DOI: 10.1063/1.366097. Efficient multilayer electroluminescence devices with poly(<i>m</i>-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-<i>p</i>-phenylenevinylene) as the emissive layer

Efficient multilayer electroluminescence devices with poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) as the emissive layer

10.1063/1.366097

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

The use of a new highly luminescent conjugated polymer as an emissive layer in single and multilayer electroluminescence devices is reported. Poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5 -dioctyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) [PmPV-co-DOctOPV] was prepared via a Wittig synthesis reaction. The resulting polymer has a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency in the solid state with an emission spectrum peaked at 506 nm (2.45 eV) in the green. Electroluminescence devices were fabricated with an ITO anode and a MgAg cathode. Three different structures were studied: (i) single layer devices containing only PmPV-co-DOctOPV; (ii) double layer devices with PmPV-co-DOctOPV and an evaporated film of 1,3-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl) phenylene [OXD-7] as an electron transport layer; (iii) triple layer devices containing PmPV-co-DOctOPV, OXD-7 and in addition a polyvinylcarbazole hole transport layer. Electroluminescence external quantum efficiencies for these devices were found to be up to 0.08%, 0.55%, and 1%, respectively, corresponding to luminous efficiencies of ≈0.5, ≈3, and ≈6 lm/W and power efficiencies of 8.5×10−5, 5.9×10−4, and 6.0×10−4 W/W.

Bibliography

OâBrien, D., Bleyer, A., Lidzey, D. G., Bradley, D. D. C., & Tsutsui, T. (1997). Efficient multilayer electroluminescence devices with poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) as the emissive layer. Journal of Applied Physics, 82(5), 2662â2670.

Authors 5

D. O’Brien (first)
A. Bleyer (additional)
D. G. Lidzey (additional)
D. D. C. Bradley (additional)
T. Tsutsui (additional)

References 70 Referenced 93

10.1038/347539a0 / Nature (London) (1990)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r2'}
10.1016/0379-6779(93)91086-H / Synth. Met. (1993)
10.1063/1.108094 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1992)
10.1038/357477a0 / Nature (London) (1992)
10.1038/356047a0 / Nature (London) (1992)
10.1038/365628a0 / Nature (London) (1993)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r7', 'first-page': '695', 'article-title': 'Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by', 'volume-title': 'Philo. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A', 'author': 'Bradley', 'year': '1997'} / Philo. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A / Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by by Bradley (1997)
10.1016/S0379-6779(96)03690-9 / Synth. Met. (1996)
10.1063/1.359056 / J. Appl. Phys. (1995)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r10', 'first-page': '829', 'article-title': 'Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by', 'volume-title': 'Philos. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A', 'author': 'Bradley', 'year': '1997'} / Philos. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A / Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by by Bradley (1997)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r11', 'first-page': '1379', 'volume': '6', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys.: Condens. Matter'} / J. Phys.: Condens. Matter (1994)
10.1038/376498a0 / Nature (London) (1995)
10.1063/1.108863 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1993)
10.1126/science.270.5243.1789 / Science (1995)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r15'}
10.1063/1.359792 / J. Appl. Phys. (1995)
10.1038/335137a0 / Nature (London) (1988)
10.1126/science.270.5238.974 / Science (1995)
10.1038/372344a0 / Nature (London) (1994)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.46.1156 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (1981)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.668 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (1992)
10.1016/0009-2614(93)85045-P / Chem. Phys. Lett. (1993)
10.1103/PhysRevB.54.4609 / Phys. Rev. B (1996)
10.1038/382695a0 / Nature (London) (1996)
10.1016/0009-2614(96)00450-2 / Chem. Phys. Lett. (1996)
10.1002/adma.19960081205 / Adv. Mater. (1996)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r27'}
10.1016/0040-6090(95)06767-1 / Thin Solid Films (1996)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r29', 'first-page': '891', 'volume': '7', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Appl. Phys. Lett.'} / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1996)
10.1126/science.267.5206.1969 / Science (1995)
10.1002/adma.19950071004 / Adv. Mater. (1995)
10.1002/adma.19950071104 / Adv. Mater. (1995)
10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80053-7 / Synth. Met. (1996)
10.1016/0379-6779(95)03452-P / Synth. Met. (1996)
10.1063/1.115152 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1995)
10.1126/science.269.5222.376 / Science (1995)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r37'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r38', 'first-page': '5516', 'volume': '54', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Phys. Rev. B'} / Phys. Rev. B (1996)
10.1088/0022-3727/20/11/007 / J. Phys. D (1987)
10.1016/0379-6779(85)90189-4 / Synth. Met. (1985)
10.1016/0379-6779(94)03210-W / Synth. Met. (1995)
10.1002/adma.19930051006 / Adv. Mater. (1993)
10.1103/PhysRevB.52.R11573 / Phys. Rev. B (1995)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r44', 'first-page': '456', 'volume': '55–57', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'Synth. Met.'} / Synth. Met. (1995)
10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80131-2 / Synth. Met. (1997)
10.1103/PhysRevB.54.R3683 / Phys. Rev. B (1996)
10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1759 / Phys. Rev. B (1996)
10.1016/0009-2614(95)00512-3 / Chem. Phys. Lett. (1995)
10.1126/science.265.5173.765 / Science (1994)
10.1002/pen.760160505 / Polym. Eng. Sci. (1976)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r51'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r52'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r53'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r54'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r55', 'first-page': '247', 'volume': '5', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys.: Condens. Matter'} / J. Phys.: Condens. Matter (1996)
10.1016/0009-2614(95)00584-Q / Chem. Phys. Lett. (1995)
10.1002/adma.19960081206 / Adv. Mater. (1996)
10.1063/1.105039 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1991)
10.1063/1.343409 / J. Appl. Phys. (1989)
10.1063/1.103638 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1990)
10.1063/1.109085 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1993)
10.1002/adma.19940060612 / Adv. Mater. (1994)
10.1143/JJAP.33.L250 / J. Appl. Phys. (1994)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r64'}
10.1063/1.360306 / J. Appl. Phys. (1995)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r66'}
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r67'}
10.1063/1.362475 / J. Appl. Phys. (1996)
{'key': '2024020219530957600_r69'}

