DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1531970100. Retinal counterion switch in the photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin

Retinal counterion switch in the photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin

10.1073/pnas.1531970100

Crossref journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (341)

Abstract

The biological function of Glu-181 in the photoactivation process of rhodopsin is explored through spectroscopic studies of site-specific mutants. Preresonance Raman vibrational spectra of the unphotolyzed E181Q mutant are nearly identical to spectra of the native pigment, supporting the view that Glu-181 is uncharged (protonated) in the dark state. The pH dependence of the absorption of the metarhodopsin I (Meta I)-like photoproduct of E181Q is investigated, revealing a dramatic shift of its Schiff base pK a compared with the native pigment. This result is most consistent with the assignment of Glu-181 as the primary counterion of the retinylidene protonated Schiff base in the Meta I state, implying that there is a counterion switch from Glu-113 in the dark state to Glu-181 in Meta I. We propose a model where the counterion switch occurs by transferring a proton from Glu-181 to Glu-113 through an H-bond network formed primarily with residues on extracellular loop II (EII). The resulting reorganization of EII is then coupled to movements of helix III through a conserved disulfide bond (Cys110–Cys187); this process may be a general element of G protein-coupled receptor activation.

Bibliography

Yan, E. C. Y., Kazmi, M. A., Ganim, Z., Hou, J.-M., Pan, D., Chang, B. S. W., Sakmar, T. P., & Mathies, R. A. (2003). Retinal counterion switch in the photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(16), 9262â9267.

Authors 8

Elsa C. Y. Yan (first)
Manija A. Kazmi (additional)
Ziad Ganim (additional)
Jian-Min Hou (additional)
Douhai Pan (additional)
Belinda S. W. Chang (additional)
Thomas P. Sakmar (additional)
Richard A. Mathies (additional)

References 38 Referenced 172

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years ago (Aug. 5, 2003, 1:14 p.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 4 months ago (April 13, 2022, 1:19 a.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (July 28, 2025, 2:47 a.m.)
Issued	22 years, 2 months ago (June 30, 2003)
Published	22 years, 2 months ago (June 30, 2003)
Published Online	22 years, 2 months ago (June 30, 2003)
Published Print	22 years ago (Aug. 5, 2003)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Yan_2003, title={Retinal counterion switch in the photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin}, volume={100}, ISSN={1091-6490}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1531970100}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.1531970100}, number={16}, journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, publisher={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author={Yan, Elsa C. Y. and Kazmi, Manija A. and Ganim, Ziad and Hou, Jian-Min and Pan, Douhai and Chang, Belinda S. W. and Sakmar, Thomas P. and Mathies, Richard A.}, year={2003}, month=jun, pages={9262–9267} }

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