DOI: 10.1063/1.3623779. Watching domains grow: <i>In-situ</i> studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy

Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy

10.1063/1.3623779

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

Ferroelectric domain nucleation and growth in multiferroic BiFeO3 films is observed directly by applying a local electric field with a conductive tip inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. The nucleation and growth of a ferroelastic domain and its interaction with pre-existing 71° domain walls are observed and compared with the results of phase-field modeling. In particular, a preferential nucleation site and direction-dependent pinning of domain walls are observed due to slow kinetics of metastable switching in the sample without a bottom electrode. These in situ spatially resolved observations of a first-order bias-induced phase transition reveal the mesoscopic mechanisms underpinning functionality of a wide range of multiferroic materials.

Bibliography

Chang, H., Kalinin, S. V., Yang, S., Yu, P., Bhattacharya, S., Wu, P. P., Balke, N., Jesse, S., Chen, L. Q., Ramesh, R., Pennycook, S. J., & Borisevich, A. Y. (2011). Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Journal of Applied Physics, 110(5).

Authors 12

Hyejung Chang (first)
Sergei V. Kalinin (additional)
Seungyeul Yang (additional)
Pu Yu (additional)
Saswata Bhattacharya (additional)
Ping P. Wu (additional)
Nina Balke (additional)
Stephen Jesse (additional)
Long Q. Chen (additional)
Ramamoorthy Ramesh (additional)
Stephen J. Pennycook (additional)
Albina Y. Borisevich (additional)

References 35 Referenced 57

{'volume-title': 'Ferroelectric Memories', 'year': '2000', 'key': '2023080501154234100_c1'} / Ferroelectric Memories (2000)
10.1126/science.1171200 / Science (2009)
{'issue': '3', 'key': '2023080501154234100_c3', 'first-page': '355', 'volume': '1', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Ser. Mat.'} / Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Ser. Mat. (1937)
10.1063/1.1750631 / J. Chem. Phys. (1940)
10.1143/JPSJ.31.506 / J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (1971)
10.1063/1.2010605 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2005)
10.1063/1.1870126 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2005)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.045701 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (2009)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.027604 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (2008)
10.1063/1.2969045 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2008)
10.1007/s10853-009-3699-x / J. Mater. Sci. (2009)
10.1073/pnas.0709316104 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. (2007)
10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00673.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (2006)
10.1080/00150190108008502 / Ferroelectrics (2001)
10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02592.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (2008)
10.1021/cm8004634 / Chem. Mat. (2008)
10.1021/cm800464d / Chem. Mat. (2008)
10.1063/1.1775307 / J. Appl. Phys. (2004)
10.1063/1.2795677 / J. Appl. Phys. (2007)
10.1557/JMR.2005.0213 / J. Mater. Res. (2005)
10.1063/1.2041830 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2005)
{'key': '2023080501154234100_c22', 'first-page': '1217', 'volume-title': 'Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology', 'author': 'Schwartz', 'year': '2008'} / Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology by Schwartz (2008)
10.1063/1.366632 / J. Appl. Phys. (1998)
10.1063/1.366632 / J. Appl. Phys. (1998)
See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3623779 for additional details of imaging, modeling, and data interpretation as well as the full movie.
10.1063/1.1772858 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2004)
10.1063/1.1845594 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2005)
10.1063/1.2214699 / Rev. Sci. Instrum. (2006)
10.1088/0031-8949/2007/T129/023 / Phys. Scr. (2007)
{'key': '2023080501154234100_c29'}
10.1103/PhysRevB.80.104110 / Phys. Rev. B (2009)
10.1063/1.2993330 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2008)
{'volume-title': 'Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications', 'year': '2009', 'key': '2023080501154234100_c32'} / Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications (2009)
10.1038/nmat1808 / Nat. Mater. (2007)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.087204 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (2010)