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 9:33 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Feb. 2, 2024, 3:38 p.m.)
Indexed	1 year, 3 months ago (May 30, 2024, 12:34 a.m.)
Issued	28 years ago (Sept. 1, 1997)
Published	28 years ago (Sept. 1, 1997)
Published Print	28 years ago (Sept. 1, 1997)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{O_Brien_1997, title={Efficient multilayer electroluminescence devices with poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) as the emissive layer}, volume={82}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366097}, DOI={10.1063/1.366097}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={O’Brien, D. and Bleyer, A. and Lidzey, D. G. and Bradley, D. D. C. and Tsutsui, T.}, year={1997}, month=sep, pages={2662–2670} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        5,
        30
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-05-30T04:34:54Z",
    "timestamp": 1717043694479
  },
  "reference-count": 70,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "5",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>The use of a new highly luminescent conjugated polymer as an emissive layer in single and multilayer electroluminescence devices is reported. Poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5 -dioctyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) [PmPV-co-DOctOPV] was prepared via a Wittig synthesis reaction. The resulting polymer has a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency in the solid state with an emission spectrum peaked at 506 nm (2.45 eV) in the green. Electroluminescence devices were fabricated with an ITO anode and a MgAg cathode. Three different structures were studied: (i) single layer devices containing only PmPV-co-DOctOPV; (ii) double layer devices with PmPV-co-DOctOPV and an evaporated film of 1,3-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl) phenylene [OXD-7] as an electron transport layer; (iii) triple layer devices containing PmPV-co-DOctOPV, OXD-7 and in addition a polyvinylcarbazole hole transport layer. Electroluminescence external quantum efficiencies for these devices were found to be up to 0.08%, 0.55%, and 1%, respectively, corresponding to luminous efficiencies of \u22480.5,\u2008\u22483, and \u22486\u2009lm/W and power efficiencies of 8.5\u00d710\u22125,\u20085.9\u00d710\u22124, and 6.0\u00d710\u22124\u2009W/W.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.366097",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-26T13:33:46Z",
    "timestamp": 1027690426000
  },
  "page": "2662-2670",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 93,
  "title": "Efficient multilayer electroluminescence devices with poly(<i>m</i>-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-<i>p</i>-phenylenevinylene) as the emissive layer",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "82",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "D.",
      "family": "O\u2019Brien",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physics and Centre for Molecular Materials, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "A.",
      "family": "Bleyer",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physics and Centre for Molecular Materials, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "D. G.",
      "family": "Lidzey",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physics and Centre for Molecular Materials, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "D. D. C.",
      "family": "Bradley",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Physics and Centre for Molecular Materials, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "T.",
      "family": "Tsutsui",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816, Japan"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "539",
      "DOI": "10.1038/347539a0",
      "volume": "347",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r2"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r2a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "401",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(93)91086-H",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2793",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.108094",
      "volume": "61",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "477",
      "DOI": "10.1038/357477a0",
      "volume": "357",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "47",
      "DOI": "10.1038/356047a0",
      "volume": "356",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "628",
      "DOI": "10.1038/365628a0",
      "volume": "365",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r7",
      "first-page": "695",
      "article-title": "Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by",
      "volume-title": "Philo. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A",
      "author": "Bradley",
      "year": "1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "111",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0379-6779(96)03690-9",
      "volume": "80",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "694",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.359056",
      "volume": "77",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r10",
      "first-page": "829",
      "article-title": "Proceedings Royal Society Discussion Meeting: Electronics with Molecular Materials, edited by",
      "volume-title": "Philos. Trans. R. Soc.: Ser. A",
      "author": "Bradley",
      "year": "1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r11",
      "first-page": "1379",
      "volume": "6",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "498",
      "DOI": "10.1038/376498a0",
      "volume": "376",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "585",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.108863",
      "volume": "62",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1789",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.270.5243.1789",
      "volume": "270",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r15"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4510",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.359792",
      "volume": "78",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "137",
      "DOI": "10.1038/335137a0",
      "volume": "335",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "974",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.270.5238.974",
      "volume": "270",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "344",
      "DOI": "10.1038/372344a0",
      "volume": "372",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1156",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.46.1156",
      "volume": "46",
      "year": "1981",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "668",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.668",
      "volume": "69",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "127",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0009-2614(93)85045-P",
      "volume": "201",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4609",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.54.4609",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "695",
      "DOI": "10.1038/382695a0",
