10.1016/B978-0-444-89440-3.50017-5
I Ohad, N Keren, H Zer, H Gong, T S Mor, A Gal, S Tal, Y Domovich Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis: From the Molecular Mechanisms to the Field, eds N R Baker, J R Bowyer (Bios, Oxford), pp. 161–177 (1994). / Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis: From the Molecular Mechanisms to the Field by Ohad I (1994)
10.1016/0005-2728(93)90134-2
J A Raven Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis: From Molecular Mechanisms to the Field, eds N R Baker, J R Bowyer (Bios, Oxford), pp. 449–461 (1994). / Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis: From Molecular Mechanisms to the Field by Raven J A (1994)
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Y Inoue Biophysical Techniques in Photosynthesis, eds J Amesz, A J Hoff (Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands), pp. 93–107 (1996). / Biophysical Techniques in Photosynthesis by Inoue Y (1996)
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N Keren, P J M van Kan, A Berg, H Gong, S Shochat, H Levanon, S Styring, B Andersson, I Ohad Photosynthesis: From Light to Biosphere, ed P Mathis (Kluwer, London), pp. 299–302 (1995). / Photosynthesis: From Light to Biosphere by Keren N (1995)
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Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 10:35 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 4 months ago (April 13, 2022, 3:10 p.m.)
Indexed	3 days ago (Aug. 29, 2025, 6:10 a.m.)
Issued	28 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 18, 1997)
Published	28 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 18, 1997)
Published Online	28 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 18, 1997)
Published Print	28 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 18, 1997)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Keren_1997, title={Mechanism of photosystem II photoinactivation and D1 protein degradation at low light: The role of back electron flow}, volume={94}, ISSN={1091-6490}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.4.1579}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.94.4.1579}, number={4}, journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, publisher={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author={Keren, Nir and Berg, Alexander and van Kan, Paul J. M. and Levanon, Haim and Ohad, Itzhak}, year={1997}, month=feb, pages={1579–1584} }

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