DOI: 10.1063/1.365040. The transformation of graphitic onions to diamond under electron irradiation

The transformation of graphitic onions to diamond under electron irradiation

10.1063/1.365040

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

Diamond crystals nucleate in the centers of spherical concentric-shell graphitic particles where high pressure prevails under electron irradiation at specimen temperatures above 900 K. The diamond crystals grow under further irradiation until the graphitic particles have wholly transformed to diamond. Hence, the conversion of the graphitic structure to diamond starts at high pressure and proceeds at decreasing, possibly even at zero, pressure. The experiment is carried out in a transmission electron microscope which enables us to monitor this phase transformation in situ on an atomic scale. It is shown that the graphite/diamond system under electron irradiation is highly dissipative. This suggests that the phase transformation at low pressure occurs via self-organization under nonequilibrium conditions.

Bibliography

Banhart, F. (1997). The transformation of graphitic onions to diamond under electron irradiation. Journal of Applied Physics, 81(8), 3440â3445.

Authors 1

Florian Banhart (first)

References 29 Referenced 115

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Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 9:33 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Feb. 2, 2024, 2:38 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (Aug. 5, 2025, 9:01 a.m.)
Issued	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)
Published	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)
Published Print	28 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 1997)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Banhart_1997, title={The transformation of graphitic onions to diamond under electron irradiation}, volume={81}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365040}, DOI={10.1063/1.365040}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Banhart, Florian}, year={1997}, month=apr, pages={3440–3445} }

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