DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0402556101. Scanning electrochemical microscopy of menadione-glutathione conjugate export from yeast cells

Scanning electrochemical microscopy of menadione-glutathione conjugate export from yeast cells

10.1073/pnas.0402556101

Crossref journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (341)

Abstract

The uptake of menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), which is toxic to yeast cells, and its expulsion as a glutathione complex were studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy. The progression of the in vitro reaction between menadione and glutathione was monitored electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry and correlated with the spectroscopic (UV–visible) behavior. By observing the scanning electrochemical microscope tip current of yeast cells suspended in a menadione-containing solution, the export of the conjugate from the cells with time could be measured. Similar experiments were performed on immobilized yeast cell aggregates stressed by a menadione solution. From the export of the menadione-glutathione conjugate detected at a 1-μm-diameter electrode situated 10 μm from the cells, a flux of about 30,000 thiodione molecules per second per cell was extracted. Numerical simulations based on an explicit finite difference method further revealed that the observation of a constant efflux of thiodione from the cells suggested the rate was limited by the uptake of menadione and that the efflux through the glutathione-conjugate pump was at least an order of magnitude faster.

Bibliography

Mauzeroll, J., & Bard, A. J. (2004). Scanning electrochemical microscopy of menadione-glutathione conjugate export from yeast cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(21), 7862â7867.

Authors 2

Janine Mauzeroll (first)
Allen J. Bard (additional)

References 46 Referenced 88

Bard A. J. & Mirkin M. V. eds. (2001) Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (Dekker New York). (10.1201/9780203910771)
10.1021/ja973560f
10.1016/j.elecom.2003.12.003
10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.38.1.229
Reed D. J. & Meredith M. J. (1985) in Bioactivation of Foreign Compounds ed. Anders M. W. (Academic Orlando FL) pp. 71–108.
10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02086-6
10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00171-9
10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00177-X
10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00240-8
10.1074/jbc.273.32.20114
10.1021/ac026166v
10.1104/pp.113.3.895
10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.11.2092
10.1021/ac9903104
10.1021/la011576k
10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00408-0
10.1002/bit.10085
10.1021/ac010339j
10.1073/pnas.97.18.9855
10.1021/ac010945e
10.1021/ac020564g
10.1021/ac0343127
Nickerson, W. J., Falcone, G. & Strauss, G. (1963) Biochemistry 13, 537–543.14069543 / Biochemistry (1963)
10.1042/bj2570561
Chambers, J. Q. (1978) in Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements, XII, eds., Bard, A. J. & Lund, H. (Dekker, New York), Vol. 12, p. 453. / Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements, XII (1978)
10.1016/0041-008X(90)90307-G
Zadzinski, R., Fortuniak, A., Bilinski, T., Grey, M. & Bartosz, G. (1998) Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 44, 747–759.9584988 / Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. (1998)
Sies H. & Ketterer B. eds. (1988) Glutathione Conjugation: Mechanisms and Biological Significance (Academic London).
10.1016/S0141-0229(00)00165-4
10.1074/jbc.273.50.33449
10.1074/jbc.271.11.6509
10.1074/jbc.274.33.23584
10.1021/ac034088l
10.1002/1521-4109(200007)12:11<858::AID-ELAN858>3.0.CO;2-1
10.1021/la026273k
10.1098/rspb.1958.0035
10.1006/taap.1996.8048
10.1021/ac9811773
10.1016/0003-9861(84)90206-6
Bard A. J. & Faulkner L. R. (2001) Electrochemical Methods (Wiley New York) 2nd Ed. p. 309.
10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77670-2
10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02767-9
10.1007/s004250100661
10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31723-4
10.1073/pnas.93.13.6743
10.1074/jbc.M308696200

