DOI: 10.1063/1.1728464. Nature of the Valley Current in Tunnel Diodes

Nature of the Valley Current in Tunnel Diodes

10.1063/1.1728464

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

An explanation of the ``excess current'' up to and including the valley point, observed in tunnel diodes, is suggested in terms of tunneling between impurity band states of the heavily doped p and n regions. Density-of-states curves are constructed, based on several different models of impurity bands, and the tunneling current between such bands is computed and compared with experiment. The effect of different base materials and impurities on the valley current is discussed. Some aspects of impurity band formation in heavily doped semiconductors are considered, and possible modifications and difficulties of the present approach are indicated. The possibility of obtaining information about impurity band structure from tunnel diode measurements is discussed. Experimental evidence is presented about the position of the Fermi level in heavily doped semiconductors and is shown to agree with that postulated by the present model. The Appendix gives the theory of locating the Fermi levels from measurements of the temperature variation of the diode characteristic.

Bibliography

Brody, T. P. (1962). Nature of the Valley Current in Tunnel Diodes. Journal of Applied Physics, 33(1), 100â111.

Authors 1

T. P. Brody (first)

References 52 Referenced 37

10.1103/PhysRev.109.603 / Phys. Rev. (1958)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r2'}
10.1103/PhysRev.79.727 / Phys. Rev. (1950)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r4'}
10.1103/PhysRev.88.893 / Phys. Rev. (1952)
10.1080/14786441208520405 / Phil. Mag. (1953)
10.1021/j150509a022 / J. Phys. Chem. (1953)
10.1016/S0031-8914(54)80210-2 / Physica (1954)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r9', 'first-page': '655', 'volume': '22', 'year': '1954', 'journal-title': 'J. Chem. Phys.'} / J. Chem. Phys. (1954)
10.1103/PhysRev.100.1638 / Phys. Rev. (1955)
10.1051/jphysrad:01955001604032001 / J. phys. radium (1955)
10.1103/PhysRev.100.1698 / Phys. Rev. (1955)
10.1103/PhysRev.103.51 / Phys. Rev. (1956)
10.1143/JPSJ.11.608 / J. Phys. Soc. Japan (1956)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r15'}
10.1016/0022-3697(58)90220-8 / J. Phys. Chem. Solids (1958)
10.1143/JPSJ.13.1096 / J. Phys. Soc. Japan (1958)
10.1007/BF02751484 / Suppl. Nuovo Cimento (1958)
10.1080/14786435908238252 / Phil. Mag. (1959)
10.1051/jphysrad:01959002006060600 / J. phys. radium (1959)
10.1051/jphysrad:01959002006062400 / J. phys. radium (1959)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r22', 'first-page': '1110', 'volume': '1', 'year': '1960', 'journal-title': 'Soviet Phys.-Solid State'} / Soviet Phys.-Solid State (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.75.865 / Phys. Rev. (1949)
10.1103/PhysRev.121.684 / Phys. Rev. (1961)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r24'}
10.1103/PhysRev.110.41 / Phys. Rev. (1958)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r26'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r27'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r28'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r29'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r30'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r31'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r32'}
10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb03928.x / Bell System Tech. J. (1960)
10.1016/0001-6160(54)90185-6 / Acta Met. (1954)
10.1103/PhysRev.104.22 / Phys. Rev. (1956)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.3.167 / Phys. Rev. Letters (1959)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r37'}
10.1063/1.1735965 / J. Appl. Phys. (1961)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.5.55 / Phys. Rev. Letters (1960)
10.1016/0038-1101(61)90040-5 / Solid State Electronics (1961)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.20 / Phys. Rev. Letters (1960)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.454 / Phys. Rev. Letters (1960)
10.1103/PhysRev.118.425 / Phys. Rev. (1960)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r44'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r45'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r46'}
10.1016/0038-1101(60)90052-6 / Solid State Electronics (1960)
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r48'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r49'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r50'}
{'key': '2024020206114668000_r51'}

