DOI: 10.1063/1.475730. Density and index of refraction of water ice films vapor deposited at low temperatures

Density and index of refraction of water ice films vapor deposited at low temperatures

10.1063/1.475730

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

The Journal of Chemical Physics (317)

Abstract

The density of 0.5–3 μm thick vapor-deposited films of water ice were measured by combined optical interferometry and microbalance techniques during deposition on an optically flat gold substrate from a capillary array gas source. The films were of high optical quality with an index of refraction of 1.29±0.01 at 435.8 nm, a density of 0.82±0.01 g/cm3, and a porosity of 0.13±0.01. In contrast to previous studies, none of the measured properties exhibited any significant variation with growth rate or temperature over the range studied (0.6–2 nm/min, 20–140 K).

Bibliography

Westley, M. S., Baratta, G. A., & Baragiola, R. A. (1998). Density and index of refraction of water ice films vapor deposited at low temperatures. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 108(8), 3321â3326.

Authors 3

M. S. Westley (first)
G. A. Baratta (additional)
R. A. Baragiola (additional)

References 67 Referenced 173

{'key': '2024020713080878700_r1'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r2'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r3'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r4'}
10.1103/PhysRevB.48.9973 / Phys. Rev. B (1993)
10.1016/S0039-6028(96)00943-0 / Surf. Sci. (1996)
10.1016/S0039-6028(96)00944-2 / Surf. Sci. (1996)
10.1086/186333 / Astron. J. (1992)
10.1016/0038-1098(94)90438-3 / Solid State Commun. (1994)
10.1116/1.1318639 / J. Vac. Sci. Technol. (1974)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r11', 'first-page': '404', 'volume': '19', 'year': '1993', 'journal-title': 'Low Temp. Phys.'} / Low Temp. Phys. (1993)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r12', 'first-page': '123', 'volume': '22', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Low Temp. Phys.'} / Low Temp. Phys. (1996)
10.1021/j100200a055 / J. Phys. Chem. (1992)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r14'}
10.1021/jp952547j / J. Phys. Chem. (1996)
10.1063/1.1840851 / J. Chem. Phys. (1967)
10.1016/0021-9797(67)90023-9 / J. Colloid Interface Sci. (1967)
10.1016/0021-9797(82)90083-2 / J. Colloid Interface Sci. (1982)
10.1038/319298a0 / Nature (London) (1986)
10.1103/PhysRevB.35.2427 / Phys. Rev. B (1987)
10.1103/PhysRevB.36.9219 / Phys. Rev. B (1987)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r22'}
10.1021/j100194a019 / J. Phys. Chem. (1992)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r24'}
10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00514-5 / J. Non-Cryst. Solids (1996)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r26', 'first-page': '1195', 'volume': '40', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'J. Opt. Soc. Am.'} / J. Opt. Soc. Am. (1959)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r26a', 'first-page': '1415', 'volume': '40', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'J. Opt. Soc. Am.'} / J. Opt. Soc. Am. (1959)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r27'}
10.1021/j100067a024 / J. Phys. Chem. (1994)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r29'}
10.1080/10420159108220577 / Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids (1991)
10.1063/1.447044 / J. Chem. Phys. (1984)
10.1021/j100184a056 / J. Phys. Chem. (1992)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r33', 'first-page': '754', 'volume': '265', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Science'} / Science (1994)
10.1086/178220 / Astron. J. (1996)
10.1126/science.171.3966.62 / Science (1971)
10.1063/1.432298 / J. Chem. Phys. (1976)
10.1126/science.170.3958.652.b / Science (1970)
10.1016/0924-2031(96)00013-6 / Vib. Spectrosc. (1996)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r38a'}
10.1016/0304-3991(85)90070-1 / Ultramicroscopy (1985)
10.1086/176585 / Astron. J. (1995)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r41'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r42'}
10.1063/1.1678562 / J. Chem. Phys. (1972)
10.1063/1.333990 / J. Appl. Phys. (1984)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r45'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r46'}
10.1364/AO.18.001969 / Appl. Opt. (1979)
10.1364/AO.17.002779 / Appl. Opt. (1978)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03783.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (1993)
10.1364/AO.25.002650 / Appl. Opt. (1986)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r51'}
10.1016/0960-8974(95)00005-R / Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater. (1995)
10.1126/science.276.5320.1839 / Science (1997)
10.2514/3.49986 / AIAA J. (1971)
10.1063/1.437079 / J. Chem. Phys. (1978)
10.1063/1.460303 / J. Chem. Phys. (1991)
10.1063/1.461119 / J. Chem. Phys. (1991)
10.1063/1.461119 / J. Chem. Phys. (1991)
10.1016/0032-0633(95)00112-3 / Planet. Space Sci. (1996)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r59'}
10.1063/1.461886 / J. Chem. Phys. (1992)
10.1063/1.470655 / J. Chem. Phys. (1995)
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r62'}
{'key': '2024020713080878700_r63'}
10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.909 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (1997)