Dates

Type	When
Created	21 years, 3 months ago (May 17, 2004, 8:54 p.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 4 months ago (April 25, 2022, 10:08 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 4 weeks ago (July 2, 2025, 11:58 a.m.)
Issued	21 years, 3 months ago (May 17, 2004)
Published	21 years, 3 months ago (May 17, 2004)
Published Online	21 years, 3 months ago (May 17, 2004)
Published Print	21 years, 3 months ago (May 25, 2004)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Mauzeroll_2004, title={Scanning electrochemical microscopy of menadione-glutathione conjugate export from yeast cells}, volume={101}, ISSN={1091-6490}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0402556101}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.0402556101}, number={21}, journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, publisher={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author={Mauzeroll, Janine and Bard, Allen J.}, year={2004}, month=may, pages={7862–7867} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-02T15:58:11Z",
    "timestamp": 1751471891162
  },
  "reference-count": 46,
  "publisher": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "issue": "21",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "www.pnas.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        5,
        25
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>\n            The uptake of menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), which is toxic to yeast cells, and its expulsion as a glutathione complex were studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy. The progression of the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>\n            reaction between menadione and glutathione was monitored electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry and correlated with the spectroscopic (UV\u2013visible) behavior. By observing the scanning electrochemical microscope tip current of yeast cells suspended in a menadione-containing solution, the export of the conjugate from the cells with time could be measured. Similar experiments were performed on immobilized yeast cell aggregates stressed by a menadione solution. From the export of the menadione-glutathione conjugate detected at a 1-\u03bcm-diameter electrode situated 10 \u03bcm from the cells, a flux of about 30,000 thiodione molecules per second per cell was extracted. Numerical simulations based on an explicit finite difference method further revealed that the observation of a constant efflux of thiodione from the cells suggested the rate was limited by the uptake of menadione and that the efflux through the glutathione-conjugate pump was at least an order of magnitude faster.\n          </jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0402556101",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        5,
        18
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2004-05-18T00:54:16Z",
    "timestamp": 1084841656000
  },
  "page": "7862-7867",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.cm10313",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 88,
  "title": "Scanning electrochemical microscopy of menadione-glutathione conjugate export from yeast cells",
  "prefix": "10.1073",
  "volume": "101",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Janine",
      "family": "Mauzeroll",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station, A5300, Austin, TX 78712"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Allen J.",
      "family": "Bard",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, 1 University Station, A5300, Austin, TX 78712"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "341",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        5,
        17
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_1_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Bard A. J. & Mirkin M. V. eds. (2001) Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (Dekker New York).",
      "DOI": "10.1201/9780203910771"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_2_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja973560f"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_3_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.elecom.2003.12.003"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_4_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.38.1.229"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_5_2",
      "unstructured": "Reed D. J. & Meredith M. J. (1985) in Bioactivation of Foreign Compounds ed. Anders M. W. (Academic Orlando FL) pp. 71\u2013108."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_6_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02086-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_7_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00171-9"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_8_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00177-X"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_9_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00240-8"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_10_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.273.32.20114"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_11_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac026166v"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_12_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1104/pp.113.3.895"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_13_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.11.2092"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_14_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac9903104"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_15_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/la011576k"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_16_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00408-0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_17_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/bit.10085"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_18_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac010339j"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_19_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.97.18.9855"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_20_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac010945e"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_21_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac020564g"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_22_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac0343127"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_23_2",
      "first-page": "537",
      "volume": "13",
      "year": "1963",
      "unstructured": "Nickerson, W. J., Falcone, G. & Strauss, G. (1963) Biochemistry 13, 537\u2013543.14069543",
      "journal-title": "Biochemistry"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_24_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1042/bj2570561"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_25_2",
      "first-page": "453",
      "volume": "12",
      "year": "1978",
      "unstructured": "Chambers, J. Q. (1978) in Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements, XII, eds., Bard, A. J. & Lund, H. (Dekker, New York), Vol. 12, p. 453.",
      "journal-title": "Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements, XII"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_26_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-008X(90)90307-G"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_27_2",
      "first-page": "747",
      "volume": "44",
      "year": "1998",
      "unstructured": "Zadzinski, R., Fortuniak, A., Bilinski, T., Grey, M. & Bartosz, G. (1998) Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 44, 747\u2013759.9584988",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_28_2",
      "unstructured": "Sies H. & Ketterer B. eds. (1988) Glutathione Conjugation: Mechanisms and Biological Significance (Academic London)."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_29_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0141-0229(00)00165-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_30_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.273.50.33449"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_31_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.271.11.6509"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_32_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.274.33.23584"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_33_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac034088l"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_34_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/1521-4109(200007)12:11<858::AID-ELAN858>3.0.CO;2-1"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_35_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/la026273k"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_36_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspb.1958.0035"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_37_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1006/taap.1996.8048"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_38_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ac9811773"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_39_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0003-9861(84)90206-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_40_2",
      "unstructured": "Bard A. J. & Faulkner L. R. (2001) Electrochemical Methods (Wiley New York) 2nd Ed. p. 309."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_41_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77670-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_42_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02767-9"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_43_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1007/s004250100661"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_44_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31723-4"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_45_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.93.13.6743"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_3_2_46_2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.M308696200"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.0402556101",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2022,
        4,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2022-04-26T02:08:16Z",
    "timestamp": 1650938896000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0402556101"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        5,
        17
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 46,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "21",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2004,
          5,
          25
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1073/pnas.0402556101"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0402556101",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0027-8424",
    "1091-6490"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        5,
        17
      ]
    ]
  },
  "assertion": [
    {
      "value": "2004-05-17",
      "order": 2,
      "name": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}