DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474. Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells.

Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells.

10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474

Crossref journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (341)

Abstract

Addition of antisense oligonucleotides to cell cultures has been used to specifically inhibit gene expression. We have investigated the mechanism by which oligonucleotides enter living cells. These compounds are taken up by cells in a saturable, size-dependent manner compatible with receptor-mediated endocytosis. Polynucleotides of any length are competitive inhibitors of oligomer transport, providing they possess a 5'-phosphate moiety. Using oligo(dT)-cellulose for affinity purification, we have identified an 80-kDa surface protein that may mediate transport. Knowledge of the oligonucleotide transport mechanism should facilitate the design of more effective synthetic antisense oligomers as potential clinical agents.

Bibliography

Loke, S. L., Stein, C. A., Zhang, X. H., Mori, K., Nakanishi, M., Subasinghe, C., Cohen, J. S., & Neckers, L. M. (1989). Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 86(10), 3474â3478.

Authors 8

S L Loke (first)
C A Stein (additional)
X H Zhang (additional)
K Mori (additional)
M Nakanishi (additional)
C Subasinghe (additional)
J S Cohen (additional)
L M Neckers (additional)

References 0 Referenced 548

None

Dates

Type	When
Created	19 years, 3 months ago (May 31, 2006, 6:55 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 4 months ago (April 13, 2022, 12:39 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (Aug. 2, 2025, 12:39 a.m.)
Issued	36 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1989)
Published	36 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1989)
Published Online	36 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1989)
Published Print	36 years, 4 months ago (May 1, 1989)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Loke_1989, title={Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells.}, volume={86}, ISSN={1091-6490}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474}, number={10}, journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, publisher={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author={Loke, S L and Stein, C A and Zhang, X H and Mori, K and Nakanishi, M and Subasinghe, C and Cohen, J S and Neckers, L M}, year={1989}, month=may, pages={3474–3478} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-02T04:39:39Z",
    "timestamp": 1754109579914
  },
  "reference-count": 0,
  "publisher": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "issue": "10",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "www.pnas.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1989,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>Addition of antisense oligonucleotides to cell cultures has been used to specifically inhibit gene expression. We have investigated the mechanism by which oligonucleotides enter living cells. These compounds are taken up by cells in a saturable, size-dependent manner compatible with receptor-mediated endocytosis. Polynucleotides of any length are competitive inhibitors of oligomer transport, providing they possess a 5'-phosphate moiety. Using oligo(dT)-cellulose for affinity purification, we have identified an 80-kDa surface protein that may mediate transport. Knowledge of the oligonucleotide transport mechanism should facilitate the design of more effective synthetic antisense oligomers as potential clinical agents.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2006,
        5,
        31
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2006-05-31T10:55:09Z",
    "timestamp": 1149072909000
  },
  "page": "3474-3478",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.cm10313",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 548,
  "title": "Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells.",
  "prefix": "10.1073",
  "volume": "86",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "S L",
      "family": "Loke",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "C A",
      "family": "Stein",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "X H",
      "family": "Zhang",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "K",
      "family": "Mori",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "M",
      "family": "Nakanishi",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "C",
      "family": "Subasinghe",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "J S",
      "family": "Cohen",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "L M",
      "family": "Neckers",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "341",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1989,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2022,
        4,
        13
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2022-04-13T16:39:16Z",
    "timestamp": 1649867956000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1989,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 0,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "10",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1989,
          5
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.10.3474",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0027-8424",
    "1091-6490"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1989,
        5
      ]
    ]
  },
  "assertion": [
    {
      "value": "1989-05-01",
      "order": 2,
      "name": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}