      "volume": "382",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "424",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0009-2614(96)00450-2",
      "volume": "256",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "974",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19960081205",
      "volume": "8",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r27"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "39",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0040-6090(95)06767-1",
      "volume": "273",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Thin Solid Films"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r29",
      "first-page": "891",
      "volume": "7",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1969",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.267.5206.1969",
      "volume": "267",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "839",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19950071004",
      "volume": "7",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "898",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19950071104",
      "volume": "7",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "61",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80053-7",
      "volume": "83",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "201",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(95)03452-P",
      "volume": "76",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3171",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.115152",
      "volume": "67",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "376",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.269.5222.376",
      "volume": "269",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r37"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r38",
      "first-page": "5516",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1389",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/20/11/007",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. D"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "181",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(85)90189-4",
      "volume": "10",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r41",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2179",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(94)03210-W",
      "volume": "71",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "721",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19930051006",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "R11573",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.52.R11573",
      "volume": "52",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r44",
      "first-page": "456",
      "volume": "55\u201357",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r45",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "995",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80131-2",
      "volume": "85",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r46",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "R3683",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.54.R3683",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1759",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1759",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r48",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "373",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0009-2614(95)00512-3",
      "volume": "240",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r49",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "765",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.265.5173.765",
      "volume": "265",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r50",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "303",
      "DOI": "10.1002/pen.760160505",
      "volume": "16",
      "year": "1976",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Eng. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r51"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r52"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r53"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r54"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r55",
      "first-page": "247",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r56",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "89",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0009-2614(95)00584-Q",
      "volume": "241",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r57",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "979",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19960081206",
      "volume": "8",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r58",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1982",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.105039",
      "volume": "58",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r59",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3610",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.343409",
      "volume": "65",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r60",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "531",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.103638",
      "volume": "57",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r61",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3238",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.109085",
      "volume": "62",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r62",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "491",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19940060612",
      "volume": "6",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r63",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "250",
      "DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.33.L250",
      "volume": "33",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r64"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r65",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1327",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.360306",
      "volume": "78",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r66"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r67"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r68",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8808",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.362475",
      "volume": "79",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020219530957600_r69"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/82/5/2662/18697653/2662_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/82/5/2662/18697653/2662_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-02T20:38:34Z",
    "timestamp": 1706906314000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/82/5/2662/289689/Efficient-multilayer-electroluminescence-devices"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 70,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "5",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1997,
          9,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366097",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1997,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}