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 4 months ago (April 22, 2005, 12:31 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 2, 2024, 1:12 a.m.)
Indexed	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 4, 2024, 2:59 p.m.)
Issued	63 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1962)
Published	63 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1962)
Published Print	63 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1962)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Brody_1962, title={Nature of the Valley Current in Tunnel Diodes}, volume={33}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1728464}, DOI={10.1063/1.1728464}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Brody, T. P.}, year={1962}, month=jan, pages={100–111} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        4
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-04T19:59:53Z",
    "timestamp": 1707076793988
  },
  "reference-count": 52,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "1",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1962,
        1,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>An explanation of the ``excess current'' up to and including the valley point, observed in tunnel diodes, is suggested in terms of tunneling between impurity band states of the heavily doped p and n regions. Density-of-states curves are constructed, based on several different models of impurity bands, and the tunneling current between such bands is computed and compared with experiment. The effect of different base materials and impurities on the valley current is discussed. Some aspects of impurity band formation in heavily doped semiconductors are considered, and possible modifications and difficulties of the present approach are indicated. The possibility of obtaining information about impurity band structure from tunnel diode measurements is discussed. Experimental evidence is presented about the position of the Fermi level in heavily doped semiconductors and is shown to agree with that postulated by the present model. The Appendix gives the theory of locating the Fermi levels from measurements of the temperature variation of the diode characteristic.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.1728464",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        4,
        22
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-04-22T16:31:18Z",
    "timestamp": 1114187478000
  },
  "page": "100-111",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 37,
  "title": "Nature of the Valley Current in Tunnel Diodes",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "33",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "T. P.",
      "family": "Brody",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Westinghouse Research Laboratories, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "603",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.109.603",
      "volume": "109",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r2"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "727",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.79.727",
      "volume": "79",
      "year": "1950",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r4"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "893",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.88.893",
      "volume": "88",
      "year": "1952",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1355",
      "DOI": "10.1080/14786441208520405",
      "volume": "44",
      "year": "1953",
      "journal-title": "Phil. Mag."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "840",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j150509a022",
      "volume": "57",
      "year": "1953",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "978",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0031-8914(54)80210-2",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "1954",
      "journal-title": "Physica"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r9",
      "first-page": "655",
      "volume": "22",
      "year": "1954",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1638",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.100.1638",
      "volume": "100",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "320",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphysrad:01955001604032001",
      "volume": "16",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "J. phys. radium"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1698",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.100.1698",
      "volume": "100",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "51",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.103.51",
      "volume": "103",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "608",
      "DOI": "10.1143/JPSJ.11.608",
      "volume": "11",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Soc. Japan"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r15"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "69",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-3697(58)90220-8",
      "volume": "6",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1096",
      "DOI": "10.1143/JPSJ.13.1096",
      "volume": "13",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Soc. Japan"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "312",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02751484",
      "volume": "7",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Suppl. Nuovo Cimento"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "560",
      "DOI": "10.1080/14786435908238252",
      "volume": "4",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Phil. Mag."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "606",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphysrad:01959002006060600",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "J. phys. radium"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "624",
      "DOI": "10.1051/jphysrad:01959002006062400",
      "volume": "20",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "J. phys. radium"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r22",
      "first-page": "1110",
      "volume": "1",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Soviet Phys.-Solid State"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "865",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.75.865",
      "volume": "75",
      "year": "1949",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r23a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "684",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.121.684",
      "volume": "121",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r24"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "41",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.110.41",
      "volume": "110",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r26"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r27"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r28"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r29"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r30"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r31"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r32"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "205",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb03928.x",
      "volume": "39",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Bell System Tech. J."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "352",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0001-6160(54)90185-6",
      "volume": "2",
      "year": "1954",
      "journal-title": "Acta Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "22",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.104.22",
      "volume": "104",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "167",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.3.167",
      "volume": "3",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r37"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r37a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "83",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1735965",
      "volume": "32",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "55",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.5.55",
      "volume": "5",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "209",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0038-1101(61)90040-5",
      "volume": "2",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Electronics"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r41",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "20",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.20",
      "volume": "4",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "454",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.454",
      "volume": "4",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "425",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.118.425",
      "volume": "118",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r44"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r45"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r46"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "13",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0038-1101(60)90052-6",
      "volume": "1",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Electronics"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r48"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r49"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r50"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020206114668000_r51"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/33/1/100/18325920/100_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/33/1/100/18325920/100_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-02T06:12:12Z",
    "timestamp": 1706854332000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/33/1/100/288722/Nature-of-the-Valley-Current-in-Tunnel-Diodes"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1962,
        1,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 52,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1962,
          1,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1728464",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1962,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1962,
        1,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}