DOI: 10.1063/1.363032. Molecular beam deposited thin films of pentacene for organic field effect transistor applications

Molecular beam deposited thin films of pentacene for organic field effect transistor applications

10.1063/1.363032

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

Pentacene films deposited with molecular beam deposition have been fabricated and characterized with respect to structure and morphology using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Metal-insulator semiconductor field-effect transistor devices based on such films were used to study their transport properties. A maximum field-effect mobility of 0.038 cm−2 V−1 s−1 is reported for devices incorporating pentacene films deposited at room temperature. The structural characterization revealed the coexistence of two phases: the thermodynamically stable single-crystal phase and the kinetically favored, metastable thin-film phase. Such mixed phase films were produced when low deposition rates were used in combination with a substrate temperature of 55 °C. Mixed phase films had transport properties inferior to films consisting solely of one phase, while amorphous films deposited at low surface mobility conditions had extremely low conductivity. Use of prepurified pentacene as source material resulted in an order of magnitude lower free-carrier concentration in the pentacene film as compared to films made with as-received pentacene.

Bibliography

Dimitrakopoulos, C. D., Brown, A. R., & Pomp, A. (1996). Molecular beam deposited thin films of pentacene for organic field effect transistor applications. Journal of Applied Physics, 80(4), 2501â2508.

Authors 3

C. D. Dimitrakopoulos (first)
A. R. Brown (additional)
A. Pomp (additional)

References 35 Referenced 637

{'key': '2024020217231608300_r1', 'first-page': '52', 'volume': '8', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'Physics World'} / Physics World (1995)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r1a'}
10.1063/1.97417 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1986)
10.1063/1.100171 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1988)
10.1038/335137a0 / Nature (1988)
10.1016/0379-6779(94)90148-1 / Synth. Met. (1994)
10.1126/science.270.5238.972 / Science (1995)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r7', 'first-page': '1157', 'volume': '56', 'year': '1991', 'journal-title': 'Appl. Phys. Lett.'} / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1991)
10.1063/1.109680 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1993)
10.1016/0038-1098(89)90121-X / Solid State Commun. (1989)
10.1021/ja00072a026 / J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1993)
10.1126/science.265.5179.1684 / Science (1994)
10.1016/0379-6779(92)90297-V / Synth. Met. (1992)
10.1002/adma.19930051204 / Adv. Mater. (1993)
10.1016/0379-6779(93)91089-K / Synth. Met. (1993)
10.1126/science.268.5208.270 / Science (1995)
10.1063/1.361071 / J. Appl. Phys. (1996)
10.1103/PhysRevB.32.1172 / Phys. Rev. B (1985)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r18', 'first-page': '2473', 'volume': '41–43', 'year': '1991', 'journal-title': 'Synth. Met.'} / Synth. Met. (1991)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r19'}
10.1103/PhysRevB.35.7973 / Phys. Rev. B (1987)
10.1016/0301-0104(85)85067-9 / Chem. Phys. (1985)
10.1016/0301-0104(89)87141-1 / Chem. Phys. (1989)
10.1063/1.352227 / J. Appl. Phys. (1992)
10.1063/1.359096 / J. Appl. Phys. (1995)
10.1016/0022-0248(74)90173-0 / J. Cryst. Growth (1974)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r26'}
10.1107/S0365110X61002163 / Acta Crystallogr. (1961)
10.1063/1.352004 / J. Appl. Phys. (1992)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r29'}
10.1063/1.325249 / J. Appl. Phys. (1978)
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r31'}
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r32'}
{'key': '2024020217231608300_r33', 'first-page': '355', 'volume': '5', 'year': '1995', 'journal-title': 'J. Phys. III France'} / J. Phys. III France (1995)
10.1016/0379-6779(94)90205-4 / Synth. Met. (1994)

