DOI: 10.1063/1.1517187. Femtosecond pump–probe nondestructive examination of materials (invited)

Femtosecond pump–probe nondestructive examination of materials (invited)

10.1063/1.1517187

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Review of Scientific Instruments (317)

Abstract

Ultrashort-pulsed lasers have been demonstrated as effective tools for the nondestructive examination (NDE) of energy transport properties in thin films. After the instantaneous heating of the surface of a 100 nm metal film, it will take ∼100 ps for the influence of the substrate to affect the surface temperature profile. Therefore, direct measurement of energy transport in a thin film sample requires a technique with picosecond temporal resolution. The pump–probe experimental technique is able to monitor the change in reflectance or transmittance of the sample surface as a function of time on a subpicosecond time scale. Changes in reflectance and transmittance can then be used to determine properties of the film. In the case of metals, the change in reflectance is related to changes in temperature and strain. The transient temperature profile at the surface is then used to determine the rate of coupling between the electron and phonon systems as well as the thermal conductivity of the material. In the case of semiconductors, the change in reflectance and transmittance is related to changes in the local electronic states and temperature. Transient thermotransmission experiments have been used extensively to observe electron-hole recombination phenomena and thermalization of hot electrons. Application of the transient thermoreflectance (TTR) and transient thermotransmittance (TTT) technique to the study of picosecond phenomena in metals and semiconductors will be discussed. The pump–probe experimental setup will be described, along with the details of the experimental apparatus in use at the University of Virginia. The thermal model applicable to ultrashort-pulsed laser heating of metals will be presented along with a discussion of the limitations of this model. Details of the data acquisition and interpretation of the experimental results will be given, including a discussion of the reflectance models used to relate the measured changes in reflectance to calculated changes in temperature. Finally, experimental results will be presented that demonstrate the use of the TTR technique for measuring the electron–phonon coupling factor and the thermal conductivity of thin metallic films. The use of the TTT technique to distinguish between different levels of doping and alloying in thin film samples of hydrogenated amorphous silicon will also be discussed briefly.

Bibliography

Norris, P. M., Caffrey, A. P., Stevens, R. J., Klopf, J. M., McLeskey, J. T., & Smith, A. N. (2003). Femtosecond pumpâprobe nondestructive examination of materials (invited). Review of Scientific Instruments, 74(1), 400â406.

Authors 6

Pamela M. Norris (first)
Andrew P. Caffrey (additional)
Robert J. Stevens (additional)
J. Michael Klopf (additional)
James T. McLeskey (additional)
Andrew N. Smith (additional)

References 45 Referenced 125

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Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 23, 2003, 1:28 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 7, 2024, 1:56 a.m.)
Indexed	1 week, 4 days ago (Aug. 23, 2025, 9:21 p.m.)
Issued	22 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2003)
Published	22 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2003)
Published Print	22 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2003)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Norris_2003, title={Femtosecond pump–probe nondestructive examination of materials (invited)}, volume={74}, ISSN={1089-7623}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1517187}, DOI={10.1063/1.1517187}, number={1}, journal={Review of Scientific Instruments}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Norris, Pamela M. and Caffrey, Andrew P. and Stevens, Robert J. and Klopf, J. Michael and McLeskey, James T. and Smith, Andrew N.}, year={2003}, month=jan, pages={400–406} }

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