DOI: 10.1065/lca2006.07.260. Bias in normalization: Causes, consequences, detection and remedies

Bias in normalization: Causes, consequences, detection and remedies

10.1065/lca2006.07.260

Crossref journal-article

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment (297)

Bibliography

Heijungs, R., GuinÃ©e, J., Kleijn, R., & Rovers, V. (2006). Bias in normalization: Causes, consequences, detection and remedies. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 12(4), 211â216.

Authors 4

Reinout Heijungs (first)
Jeroen Guinée (additional)
René Kleijn (additional)
Vera Rovers (additional)

References 16 Referenced 74

Anonymous (2000): Environmental management — life cycle assessment — life cycle impact assessment (ISO 14042). ISO, Geneva, Switzerland
Breedveld L, Lafleur M, Blonk H (1999): A Framework for Actualising Normalisation Data in LCA: Experiences in the Netherlands. Int J LCA 4(4) 213–220 (10.1007/BF02979500) / Int J LCA by L. Breedveld (1999)
Frischknecht R, Jungbluth N, Althaus H-J, Doka G, Dones R, Hirschier R, Hellweg S, Humbert S, Margni M, Nemecek T, Spielmann M (2004): Implementation of life cycle impact assessment methods. Ecoinvent report No. 3. Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, Switzerland / Implementation of life cycle impact assessment methods. Ecoinvent report No. 3 by R. Frischknecht (2004)
Guinée JB, Gorrée M, Heijungs R, Huppes G, Kleijn R, Koning A de, Oers L van, Wegener Sleeswijk A, Suh S, Udo de Haes HA, Bruijn H de, Duin R van, Huijbregts MAJ (2002): Handbook on life cycle assessment. Operational guide to the ISO standards. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands / Handbook on life cycle assessment. Operational guide to the ISO standards by J.B. Guinée (2002)
Hauschild M, Wenzel H (1998): Environmental assessment of products. Volume 2: Scientific background. Chapman & Hall, London, United Kingdom / Environmental assessment of products. Volume 2: Scientific background by M. Hauschild (1998)
Heijungs R (1997): Normalization of impact scores in LCA: what, why and how? In: ‘Ökobilanzen — Trends und Perspektiven’. Workshop der GDCh-Fachgruppe Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie; Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, Frankfurt am Main, Germany / Ökobilanzen — Trends und Perspektiven by R. Heijungs (1997)
Heijungs R, Kleijn R (2001): Numerical approaches to life-cycle interpretation. Five examples. Int J LCA 6(3) 141–148 (10.1007/BF02978732) / Int J LCA by R. Heijungs (2001)
Heijungs R, Suh S (2002): The computational structure of life cycle assessment. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands (10.1007/978-94-015-9900-9) / The computational structure of life cycle assessment by R. Heijungs (2002)
Huijbregts MAJ (2000): Priority assessment of toxic substances in the frame of LCA. Calculation of toxicity potentials for ethylene oxide and hydrogen fluoride. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands / Calculation of toxicity potentials for ethylene oxide and hydrogen fluoride by M.A.J. Huijbregts (2000)
Huijbregts MAJ, Norris GA, Bretz R, Ciroth A, Maurice B, Bahr B von, Weidema BP, Beaufort ASH de (2001): Framework for Modelling Data Uncertainty in Life Cycle Inventories. Int J LCA 6(3) 127–132 (10.1007/BF02978728) / Int J LCA by M.A.J. Huijbregts (2001)
Norris GA (2001): The Requirement for Congruence in Normalization. Int J LCA 6(2) 85–88 (10.1007/BF02977849) / Int J LCA by G.A. Norris (2001)
Rovers V (2005): Life cycle assessments of different production routes for hydrogen. Student report, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands / Student report by V. Rovers (2005)
Seppälä J, Basson L, Norris GA (2001): Decision Analysis Frameworks for Life-Cycle Impact Assessment. J Industr Ecol 5(4) 45–68 (10.1162/10881980160084033) / J Industr Ecol by J. Seppälä (2001)
Suh S, Lenzen M, Treloar GJ, Hondo H, Horvath A, Huppes G, Jolliet O, Klann U, Krewitt W, Moriguchi Y, Munksagaard J, Norris G (2004): System boundary selection in life-cycle inventories using hybrid approaches. Environ Sci Technol 38(3) 657–664 (10.1021/es0263745) / Environ Sci Technol by S. Suh (2004)
Tolle DA (1997): Regional Scaling and Normalization in LCIA. Development and Application of Methods. Int J LCA 2(4) 197–208 (10.1007/BF02978416) / Int J LCA by D.A. Tolle (1997)
Udo de Haes Ha, Finnveden G, Goedkoop M, Hauschild M, Hertwich EG, Hofstetter P, Jolliet O, Klöpffer W, Krewitt W, Lindeijer E, Müller-Wenk R, Olsen SI, Pennington DW, Potting J, Steen B (2002): Life-cycle impact assessment: Striving towards best practice. SETAC Press, Pensacola, USA / Life-cycle impact assessment: Striving towards best practice by H. Udo de Haes (2002)

Dates

Type	When
Created	17 years, 2 months ago (June 25, 2008, 10:49 a.m.)
Deposited	5 years, 3 months ago (May 6, 2020, 12:28 p.m.)
Indexed	4 days, 12 hours ago (Aug. 30, 2025, 1:11 p.m.)
Issued	19 years, 1 month ago (July 28, 2006)
Published	19 years, 1 month ago (July 28, 2006)
Published Online	19 years, 1 month ago (July 28, 2006)
Published Print	18 years, 3 months ago (June 1, 2007)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Heijungs_2006, title={Bias in normalization: Causes, consequences, detection and remedies}, volume={12}, ISSN={1614-7502}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/lca2006.07.260}, DOI={10.1065/lca2006.07.260}, number={4}, journal={The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Heijungs, Reinout and Guinée, Jeroen and Kleijn, René and Rovers, Vera}, year={2006}, month=jul, pages={211–216} }

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