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 8:46 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 7 months ago (Feb. 2, 2024, 1:44 p.m.)
Indexed	3 days, 20 hours ago (Sept. 2, 2025, 6:35 a.m.)
Issued	29 years ago (Aug. 15, 1996)
Published	29 years ago (Aug. 15, 1996)
Published Print	29 years ago (Aug. 15, 1996)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Dimitrakopoulos_1996, title={Molecular beam deposited thin films of pentacene for organic field effect transistor applications}, volume={80}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363032}, DOI={10.1063/1.363032}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Dimitrakopoulos, C. D. and Brown, A. R. and Pomp, A.}, year={1996}, month=aug, pages={2501–2508} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        9,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-09-02T10:35:23Z",
    "timestamp": 1756809323362
  },
  "reference-count": 35,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "4",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1996,
        8,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>Pentacene films deposited with molecular beam deposition have been fabricated and characterized with respect to structure and morphology using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Metal-insulator semiconductor field-effect transistor devices based on such films were used to study their transport properties. A maximum field-effect mobility of 0.038 cm\u22122\u2009V\u22121\u2009s\u22121 is reported for devices incorporating pentacene films deposited at room temperature. The structural characterization revealed the coexistence of two phases: the thermodynamically stable single-crystal phase and the kinetically favored, metastable thin-film phase. Such mixed phase films were produced when low deposition rates were used in combination with a substrate temperature of 55\u2009\u00b0C. Mixed phase films had transport properties inferior to films consisting solely of one phase, while amorphous films deposited at low surface mobility conditions had extremely low conductivity. Use of prepurified pentacene as source material resulted in an order of magnitude lower free-carrier concentration in the pentacene film as compared to films made with as-received pentacene.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.363032",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-26T12:46:20Z",
    "timestamp": 1027687580000
  },
  "page": "2501-2508",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 637,
  "title": "Molecular beam deposited thin films of pentacene for organic field effect transistor applications",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "80",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "C. D.",
      "family": "Dimitrakopoulos",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Philips Research Laboratories, Prof. Holstlaan 4, 5656 AA Eindhoven, The Netherlands"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "A. R.",
      "family": "Brown",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Philips Research Laboratories, Prof. Holstlaan 4, 5656 AA Eindhoven, The Netherlands"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "A.",
      "family": "Pomp",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Philips Research Laboratories, Prof. Holstlaan 4, 5656 AA Eindhoven, The Netherlands"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r1",
      "first-page": "52",
      "volume": "8",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Physics World"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r1a"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1210",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.97417",
      "volume": "49",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "195",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.100171",
      "volume": "53",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "137",
      "DOI": "10.1038/335137a0",
      "volume": "335",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "Nature"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "65",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(94)90148-1",
      "volume": "68",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "972",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.270.5238.972",
      "volume": "270",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r7",
      "first-page": "1157",
      "volume": "56",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1372",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.109680",
      "volume": "63",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "381",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0038-1098(89)90121-X",
      "volume": "72",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8716",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00072a026",
      "volume": "115",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Chem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1684",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.265.5179.1684",
      "volume": "265",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "419",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(92)90297-V",
      "volume": "51",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "896",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.19930051204",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "435",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(93)91089-K",
      "volume": "54",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "270",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.268.5208.270",
      "volume": "268",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2136",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.361071",
      "volume": "79",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1172",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.32.1172",
      "volume": "32",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r18",
      "first-page": "2473",
      "volume": "41\u201343",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r19"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "7973",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.35.7973",
      "volume": "35",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "77",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0301-0104(85)85067-9",
      "volume": "94",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "347",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0301-0104(89)87141-1",
      "volume": "138",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4178",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.352227",
      "volume": "72",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6289",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.359096",
      "volume": "77",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "295",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-0248(74)90173-0",
      "volume": "22",
      "year": "1974",
      "journal-title": "J. Cryst. Growth"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r26"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "705",
      "DOI": "10.1107/S0365110X61002163",
      "volume": "14",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Acta Crystallogr."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5220",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.352004",
      "volume": "72",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r29"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3430",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.325249",
      "volume": "49",
      "year": "1978",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r31"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r32"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r33",
      "first-page": "355",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. III France"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020217231608300_r34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "97",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0379-6779(94)90205-4",
      "volume": "62",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Synth. Met."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/80/4/2501/18686855/2501_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/80/4/2501/18686855/2501_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-02T18:44:51Z",
    "timestamp": 1706899491000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/80/4/2501/2650/Molecular-beam-deposited-thin-films-of-pentacene"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1996,
        8,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 35,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "4",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1996,
          8,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363032",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1996,
        8,
        15
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1996,
        8,
        15
      ]
    ]
  }
}