DOI: 10.1063/1.1726791. Theory of Formation of Very Thin Oxide Films on Metals

Theory of Formation of Very Thin Oxide Films on Metals

10.1063/1.1726791

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

The Journal of Chemical Physics (317)

Abstract

The growth of oxide on initially oxide-free evaporated aluminum films at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has been studied in parallel experiments, using elliptically polarized light to measure the film thickness and vibrating capacitor measurements to measure changes in the Volta potential. The film thickness reaches 21 Å in 106 sec and varies essentially logarithmically with time in the time range from 102 to 106 sec. The Volta potential is almost constant during the initial stages of growth and then varies approximately logarithmically with time. The observed change of Volta potential, interpreted as resulting from changes in the Galvani potential, is approximately 350 mV in 106 sec of oxidation. A logical extension of the Mott theory is presented which includes (1) the effect of electronic space charge resulting from equilibration of electrons between the metal and oxide and (2) the electric field in the oxide, both in its role as a barrier to electron penetration of the oxide and in its control over the migration of interstitial aluminum ions. The extended theory predicts a linear relation between V½X (V is Galvani potential difference across the oxide and X is oxide thickness) and ln (oxidation time) whose slope is 3ℏ/(32me)½, m and e being the mass and charge of the electron and ℏ being Planck's constant divided by 2π. The experimentally determined slope has the value 1.32×10−8 V½·cm as compared to the theoretical slope of 1.46×10−8 V½·cm.

Bibliography

Boggio, J. E., & Plumb, R. C. (1966). Theory of Formation of Very Thin Oxide Films on Metals. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 44(3), 1081â1086.

Authors 2

Joseph E. Boggio (first)
Robert C. Plumb (additional)

References 22 Referenced 46

10.1021/j150531a023 / J. Phys. Chem. (1955)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r2'}
10.1063/1.1728965 / J. Appl. Phys. (1962)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r4'}
10.1021/j100886a012 / J. Phys. Chem. (1965)
10.1021/ja01289a026 / J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1937)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r7'}
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r8'}
10.1149/1.2429983 / J. Electrochem. Soc. (1955)
10.1063/1.1733487 / J. Chem. Phys. (1963)
10.1063/1.1701430 / J. Chem. Phys. (1963)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r10b', 'first-page': '3335', 'volume': '40', 'year': '1964'} (1964)
10.1016/0022-3697(63)90021-0 / J. Phys. Chem. Solids (1963)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r11', 'first-page': '1317', 'volume': '24', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'J. Chem. Phys.'} / J. Chem. Phys. (1963)
10.1063/1.1731981 / J. Chem. Phys. (1961)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r13', 'first-page': '2377', 'volume': '39', 'year': '1963', 'journal-title': 'J. Chem. Phys.'} / J. Chem. Phys. (1963)
10.1149/1.2773804 / Trans. Electrochem. Soc. (1948)
10.1016/0001-6160(56)90051-7 / Acta Met. (1956)
10.1038/2001309a0 / Nature (1963)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r17', 'first-page': '254', 'volume': '21', 'year': '1949', 'journal-title': 'Rev. Mod. Phys.'} / Rev. Mod. Phys. (1949)
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r17a'}
{'key': '2024020900263188300_r18'}

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 9, 2005, 3:17 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 8, 2024, 7:26 p.m.)
Indexed	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 9, 2024, 6:46 a.m.)
Issued	59 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1966)
Published	59 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1966)
Published Print	59 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 1, 1966)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Boggio_1966, title={Theory of Formation of Very Thin Oxide Films on Metals}, volume={44}, ISSN={1089-7690}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1726791}, DOI={10.1063/1.1726791}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of Chemical Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Boggio, Joseph E. and Plumb, Robert C.}, year={1966}, month=feb, pages={1081–1086} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        9
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-09T11:46:53Z",
    "timestamp": 1707479213617
  },
  "reference-count": 22,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "3",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        2,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>The growth of oxide on initially oxide-free evaporated aluminum films at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has been studied in parallel experiments, using elliptically polarized light to measure the film thickness and vibrating capacitor measurements to measure changes in the Volta potential. The film thickness reaches 21 \u00c5 in 106 sec and varies essentially logarithmically with time in the time range from 102 to 106 sec. The Volta potential is almost constant during the initial stages of growth and then varies approximately logarithmically with time. The observed change of Volta potential, interpreted as resulting from changes in the Galvani potential, is approximately 350 mV in 106 sec of oxidation.</jats:p>\n               <jats:p>A logical extension of the Mott theory is presented which includes (1) the effect of electronic space charge resulting from equilibration of electrons between the metal and oxide and (2) the electric field in the oxide, both in its role as a barrier to electron penetration of the oxide and in its control over the migration of interstitial aluminum ions. The extended theory predicts a linear relation between V\u00bdX (V is Galvani potential difference across the oxide and X is oxide thickness) and ln (oxidation time) whose slope is 3\u210f/(32me)\u00bd, m and e being the mass and charge of the electron and \u210f being Planck's constant divided by 2\u03c0. The experimentally determined slope has the value 1.32\u00d710\u22128 V\u00bd\u00b7cm as compared to the theoretical slope of 1.46\u00d710\u22128 V\u00bd\u00b7cm.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.1726791",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        1,
        9
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-01-09T08:17:14Z",
    "timestamp": 1105258634000
  },
  "page": "1081-1086",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 46,
  "title": "Theory of Formation of Very Thin Oxide Films on Metals",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "44",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Joseph E.",
      "family": "Boggio",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Division of Chemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "Robert C.",
      "family": "Plumb",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Division of Chemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "900",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j150531a023",
      "volume": "59",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r2"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2378",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1728965",
      "volume": "33",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r4"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "439",
      "DOI": "10.1021/j100886a012",
      "volume": "69",
      "year": "1965",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1883",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja01289a026",
      "volume": "59",
      "year": "1937",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Chem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r7"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r8"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1149/1.2429983",
      "volume": "102",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "J. Electrochem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "282",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1733487",
      "volume": "38",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r10a",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2278",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1701430",
      "volume": "39",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r10b",
      "first-page": "3335",
      "volume": "40",
      "year": "1964"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r10c",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1081",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-3697(63)90021-0",
      "volume": "24",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. Chem. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r11",
      "first-page": "1317",
      "volume": "24",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "636",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1731981",
      "volume": "35",
      "year": "1961",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r13",
      "first-page": "2377",
      "volume": "39",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "177",
      "DOI": "10.1149/1.2773804",
      "volume": "93",
      "year": "1948",
      "journal-title": "Trans. Electrochem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "541",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0001-6160(56)90051-7",
      "volume": "4",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "Acta Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1309",
      "DOI": "10.1038/2001309a0",
      "volume": "200",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Nature"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r17",
      "first-page": "254",
      "volume": "21",
      "year": "1949",
      "journal-title": "Rev. Mod. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r17a"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020900263188300_r18"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "The Journal of Chemical Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-pdf/44/3/1081/18841384/1081_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-pdf/44/3/1081/18841384/1081_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        9
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-09T00:26:40Z",
    "timestamp": 1707438400000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jcp/article/44/3/1081/81696/Theory-of-Formation-of-Very-Thin-Oxide-Films-on"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        2,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 22,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "3",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1966,
          2,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1726791",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-9606",
    "1089-7690"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        2,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        2,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}