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 8:16 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 7, 2024, 2:44 p.m.)
Indexed	4 weeks, 1 day ago (July 30, 2025, 11:18 a.m.)
Issued	27 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 22, 1998)
Published	27 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 22, 1998)
Published Print	27 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 22, 1998)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Westley_1998, title={Density and index of refraction of water ice films vapor deposited at low temperatures}, volume={108}, ISSN={1089-7690}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475730}, DOI={10.1063/1.475730}, number={8}, journal={The Journal of Chemical Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Westley, M. S. and Baratta, G. A. and Baragiola, R. A.}, year={1998}, month=feb, pages={3321–3326} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        30
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-30T15:18:08Z",
    "timestamp": 1753888688945
  },
  "reference-count": 67,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "8",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1998,
        2,
        22
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>The density of 0.5\u20133 \u03bcm thick vapor-deposited films of water ice were measured by combined optical interferometry and microbalance techniques during deposition on an optically flat gold substrate from a capillary array gas source. The films were of high optical quality with an index of refraction of 1.29\u00b10.01 at 435.8 nm, a density of 0.82\u00b10.01\u2009g/cm3, and a porosity of 0.13\u00b10.01. In contrast to previous studies, none of the measured properties exhibited any significant variation with growth rate or temperature over the range studied (0.6\u20132 nm/min, 20\u2013140 K).</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.475730",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-26T12:16:49Z",
    "timestamp": 1027685809000
  },
  "page": "3321-3326",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 173,
  "title": "Density and index of refraction of water ice films vapor deposited at low temperatures",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "108",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "M. S.",
      "family": "Westley",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory for Atomic and Surface Physics, Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia\u200922901"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "G. A.",
      "family": "Baratta",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory for Atomic and Surface Physics, Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia\u200922901"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "R. A.",
      "family": "Baragiola",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Laboratory for Atomic and Surface Physics, Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia\u200922901"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r1"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r2"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r3"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r4"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "9973",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.48.9973",
      "volume": "48",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "L13",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0039-6028(96)00943-0",
      "volume": "367",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "L19",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0039-6028(96)00944-2",
      "volume": "367",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "L73",
      "DOI": "10.1086/186333",
      "volume": "388",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Astron. J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "985",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0038-1098(94)90438-3",
      "volume": "91",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "411",
      "DOI": "10.1116/1.1318639",
      "volume": "11",
      "year": "1974",
      "journal-title": "J. Vac. Sci. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r11",
      "first-page": "404",
      "volume": "19",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Low Temp. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r12",
      "first-page": "123",
      "volume": "22",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Low Temp. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8502",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j100200a055",
      "volume": "96",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r14"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4988",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jp952547j",
      "volume": "100",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1321",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1840851",
      "volume": "46",
      "year": "1967",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "206",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0021-9797(67)90023-9",
      "volume": "25",
      "year": "1967",
      "journal-title": "J. Colloid Interface Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "377",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0021-9797(82)90083-2",
      "volume": "86",
      "year": "1982",
      "journal-title": "J. Colloid Interface Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "298",
      "DOI": "10.1038/319298a0",
      "volume": "319",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2427",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.35.2427",
      "volume": "35",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "9219",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.36.9219",
      "volume": "36",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r22"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6185",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j100194a019",
      "volume": "96",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r24"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "151",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-3093(96)00514-5",
      "volume": "208",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Non-Cryst. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r26",
      "first-page": "1195",
      "volume": "40",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "J. Opt. Soc. Am."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r26a",
      "first-page": "1415",
      "volume": "40",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "J. Opt. Soc. Am."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r27"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4358",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j100067a024",
      "volume": "98",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r29"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "307",
      "DOI": "10.1080/10420159108220577",
      "volume": "115",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2939",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.447044",
      "volume": "80",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2322",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j100184a056",
      "volume": "96",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r33",
      "first-page": "754",
      "volume": "265",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1104",
      "DOI": "10.1086/178220",
      "volume": "473",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Astron. J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "62",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.171.3966.62",
      "volume": "171",
      "year": "1971",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1106",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.432298",
      "volume": "64",
      "year": "1976",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "652",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.170.3958.652.b",
      "volume": "170",
      "year": "1970",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0924-2031(96)00013-6",
      "volume": "12",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Vib. Spectrosc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r38a"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "151",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0304-3991(85)90070-1",
      "volume": "16",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "Ultramicroscopy"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "389",
      "DOI": "10.1086/176585",
      "volume": "455",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Astron. J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r41"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r42"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2221",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1678562",
      "volume": "57",
      "year": "1972",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r44",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "608",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.333990",
      "volume": "56",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r45"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r46"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1969",
      "DOI": "10.1364/AO.18.001969",
      "volume": "18",
      "year": "1979",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Opt."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r48",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2779",
      "DOI": "10.1364/AO.17.002779",
      "volume": "17",
      "year": "1978",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Opt."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r49",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "299",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03783.x",
      "volume": "76",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r50",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2650",
      "DOI": "10.1364/AO.25.002650",
      "volume": "25",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Opt."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r51"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r52",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "83",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0960-8974(95)00005-R",
      "volume": "30",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r53",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1839",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.276.5320.1839",
      "volume": "276",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r54",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1836",
      "DOI": "10.2514/3.49986",
      "volume": "9",
      "year": "1971",
      "journal-title": "AIAA J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r55",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3468",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.437079",
      "volume": "69",
      "year": "1978",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r56",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "812",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.460303",
      "volume": "94",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r56a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1378",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.461119",
      "volume": "95",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r57",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1378",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.461119",
      "volume": "95",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r58",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "937",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0032-0633(95)00112-3",
      "volume": "44",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Planet. Space Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r59"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r60",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3814",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.461886",
      "volume": "96",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r61",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4678",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.470655",
      "volume": "103",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r62"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r63"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020713080878700_r64",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "909",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.909",
      "volume": "79",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "The Journal of Chemical Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-pdf/108/8/3321/19317620/3321_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-pdf/108/8/3321/19317620/3321_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        7
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-07T19:44:39Z",
    "timestamp": 1707335079000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jcp/article/108/8/3321/182292/Density-and-index-of-refraction-of-water-ice-films"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1998,
        2,
        22
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 67,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "8",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1998,
          2,
          22
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475730",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-9606",
    "1089-7690"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1998,
        2,
        22
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1998,
        2,
        22
      ]
    ]
  }
}