Dates

Type	When
Created	13 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 2, 2011, 10:37 a.m.)
Deposited	2 years ago (Aug. 4, 2023, 9:15 p.m.)
Indexed	3 weeks, 1 day ago (July 30, 2025, 6:57 a.m.)
Issued	13 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2011)
Published	13 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2011)
Published Online	13 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 2, 2011)
Published Print	13 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2011)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Chang_2011, title={Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy}, volume={110}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3623779}, DOI={10.1063/1.3623779}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Chang, Hyejung and Kalinin, Sergei V. and Yang, Seungyeul and Yu, Pu and Bhattacharya, Saswata and Wu, Ping P. and Balke, Nina and Jesse, Stephen and Chen, Long Q. and Ramesh, Ramamoorthy and Pennycook, Stephen J. and Borisevich, Albina Y.}, year={2011}, month=sep }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        30
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-30T10:57:51Z",
    "timestamp": 1753873071896,
    "version": "3.41.2"
  },
  "reference-count": 35,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "5",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>Ferroelectric domain nucleation and growth in multiferroic BiFeO3 films is observed directly by applying a local electric field with a conductive tip inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. The nucleation and growth of a ferroelastic domain and its interaction with pre-existing 71\u00b0 domain walls are observed and compared with the results of phase-field modeling. In particular, a preferential nucleation site and direction-dependent pinning of domain walls are observed due to slow kinetics of metastable switching in the sample without a bottom electrode. These in situ spatially resolved observations of a first-order bias-induced phase transition reveal the mesoscopic mechanisms underpinning functionality of a wide range of multiferroic materials.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.3623779",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2011-09-02T14:37:08Z",
    "timestamp": 1314974228000
  },
  "update-policy": "https://doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 57,
  "title": "Watching domains grow: <i>In-situ</i> studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "110",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Hyejung",
      "family": "Chang",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Sergei V.",
      "family": "Kalinin",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Seungyeul",
      "family": "Yang",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of California 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, , Berkeley, California 94720, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Pu",
      "family": "Yu",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of California 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, , Berkeley, California 94720, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Saswata",
      "family": "Bhattacharya",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Penn State University 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, , University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Ping P.",
      "family": "Wu",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Penn State University 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, , University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Nina",
      "family": "Balke",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Stephen",
      "family": "Jesse",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Long Q.",
      "family": "Chen",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Penn State University 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, , University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Ramamoorthy",
      "family": "Ramesh",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "University of California 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, , Berkeley, California 94720, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Stephen J.",
      "family": "Pennycook",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Albina Y.",
      "family": "Borisevich",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        2
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "volume-title": "Ferroelectric Memories",
      "year": "2000",
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c1"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1421",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.1171200",
      "volume": "324",
      "year": "2009",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "issue": "3",
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c3",
      "first-page": "355",
      "volume": "1",
      "year": "1937",
      "journal-title": "Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Ser. Mat."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "212",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1750631",
      "volume": "8",
      "year": "1940",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "506",
      "DOI": "10.1143/JPSJ.31.506",
      "volume": "31",
      "year": "1971",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Soc. Jpn."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2010605",
      "volume": "87",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1870126",
      "volume": "86",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "4",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.045701",
      "volume": "102",
      "year": "2009",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "4",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.027604",
      "volume": "100",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2969045",
      "volume": "93",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "5189",
      "DOI": "10.1007/s10853-009-3699-x",
      "volume": "44",
      "year": "2009",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "20204",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0709316104",
      "volume": "104",
      "year": "2007",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "281",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00673.x",
      "volume": "89",
      "year": "2006",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "69",
      "DOI": "10.1080/00150190108008502",
      "volume": "251",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Ferroelectrics"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3335",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02592.x",
      "volume": "91",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "5061",
      "DOI": "10.1021/cm8004634",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Mat."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "5074",
      "DOI": "10.1021/cm800464d",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Mat."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "2805",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1775307",
      "volume": "96",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "084101",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2795677",
      "volume": "102",
      "year": "2007",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "1641",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.2005.0213",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2041830",
      "volume": "87",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c22",
      "first-page": "1217",
      "volume-title": "Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology",
      "author": "Schwartz",
      "year": "2008"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c23a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2742",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.366632",
      "volume": "83",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c23b",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "2754",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.366632",
      "volume": "83",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c24",
      "unstructured": "See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3623779 for additional details of imaging, modeling, and data interpretation as well as the full movie."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "452",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1772858",
      "volume": "85",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "012906",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1845594",
      "volume": "86",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "073702",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2214699",
      "volume": "77",
      "year": "2006",
      "journal-title": "Rev. Sci. Instrum."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "103",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0031-8949/2007/T129/023",
      "volume": "T 129",
      "year": "2007",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Scr."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c29"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "10",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.80.104110",
      "volume": "80",
      "year": "2009",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.2993330",
      "volume": "93",
      "year": "2008",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "volume-title": "Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications",
      "year": "2009",
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c32"
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "64",
      "DOI": "10.1038/nmat1808",
      "volume": "6",
      "year": "2007",
      "journal-title": "Nat. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2023080501154234100_c34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "087204",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.087204",
      "volume": "105",
      "year": "2010",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.3623779/13642722/052014_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.3623779/13642722/052014_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2023,
        8,
        5
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2023-08-05T01:15:57Z",
    "timestamp": 1691198157000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/110/5/052014/990764/Watching-domains-grow-In-situ-studies-of"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 35,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "5",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2011,
          9,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3623779",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011,
        9,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "article-number": "052014"
}