DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.24.9868. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.

10.1073/pnas.87.24.9868

Crossref journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (341)

Abstract

Paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in venous blood is a naturally occurring contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). By accentuating the effects of this agent through the use of gradient-echo techniques in high fields, we demonstrate in vivo images of brain microvasculature with image contrast reflecting the blood oxygen level. This blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast follows blood oxygen changes induced by anesthetics, by insulin-induced hypoglycemia, and by inhaled gas mixtures that alter metabolic demand or blood flow. The results suggest that BOLD contrast can be used to provide in vivo real-time maps of blood oxygenation in the brain under normal physiological conditions. BOLD contrast adds an additional feature to magnetic resonance imaging and complements other techniques that are attempting to provide positron emission tomography-like measurements related to regional neural activity.

Bibliography

Ogawa, S., Lee, T. M., Kay, A. R., & Tank, D. W. (1990). Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 87(24), 9868â9872.

Authors 4

S Ogawa (first)
T M Lee (additional)
A R Kay (additional)
D W Tank (additional)

References 0 Referenced 4,825

None

Dates

Type	When
Created	19 years, 2 months ago (May 31, 2006, 3:32 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 4 months ago (April 13, 2022, 9:13 a.m.)
Indexed	1 day, 6 hours ago (Aug. 29, 2025, 6:45 a.m.)
Issued	34 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 1, 1990)
Published	34 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 1, 1990)
Published Online	34 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 1, 1990)
Published Print	34 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 1, 1990)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Ogawa_1990, title={Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.}, volume={87}, ISSN={1091-6490}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9868}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.87.24.9868}, number={24}, journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, publisher={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author={Ogawa, S and Lee, T M and Kay, A R and Tank, D W}, year={1990}, month=dec, pages={9868–9872} }

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